血管与腔内血管外科杂志最新文献

{"title":"Near-infrared spectroscopy to monitor spinal cord oxygenation in οpen thoraco-abdominal aortic surgery. A case series","authors":"E. Giustiniano, F. Nisi, Sergio Palma, W. Pisciotta, N. Ruggieri, Francesca Barbieri, E. Civilini, C. Maurizio","doi":"10.59037/hjves.v4i4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59037/hjves.v4i4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. We adopted the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology to monitor the spinal oxygen supply through the paraspinous muscles oxygenation in agreement with the concept of “collateral network” circulation. We retrospectively investigated our database of subjects who underwent thoraco-abdominal aorta open repair assessing for the reliability of this monitoring to predict spinal cord injury.\u0000Methods. Consecutive patients who underwent elective thoraco-abdominal aorta open repair between March 2019\u0000and September 2021. In addition to standard monitoring, patients received the monitoring of the paraspinous muscles\u0000oxygenation by NIRS.\u0000Results. In one patient a significant drop of the mean arterial pressure (49 mmHg) and the spinal-cord perfusion pressure\u0000(31 mmHg) occurred after the aortic clamping, with a contemporary lowering of the left-side oxygenation of paraspinous muscles (<40%). Both the blood pressure and the spinal cord perfusion pressure were restored within 10 minutes, but the oxygenation remained at an unsafe level (<55%) until the end of the surgery. This same patient experienced a lower-limb paralysis post-operatively. It did not happen in the other 11 cases of the sample.\u0000Conclusions. The main finding of our retrospective analysis indicates reliability of this technology to monitor the spinal\u0000cord oxygenation during open thoraco-abdominal aortic surgery and possibly predict spinal cord injury. Still, several\u0000questions need to be addressed about the suitability of this technology to the anatomic and pathophysiology of the\u0000spinal cord circulation","PeriodicalId":60152,"journal":{"name":"血管与腔内血管外科杂志","volume":"86 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83333533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-occluding Candy-Plug: Implantation Technique to Obtain False Lumen Thrombosis in Chronic Aortic Dissections.","authors":"L. Bertoglio, V. Bilman, F. Rohlffs, G. Panuccio, R. Chiesa, T. Kölbel","doi":"10.1177/15266028221102661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15266028221102661","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000To describe the implantation steps of the latest generation of candy-plug device (third CP generation [CP III]) and to illustrate its possible pitfalls by discussing a case in whom this device was employed to occlude the false lumen (FL) of a chronic type B aortic dissection.\u0000\u0000\u0000TECHNIQUE\u0000A 69 year-old male patient who underwent a frozen elephant trunk arch repair due to residual type A aortic dissection developed a FL aneurysmal degeneration limited to the descending thoracic aorta. Two thoracic stent-grafts were deployed into the true lumen up to the celiac trunk origin. Then, the FL was occluded with a self-occluding CP III device (Cook Medical, Bloomington, Indiana), placed at the same level as the distal thoracic stent-graft. The distal un-stented sleeve was pushed upward to allow immediate occlusion of its central lumen, avoiding interference with reno-visceral arteries arising from the FL. Both intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography and follow-up computed tomographic angiography scan demonstrated complete FL thrombosis.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The introduction of CP III with its self-occluding mechanism helped to shorten and standardize the procedure. However, adjunctive steps may be needed to immediately obtain FL occlusion and avoid hampering the perfusion of vessels arising from the FL.","PeriodicalId":60152,"journal":{"name":"血管与腔内血管外科杂志","volume":"35 1","pages":"15266028221102661"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89449787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the Cardiovascular Specialist Ready For the Fifth Revolution? The Role of Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Big Data Analysis, Intelligent Swarming, and Knowledge-Centered Service on the Future of Global Cardiovascular Healthcare Delivery.","authors":"S. Sultan, Y. Acharya, Omnia Zayed, Hesham Elzomour, J. Parodi, O. Soliman, N. Hynes","doi":"10.1177/15266028221102660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15266028221102660","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":60152,"journal":{"name":"血管与腔内血管外科杂志","volume":"20 1","pages":"15266028221102660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74410789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chimney Technique and Single-Branched Stent Graft for the Left Subclavian Artery Preservation During Zone 2 Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for Type B Acute Aortic Syndromes.","authors":"Hai-yang Chang, Die Jin, Yongzheng Wang, Bin Liu, Wujie Wang, Yuliang Li","doi":"10.1177/15266028221102657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15266028221102657","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of zone 2 thoracic endovascular aortic repair assisted by the chimney technique or single-branched stent graft for the preservation of the left subclavian artery, and summarize our single-center experience with the techniques.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000From February 2017 to June 2020, 137 patients who underwent left subclavian artery revascularization during zone 2 thoracic endovascular aortic repair were enrolled. Patients had acute type B aortic dissection and penetrating aortic ulcer associated with intramural hematoma. The chimney technique was performed in 68 patients (group A), and single-branched stent graft was deployed in 69 patients (group B). All procedures were performed during the acute phase. Primary technical success, immediate postoperative endoleak, neurologic complications (stroke or spinal cord ischemia), 30-day mortality, 1-year technical success, all-cause mortality, patency of the left subclavian artery, and reintervention were analyzed. Comparing the occurrence of the Bird-Beak Configuration, defined as a gap between the aortic wall and the sent graft with stent protrusion into the aortic lumen more than 5 mm, was also performed.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Primary technique success was achieved in 66 and 67 patients in groups A and B, respectively. The incidence of immediate postoperative endoleak, neurologic complications (stroke or spinal cord ischemia), and 30-day mortality were 5.9%, 1.5%, and 4.4% in group A, and 2.9%, 2.9%, and 2.9% in group B, respectively. During follow-up, the 1-year technical success rate was similar in both groups. All-cause mortality was similar in both groups (3.1% in group A and 4.5% in group B). The patency of the left subclavian artery was not significantly different between the 2 groups with 2 and 3 occlusions in groups A and B, respectively. The rate of reintervention was higher in group B (3.1% vs 1.6%, p=0.536), with a non-significant difference. Bird-Beak Configuration was more prominent in group B with the incidence of 59.42%.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Acting as minimally invasive alternatives, both techniques are feasible for left subclavian artery preservation during zone 2 thoracic endovascular aortic repair for type B acute aortic syndromes with encouraging mid-term outcomes. Long-term follow-up is required to confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":60152,"journal":{"name":"血管与腔内血管外科杂志","volume":"13 1","pages":"15266028221102657"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87926763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Aortobifemoral Bypass and Endovascular Treatment for Chronic Infrarenal Abdominal Aortic Occlusion From the CHAOS (CHronic Abdominal Aortic Occlusion, ASian Multicenter) Registry.","authors":"N. Fujimura, M. Takahara, H. Obara, S. Ichihashi, R. George, K. Igari, H. Banno, K. Hozawa, T. Yamaoka, C. J. Kian, Jimmy W H Tan, Kihyuk Park, Pang Y C Skyi, Taku Kato, Osami Kawarada","doi":"10.1177/15266028221098710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15266028221098710","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000To directly compare the clinical outcomes of aortobifemoral bypass surgery (ABF) and endovascular treatment (EVT) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) of the infrarenal abdominal aorta (IAA).\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000In this retrospective, multicenter study, we used an international database of 436 patients who underwent revascularization for CTO of the IAA between 2007 and 2017 at 30 Asian cardiovascular centers. After excluding 52 patients who underwent axillobifemoral bypass surgery, 384 patients (139 ABFs and 245 EVTs) were included in the analysis. Propensity score-matched analysis was performed to compare clinical results in the periprocedural period and the long-term.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Propensity score matching extracted 88 pairs. Procedure time (ABF; 288 [240-345] minutes vs EVT; 159 [100-205] minutes, p<0.001) and length of hospital stay (17 [12-23] days vs 5 [4-13] days, p<0.001) were significantly shorter in the EVT group than in the ABF group, while the proportions of procedural success (98.9% versus 96.6%, p=0.620), complications (9.1% versus 12.3%, p=0.550), and mortality (2.3% versus 3.8%, p=1.000) were not different between the groups. At 1 months, ABI significantly increased more in the ABF group for both in a limb with the lower (0.56 versus 0.50, p=0.018) and the higher (0.49 versus 0.34, p=0.001) baseline ABI, while the change of the Rutherford category was not significantly different between the groups (p=0.590). At 5 years, compared with the EVT group, the ABF group had significantly better primary patency (89.4±4.3% versus 74.8±4.3%, p=0.035) and survival rates (86.9±4.5% versus 66.2±7.5%, p=0.007). However, there was no significant difference between the groups for secondary patency (100.0%±0.0% versus 93.5%±3.9%, p=0.160) and freedom from target lesion revascularization (TLR) (89.3±4.3% vs 77.3±7.3%, p=0.096).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Even with recent advancements in EVT, primary patency was still significantly better for ABF in CTO of the IAA. However, there was no difference between the groups in terms of secondary patency and freedom from TLR at 5 years. Furthermore, there was no difference in procedural success, complications, mortality, and improvement in the Rutherford classification during the periprocedural period, with significantly shorter procedure time and hospital stay in the EVT group.","PeriodicalId":60152,"journal":{"name":"血管与腔内血管外科杂志","volume":"73 1","pages":"15266028221098710"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77371681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognosis and Remodeling after Endovascular Repair for Acute, Subacute, and Chronic Type B Aortic Dissection.","authors":"Yang Zhao, C. Yao, H. Yin, Mian Wang, Zi-lun Li, Jingsong Wang, Zuojun Hu, Shenming Wang, G. Chang","doi":"10.1177/15266028221098703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15266028221098703","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for type B aortic dissection (TBAD) is already well introduced, but the best time point to perform TEVAR has not been defined. This study was to report mid- to long-term outcomes and aortic remodeling of TEVAR in patients with TBAD.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000In total, 318 TBAD patients from June 2001 to May 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into 3 groups depending on interval between dissection onset to TEVAR: acute (0-7 days), subacute (8-30 days), and chronic (>30 days). Clinical and morphological data were collected and analyzed.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The follow-up aorta-related mortality rates in the 3 groups were 17.6%, 2.6%, 4.2%, and the proximal stent-induced new entry rates were 11.8%, 1.6%, 2.8%, respectively. Aortic remodeling was satisfied in both the acute and subacute group, but the false lumen diameter did not decrease (p>0.05) in the chronic group. Compared with the VIRTUE classification (acute, 0-14 days; subacute, 15-92 days; chronic, >92 days), mid- to long-term outcomes of patients within the first overlapped interval between the 2 classifications (8-14 days) were similar to that of subacute patients (15-30 days), while aortic remodeling of patients in the second overlapped interval (31-92 days) was similar to that of chronic patients (>92 days).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000This study suggests that TEVAR for subacute TBAD is associated with a low long-term rate of aorta-related death. Aortic remodeling of chronic dissections is not satisfactory. Additional results suggest that the subacute phase (8-30 days) may be the optimal time to perform TEVAR for uncomplicated TBAD.","PeriodicalId":60152,"journal":{"name":"血管与腔内血管外科杂志","volume":"24 1","pages":"15266028221098703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72988965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salvage of an Incomplete Sandwich With a Covered Celiac Trunk and a \"Floating\" Superior Mesenteric Artery Stent in a Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm.","authors":"Ryan Gouveia e Melo, Benedict Ginthoer, Carlota Fernández Prendes, J. Stana, K. Stavroulakis, B. Rantner, N. Tsilimparis","doi":"10.1177/15266028221090448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15266028221090448","url":null,"abstract":"PURPOSE\u0000To report a case of a patient with a large thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) extent V treated with a custom-made fenestrated and branched endovascular repair (F/B-EVAR) after a failed and incomplete attempt of a Sandwich repair technique.\u0000\u0000\u0000REPORT\u0000An 83-year-old patient was referred to our department after a failed attempt at endovascular repair of type V TAAA with a sandwich technique. The celiac trunk was inadvertently covered with the first endograft and a covered long superior mesenteric artery stent was placed and left facing upward inside the aorta. We performed a staged repair, by first catheterizing and stenting the celiac trunk and bringing it under and inside the main aortic endograft. In interval, a F/B-EVAR was performed using a bimodular custom-made device (CMD) with a proximal 2 branch module for the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery and distal module with fenestrations for both renal arteries. The intervention was successful, and the follow-up was uneventful at 6 months.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Re-intervention after failed endovascular attempts of TAAA repair are technically challenging and require advanced endovascular techniques. The ability to construct CMDs allowed to extend repair to our patient which had severe anatomical constraints for other techniques.","PeriodicalId":60152,"journal":{"name":"血管与腔内血管外科杂志","volume":"131 2 1","pages":"15266028221090448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79246044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"大鼠血栓闭塞性脉管炎模型建立及靶向抑制NF-κB通路对TAO大鼠病变过程的影响","authors":"田野 | 唐忠尉 | 张磊 | 胡阳 | 李新喜","doi":"10.19418/j.cnki.issn2096-0646.2021.11.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19418/j.cnki.issn2096-0646.2021.11.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":60152,"journal":{"name":"血管与腔内血管外科杂志","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142064414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Limb Ischemia in One Dose Vaccination of COVID-19","authors":"Kemas Dahlan, Yulianto Kusnadi, Edo Tondas, Daffa Faturrahman","doi":"10.36864/jinasvs.2021.2.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36864/jinasvs.2021.2.001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The extraordinary thrombotic manifestations of Corona virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, presenting as venous and arterial thrombosis have been reported in several literatures, but in this report, we presented a special case of acute limb ischemia in a patient that has been vaccinated by COVID-19 vaccine. Acute limb ischemia (ALI) is defined as decreasing in arterial perfusion of a limb with a threat to viability of the limb and mortality. COVID-19 has been declared as a global pandemic by the WHO. Patients with COVID-19 have abnormalities in blood coagulation parameters and are prone to thromboembolic events. This hypercoagulable state caused by COVID-19 mainly manifests as venous thromboembolism while peripheral arterial involvement is less frequent.\u0000\u0000Case: A 54-year diabetic and smoker male has already got one dose COVID-19 vaccination came to our emergency unit with severe acute respiratory syndrome and pain, pale and paresthesia of his left leg. There was pneumonia pattern according to chest X-ray and a ground glass opacity in chest CT-scan, he was confirmed infected by COVID-19 according to RT-PCR test. From CT-Angiography we found multiple thrombosis in the distal aorta, superficial femoral artery (SFA), anterior tibial artery (ATA), and posterior tibial artery (PTA) of left lower extremity. Initial treatment we started with unfractionated heparin, oxygenation, intravenous fluid and analgesia. We managed the patient in isolation ward special for COVID-19. We did thrombectomy to save the limb, nevertheless in few days after we performed amputation at the level of talonavicular joint to the distal part of left foot caused by gangrene.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Vaccination can protect from COVID-19 if we vaccinated with full dose and our immune system able to create antibody. The condition will be different in immunocompromised condition and we get not full dose vaccination. Covid-19 Patient with Diabetes and smoker could have higher risk to develop acute limb ischemia because of hypercoagulable state. Management of a COVID-19 patient with cute limb ischemia is more complicated and challenging. Although we have already vaccinated life style modification like wearing a mask, social distancing and using hand sanitizer can give us more protection from Covid 19.\u0000\u0000Keywords: acute limb ischemia, COVID-19 vaccination, heparinization, thrombectomy","PeriodicalId":60152,"journal":{"name":"血管与腔内血管外科杂志","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73004773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of venoplasty and stent implantation in patients with chronic venous symptoms following deep vein thrombosis in iliofemoral segment","authors":"S. Mousavi, I. Nazari, Hossain Minaee, Saman Ketabchian","doi":"10.52547/ijvset.1.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/ijvset.1.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a common vascular condition that affects 1 ‎to 3 per 1,000 persons per year. Proximal thrombosis (including iliac arteries) is at higher risk for ‎postthrombotic syndrome (PTS)‎‏ .‏‎ Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effect of ‎venoplasty by stent placement in patients with chronic venous symptoms following DVT in the ‎iliofemoral segment. ‎In this crosssectional study, patients with an age range of 20 to 70 years ‎who presented with chronic symptoms of iliofemoral obstructive venous lesion following DVT ‎were included in the study if satisfied. They were placed under local anesthesia with lidocaine and, ‎if necessary, by venous sedation under lower extremity venography by catheter with popliteal vein ‎surgery on the same side and placement of a sheet ‏ .‏‎ Variables related to before the intervention and ‎six months after the intervention were reviewed, recorded and analyzed ‏ .‏ Among 24 patients participating in the study, 70.8% were male and 29.2% were female ‎with a mean age of 51.42 ± 8.27 years. There was a significant difference in pain and wound ‎condition before and 6 months after the intervention (P <0.001). After the intervention, 58.3% of ‎patients were in painless condition and the frequency of patients without wounds increased from ‎12.5% to 66.7%. Edema changes were not significant (P = 0.29). ‎Stent implantation in patients with chronic venous symptoms following DVT in the ‎iliofemoral segment reduces pain and wound healing and is an effective, usable and practical ‎method‎.","PeriodicalId":60152,"journal":{"name":"血管与腔内血管外科杂志","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79405334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}