下一代Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857592
Jay Sharma, A. Kaur, T. Choudhury
{"title":"Method for calculating relative performance of microprocessors for comparison under ideal state","authors":"Jay Sharma, A. Kaur, T. Choudhury","doi":"10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857592","url":null,"abstract":"Processing of digital data is a primary requirement of every industry that exists, from basic computing to advanced medical research analysis, from as simple as a music player to as complicated as an LHC (Large Hadron Collider), microprocessors are required everywhere to process the information and yield a desired output. This paper gives a deep insight about the developments in microprocessors since the initial integrated circuit (IC) came into existence and advancements in it till date. This paper also discusses about Moore's Law and its application in this field to possibly increase the performance of microprocessors. A performance equation has been formulated for relative comparison between two microprocessors under a defined Ideal State. This paper also aims to aware a user about the functioning of microprocessors with a brief history to cover up the lack of understanding about processors.","PeriodicalId":59618,"journal":{"name":"下一代","volume":"27 1","pages":"67-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73456048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
下一代Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857608
Chaitanya Kulkarni
{"title":"A qualitative approach for refactoring of code clone opportunities using graph and tree methods","authors":"Chaitanya Kulkarni","doi":"10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857608","url":null,"abstract":"Reusing of code has been a very common practice in software development. This practice has been implemented to reduce programming time and efforts greatly. This copying and pasting behavior of programmers leads to cloning of codes and therefore has a very serious impact on the maintenance of the software systems. Many clone detection tool has been proposed to find out the copied code. However, refactoring of code is still a challenging part as most of the ongoing tools depend on detection of clone rather than the ability to make decision on refactorability. These tools do not guarantee whether such codes can be safely refactored or not. Our aim mainly lies on detecting the possibility of refactoring a code. To find out whether the code clone can be securely refactored or not, three methods are applied: Nesting Structure Mapping, Statement Mapping and Precondition Examination. In order to refactor the code, we apply some techniques like Pull-Up Method and Push-Down Method. In our approach, we have tried to find the refactorable code using the methods and also refactored the code so as to remove the problem of code cloning.","PeriodicalId":59618,"journal":{"name":"下一代","volume":"27 1","pages":"154-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84294037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
下一代Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857599
Rohan Gupta, Smriti Sehgal
{"title":"Gray-scale image enhancement using differential evolution optimization algorithm","authors":"Rohan Gupta, Smriti Sehgal","doi":"10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857599","url":null,"abstract":"Differential Evolution algorithm (DE) is a search method that iteratively searches for the solutions of machine learning and engineering problems that involve optimization. This paper aims at displaying the effectiveness and adaptability of the DE algorithm to find the global optimal solutions iteratively for contrast enhancement of grayscale images. An image's contrast can be modified by gray-level adjustments to the pixel intensities of the original image with the help of a parameterized intensity transformation function. A quality function is used to judge the quality of the enhanced images which incorporates various conditions of image enhancement and is used as the fitness criterion. The Differential Evolution algorithm aims at maximizing the fitness function through adjustments to variables of the pixel intensity transformation function.","PeriodicalId":59618,"journal":{"name":"下一代","volume":"40 1","pages":"103-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85211753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
下一代Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857609
S. Gangwar, Ankit Madnawat, Paurush Bhulania
{"title":"Prototype of household inverter using dual-axis solar tracker to overcome shortage of energy","authors":"S. Gangwar, Ankit Madnawat, Paurush Bhulania","doi":"10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857609","url":null,"abstract":"Energy crisis is one of the biggest problems in developing countries. There is a big gap between generation and demand of Electric energy. Since the deposits of Non-renewable energy are limited, the only solution is to use Renewable energy. Solar energy which is present in abundance can play a vital role to overcome the energy deficiency. The potential of solar voltaic energy can also be exploited for averting environmental pollution and managing atmospheric emission. This research paper provides a proposal for design of an inverter using dual axis solar tracker installed on rooftop. The paper focuses on presenting the structure and application of a microcontroller based dual axis solar tracker which tracks the direction of the solar radiation thereby adjusting the movement of solar panel accordingly. This facilitates the sun to remain perpendicular to the PV panel throughout the day which makes the total energy received to be increased by 50–60%. The energy hence received gets stored in a chargeable battery. This battery has an inverter attached to it so that whenever there is a power-cut, the stored energy may be used to light up the appliances. The stated research aims at minimizing the dependence on power from national grid station to meet the daily energy requirements in both urban and rural areas of the country.","PeriodicalId":59618,"journal":{"name":"下一代","volume":"1 1","pages":"160-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79804043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
下一代Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857602
Rajesh Kumar, S. Srivastava, J. Gupta
{"title":"Time series prediction using focused time lagged radial basis function network","authors":"Rajesh Kumar, S. Srivastava, J. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857602","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper temporal processing of time series function has been done using radial basis function network. Radial basis function network structure is actually static but it has been converted into dynamic one using memory component. Proposed dynamic radial basis function network is called as focused time lagged radial basis function network (FTLRBFN). In a time series function, output at any given instant of time depends on the past values of the inputs. This feature is exploited while implementing the FTLRBFN. Back propagation algorithm based on gradient descent principle is used to adjust the parameters of radial basis function network. The proposed FTLRBFN is also implemented to simulate the complex time series function. The results so obtained show that FTLRBFN is effective in approximating any complex time series function. Comparison in terms of average mean square error is also made when multi layer feed forward neural network (MLFFNN) is used in the proposed scheme. It is found that the proposed scheme with radial basis function network has given less average mean square error as compared to that obtained with MLFFNN in the scheme.","PeriodicalId":59618,"journal":{"name":"下一代","volume":"98 1","pages":"121-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82851041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
下一代Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857628
Simarjeet Kaur, Shivani Sharma
{"title":"Performance evaluation based improved data communication with lossy links for wireless sensor networks","authors":"Simarjeet Kaur, Shivani Sharma","doi":"10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857628","url":null,"abstract":"In the applying based WSNs issue, energy and bandwidth of those items are respected strategies and essential to obtain proficiently. Information collected at the base station by distinct nodes sparks the excess of information which effects in optimum energy usage. To reduce this dilemma a whole new data aggregation method has been in the offing called distributed likeness based clustering and squeezed forwarding that has increased the efficiency of the WSNs utilizing the group based data aggregation. This accomplish has particular in assessing the performance of nodes aimed DEA protocol. That comparison has demonstrated that the outcomes of in the offing accomplish are quite a lot better compared to prevailing results.","PeriodicalId":59618,"journal":{"name":"下一代","volume":"1 1","pages":"261-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90760596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
下一代Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857615
Diksha Goyal, Awadhesh Kumar Singh
{"title":"On efficient multicasting in cognitive radio networks","authors":"Diksha Goyal, Awadhesh Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857615","url":null,"abstract":"Multicasting uses single transmission to send data to multiple destinations. Thus, minimizes the usage of resource like bandwidth, time and connection costs. In cognitive radio networks (CRNs), arrival of primary user (PU) at a particular channel causes the secondary user (SU) to terminate its communication. Hence, the potential of multicasting is restricted in CRNs due to uncertainty among channel caused by PU sudden appearance. This article presents multicast protocol where activities of PUs are modeled along with channel allocation. We propose an approach which performs local route repair procedure due to onset of PU and thereby avoiding end to end reroute procedures. The performance evaluation is conducted using NS2 simulator (CRCN patch) to outperform the proposed work.","PeriodicalId":59618,"journal":{"name":"下一代","volume":"51 1","pages":"192-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91239306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
下一代Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857627
S. Salwe, R. Raut, P. Hajare
{"title":"Brain tumor pixels detection using adaptive wavelet based histogram thresholding and fine windowing","authors":"S. Salwe, R. Raut, P. Hajare","doi":"10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857627","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, image processing had covered a wide area over medical applications in diagnosis of wide variety of diseases in medical images. Brain tumor detection is one of the most widely used applications by vast researchers. In this paper a novel approach is presented for detection of affected mass (tumor) in magnetic resonance images (MRI). Two level wavelet transform is used to decompose the brain image with mother wavelet ‘db6’. The horizontal, vertical and the diagonal components at both the levels are further decomposed to level five using histogram for each of the component using one dimensional wavelet transform. By finding global minima at level five, and then mapped at the component histogram, a threshold value is found out. The component then is thresholded using this adaptive threshold. The original image is then reconstructed with the obtained components using this course segmentation. The approximation component at level one is unaltered. Lastly a windowing technique is used to eliminate the false detection due to light in-homogeneity or due to hard tissues, which uses a window based threshold. Results after fine segmentation showed that normal patient images showed complete black region in the final segmented image whereas malignant images showed the region of interest after segmentation. The MRI images from a research institute were obtained and the results after segmentation were validated from an expert from the same research institute.","PeriodicalId":59618,"journal":{"name":"下一代","volume":"95 1","pages":"256-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79862050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
下一代Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857597
Manpreet Singh Sohal, R. Bajaj
{"title":"Sensor based communication kit for impaired society using hand gestures","authors":"Manpreet Singh Sohal, R. Bajaj","doi":"10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857597","url":null,"abstract":"A gesture is used to classify and recognize a signal that enables communication among the impaired community Gestures found their existence long times back in the history pages. They have always been an effective way of communication for those who are unable to express themselves through simple communication just like a normal being. As a way of expressing oneself gestures have found far more importance in research as they are being implemented in some way to give rise to a new thinking that can help cover the specific tasks. This article covers the aspect of the dumb community in a way that can be helpful for them to express their views. The disabled people just need to wear the wrist kit and provide connectivity with the database and look up for the matched gesture. The database has a vast collection of gestures and will display the gesture along with audio depicting the specific meaning of the gesture. The device is portable that facilitates communication between the impaired and the normal society.","PeriodicalId":59618,"journal":{"name":"下一代","volume":"18 1","pages":"93-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89955935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
下一代Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857588
Prianka Agrawal, G. Chitranshi
{"title":"Internet of Things for monitoring the environmental parameters","authors":"Prianka Agrawal, G. Chitranshi","doi":"10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/INCITE.2016.7857588","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid growth in the infrastructure and industrial automation is creating environmental problems. In controlling the environment with pollutants researchers have develop strategies for monitoring the parameters and issues related to environment. This paper introduces the design of web server using internet of things based on ATmega328 and Ethernet Shield W5100 Ethernet controller chip with some I/O devices. To create an HTML webpage for that it need an IP address of Server side and enter into the browser like Internet Browser, Firefox and Google Chrome at client side. Input/output devices are LM35 temperature sensor, Rain sensor, BMP180 pressure. Temperature, Pressure, Altitude and Rain conditions are monitored and a system is developed and tested wherein in emergency situation various devices are controlled in real time.","PeriodicalId":59618,"journal":{"name":"下一代","volume":"50 1","pages":"48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79526157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}