Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science最新文献

{"title":"The Astrophysical S Factor of the p + 7Be Radiative Capture Reaction","authors":"L. Asgari,&nbsp;H. Sadeghi","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01669-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01669-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the key nuclear processes for heavy element creation in stellar and primordial nucleosyntheses is the ⁷Be (p,<span>(gamma ))</span> ⁸B radiative capture reaction. At very low energies, Effective Field Theory (EFT) provides a model-independent framework for describing physical observables. At the energy range studied, we calculated the S-factor for the E1 transition of the p + ⁷Be Radiative Capture Reaction (0–0.5 MeV). The leading M1 contribution is relevant at energies 600 keV around the <span>({1}^{+})</span> resonance, although it is negligible. In comparison to other experimental and theoretical investigations, the astrophysical S factor values extrapolated to zero energy are determined to be S₁₇ (0) = 20.90 eV.b and S₁₇*(0) = 21.13 eV.b for EFT and EFT*, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 5","pages":"1341 - 1350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradation of Benzopyrene Molecule Using a Recombinant Laccase from Bacillus Subtilis as a Promising Candidate for Dye-Contaminated Environment","authors":"Bahareh Sargazi,&nbsp;Aliakbar Haddad-Mashadrizeh,&nbsp;Mansoor Mashreghi,&nbsp;Nematollah Razmi","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01676-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01676-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental remediation through biological methods is one of the main concerns of nations today. Benzopyrene (BP) is the main component of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and has been frequently found in the air, surface water, soil, and sediments. BP is resistant to remediation because of their low water solubility. Laccases are one of the best materials that could be employed for degradation of BP. Bacterial laccases are a high thermostable enzyme that can endure a vast range of pH; however, due to their low redox potential and activity, they have not been studied thoroughly. In this work, site specific mutation at a site near the Cu1, which is the primary electron acceptor in laccase-catalyzed oxidation, was applied to a laccase from <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> to increase laccase activity. The mutated gene cotA laccase was cloned in pET22b(+) plasmid and transformed in expression host <i>Escherichia coli</i> BL21 (DE3). The recombinant protein was produced under optimum induction (37 °C), purified and then analyzed through SDS-PAGE method. Enzyme activity was analyzed by specific laccase substrate (ABTS). further analysis was done for enzyme properties in different temperature, pH, and salt concentration. The results showed that the recombinant enzyme had a higher activity than native enzyme in the same condition. Determining biological degradation characteristics of BP using the recombinant laccase indicated that the recombinant laccase was more stable in different conditions and had a high enzyme potential. The functionality assays of these enzymes imply that the mutant-type is more potent given its affinity with the benzo[a]pyrene as the corresponding ligand and ABTS oxidation as a substrate under the in-silico and in-vitro conditions respectively. Furthermore, the Km and Vmax of the purified enzymes were determined in line with their activities, so that the mutant-type revealed 54% decrease in Km and 5.5-fold increase in Kcat and an increase in Kcat/Km parameter. In addition, through HPLC technique, the comparison of BP degradation by the natural and mutant enzymes confirmed the superior capability of the mutant enzyme in BP removal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 5","pages":"1113 - 1123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141778850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Solvability of Time-Fractional Spatio-Temporal COVID-19 Model with Non-linear Diffusion","authors":"Y. Sudha,&nbsp;V. N. Deiva Mani,&nbsp;K. Murugesan","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01663-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01663-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) is a highly contagious disease that began spreading towards the end of 2019 and quickly became a global pandemic. Despite extensive efforts taken by public health authorities and policymakers, the disease continues to persist globally. To overcome this scenario, we construct a spatio-temporal time-fractional COVID-19 model that incorporates non-linear density dependent diffusion coefficients as well as the Caputo time-fractional derivative, which captures the disease dynamics more relevantly. The main objective of this article is to explore the existence and uniqueness of global weak solutions for the proposed model. We first construct weak solutions as sequences in a finite-dimensional space. We then ensure the convergence of these sequences through energy estimates and compactness results, thereby establishing the existence of weak solutions for the proposed model using the Faedo–Galerkin method. We then prove the uniqueness of weak solutions. Finally, we study stability of the model in the Mittag–Leffler sense.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 5","pages":"1281 - 1298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141721170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Conservation Laws and Traveling Wave Solutions of a Nonlinear Evolution Equation that Accounts for Shear Strain Waves in the Growth Plate of a Long Bone","authors":"T. S. Moretlo,&nbsp;A. R. Adem,&nbsp;B. Muatjetjeja","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01626-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01626-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A nonlinear partial differential equation that accounts for shear strain waves in a long bone’s development plate is investigated. Lie group classification is performed on the underlying equation and it is found that the principal Lie algebra consists of a single time translation symmetry. The underlying analysis prompts that the principal algebra is extended by a single space translation and consequentially it is found the Lie algebra is two dimensional. A linear combination of the translation symmetries results in highly fourth-order nonlinear ordinary differential. Courtesy of an ansatz method this highly fourth-order nonlinear ordinary differential results in obtaining series of hyperbolic and trigonometric traveling wave solutions. Finally, we compute conservation laws courtesy of the invariance and multiplier technique. The findings can well mimic complex waves and their dealing dynamics in a long bone’s development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 5","pages":"1243 - 1251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Doping TiO2 Monolayer with Sn+4, Pb+4, and S-2 Ions on H2 Production by Photocatalytic Water Splitting: Periodic DFT Modeling","authors":"Nasim Orangi,&nbsp;Hossein Farrokhpour,&nbsp;Hamidreza Jouypazadeh,&nbsp;Fahimeh Eshaghzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01671-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01671-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>(Sn⁺⁴ and Pb⁺⁴) mono-doping and (Sn⁺⁴-Pb⁺⁴), (Sn⁺⁴-S^-2), and (Pb⁺⁴-S^-2) co-doping were used to investigate the performance of the water splitting activity of the (111) TiO₂ monolayer by performing periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The pure (111) monolayer with a large bandgap energy (3.9 eV) limits the absorption of sunlight. However, the pure structure has appropriate conduction band (CB) and valence band (VB) energy edges, which, respectively, are above the reduction potential of the H⁺/H₂ and below the oxidation potential of H₂O/O₂ half-reactions. Upon Sn⁺⁴ and Pb⁺⁴ mono-doping and (Sn⁺⁴-Pb⁺⁴), (Sn⁺⁴-S^-2), and (Pb⁺⁴-S^-2) co-doping, the band gap energy of the (111) TiO₂ monolayer becomes smaller than that of the corresponding pure monolayer, which increases the photocatalytic efficiency. Among the considered monolayers in this work, the Sn⁺⁴ mono-doped as well as the (Sn⁺⁴-S^-2) co-doped (111) TiO₂ monolayers, which have appropriate CB energy potential for proton reduction, are the most desirable photocatalysts for hydrogen production. It is noted that all structures particularly the Pb⁺⁴ mono-doped, (Sn⁺⁴-Pb+⁴) and (Pb⁺⁴-S^-2) co-doped (111) TiO₂ monolayers with appropriate VB edges and narrow band gap energies are good candidates for O₂ evolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 5","pages":"1351 - 1364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141548374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple Bifurcations and Chaos Control in a Coupled Network of Discrete Fractional Order Predator–Prey System","authors":"Neriman Kartal","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01665-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01665-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Discrete-time dynamical system exhibits richer dynamical behaviors such as chaos rather than continuous-time dynamical systems. In order to describe chaos in two dimensional fractional order Lesli–Gower predator–prey systems, we need to transition from fractional continuous-time dynamical systems to the discrete-time version. One of the practical ways to achieve this transition is to use piecewise constant arguments in the model. After the discretization procedure based on the use of piecewise constant arguments in the interval <span>(tin [nh, (n+1)h))</span>, we obtain a new two dimensional system of difference equations. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the stability of the equilibrium points are given by using Schur–Cohn criterions. It is also investigated the existence of possible bifurcation types about the positive equilibrium point of the discrete system. Theoretical analysis shows that the system undergoes Neimark–Sacker and flip bifurcations with respect to parameter <i>q</i>. In addition, OGY feedback control method is implemented in order to control chaos in discrete model. Bifurcations in a coupled network of the discrete predator–prey system are also examined. Numerical simulations show that when the coupling strength parameter arrives the critical value, chaotic behavior is formed in the complex dynamical networks. All of the theoretical results dealing with the stability, bifurcation and transition chaos in the coupled network are stimulated by numerical simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"93 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141518026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicon Improves Bacillus simplex Producing 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Deaminase Function in Order to Adjust Drought Stress in Wheat","authors":"Reza Soleimani","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01633-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01633-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several mechanisms that plants utilize to cope with the effects of drought stress are mediated by ethylene. However, plants utilize several mechanisms to cope with the adverse effects of drought stress through ethylene. As the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase can break ACC, the precursor of ethylene synthesis, the ACC deaminase-producing bacteria can be used to improve plant tolerance to drought stress. Silicon (Si) has beneficial effects on not only plant growth but also on environmental stresses such as drought stress. A field experiment was carried out to assess the effect of drought stress tolerant ACC deaminase-producing bacteria with and without the application of Si on the growth and yield of wheat under drought stress conditions. A novel bacteria strain, registered in the GenBank of BankIt with the Accession Number KT59926, <i>Bacillus simplex</i> UT1, was applied in this experiment. The main plots were three levels of irrigation (I) consisted of 7I level including all seven irrigation times as irrigation applied at stages of cultivation, seed germination, tillering, initial and mid-stem elongation, pre-flowering and grain-filling, five irrigation stages (5I), and three irrigation stages (3I). Sub-plots were randomly divided into four levels of treatments, including control treatment (no inoculation of bacteria, no Si application, and recommended nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and zinc fertilizers), the treatment of the application of B. simplex UT1, the treatment of the Si application as potassium silicate at the rate of 10 mg plant⁻¹, and the treatment of the combined application of B. simplex UT1 and silicon. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with four replicates (12 × 4 = 48 plots). Results indicated that the application of deficit irrigation increased the ethylene concentration of stems in all treatments, while the combined application of B. simplex UT1 and Si declined ethylene concentration. Irrigation saving (5I) decreased yield traits: grain yield (24.2%) and biological yield (26.2%), compared to the control irrigation level (7I). Combined application of B. simplex UT1 and Si decreased grain and biological yield by 12.4% and 11.5%, respectively. The application of the same treatment under the 3I level resulted in a greater increase in some yield traits including grain yield (16.1%) and biological yield (15.5%) compared to the control treatment. Significant differences in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and solute conductance as affected by the combined inoculation of bacteria strain and application of Si were observed. Therefore, the combined applications of <i>B. simplex</i> UT1 and Si were effective in the alleviation of drought stress and enhancement of wheat production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 5","pages":"1135 - 1147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conditions Which Imply a Banach Algebra is Finite Dimensional","authors":"G. H. Esslamzadeh,&nbsp;A. sahami,&nbsp;F. Taleghani","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01662-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01662-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is a long standing conjecture that every contractible Banach algebra is finite dimensional. Motivated by this problem, we provide a survey of results in which certain conditions force a Banach algebra to be finite dimensional, with shorter proofs for a couple of them. These conditions are collected in three main groups: algebraic conditions, bounded cohomology contions and functional analytic ones.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 5","pages":"1271 - 1279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eigenvalues of Generalized Shift Operators Over (ell ^p(tau )) Spaces","authors":"Mahin Hajiabootorabi,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Mardanbeigi","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01631-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01631-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this note for <span>(pin [1,+infty ))</span>, nonzero cardinal number <span>(tau )</span>, and one-to-one self-map <span>(varphi :tau rightarrow tau )</span> , we compute all possible eigenvalues of generalized shift operator <span>(sigma _{varphi }upharpoonright _{ell ^p(tau )}:ell ^p(tau )rightarrow ell ^p(tau ))</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 5","pages":"1265 - 1270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(q-)Bézier Curves with Shifted Nodes","authors":"Jaspreet Kaur,&nbsp;Meenu Goyal","doi":"10.1007/s40995-024-01653-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40995-024-01653-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article explores the applications of <i>q</i>-calculus in polynomial basis functions and curve modeling. We define the properties of <i>q</i>-Bernstein Cholodowsky basis polynomials. A novel approach to Bézier curves is introduced, utilizing basis polynomials to create generalized curves with shape-preserving properties. Additionally, the article presents degree elevation and De Casteljau algorithms tailored for these curves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":600,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science","volume":"48 6","pages":"1551 - 1560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141507511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}