Haobo Pang, Xiaopeng Yin, Zhiguo Jake Song, Michael T. Corbett, Bing Zhang, Jing Zhao
{"title":"Formal Synthesis of HIF-2α Inhibitor Casdatifan (AB521): Stereospecific Copper(I)-Mediated Ring Opening of Chiral 2-Aryl-cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate with Aryl Grignard Reagents","authors":"Haobo Pang, Xiaopeng Yin, Zhiguo Jake Song, Michael T. Corbett, Bing Zhang, Jing Zhao","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01249","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01249","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the development of a cost-effective synthesis of the HIF-2α inhibitor casdatifan (AB521), an alternative formal synthesis was demonstrated containing the following features: (1) preparation of chiral 2-aryl-cyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate <strong>10</strong> from readily available chiral 1,2-diols; (2) a novel stereospecific copper(I)-catalyzed cyclopropane opening of <strong>10</strong> with a functionalized aryl Grignard reagent to form intermediate <strong>14</strong> with a stereocenter that is difficult to access; and (3) a late-stage Friedel–Crafts reaction to form the tetralin ring, leading to the key diketone intermediate <strong>7</strong> for the established manufacturing route of casdatifan.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"91 44","pages":"14806–14811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149241607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiaqi Huang, Jiwei Li, Yuwei Zeng, Qichen Li, Yueyue Jia, Feng Liang, Zhenzhen Hu, You Mao, Jiangwei Tian, Min Yang
{"title":"Photoinduced Selective Cyclization Cascades of Unactivated N-alkene-Linked Indoles with the Insertion of Sulfur Dioxide and Its Preliminary Application Investigation","authors":"Jiaqi Huang, Jiwei Li, Yuwei Zeng, Qichen Li, Yueyue Jia, Feng Liang, Zhenzhen Hu, You Mao, Jiangwei Tian, Min Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01943","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01943","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photoinduced selective cyclization cascades of unactivated <em>N</em>-alkene-linked indoles with the insertion of sulfur dioxide were established, generating diverse <em>exo</em>- or <em>endo-trig</em>-cyclization products with a broad substrate scope in moderate to good yields. The mechanistic study revealed that selective radical addition, cyclization and radical-polar-crossover (RPC) process were involved in this transformation. We next deliverd a preliminary application investigation, and found that <strong>3wj</strong> exhibited significant inhibitory effect on B16F10 cells, most showed a significant photophysical property, and some were applied as fluorescent dyes into live-cell imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"91 44","pages":"15064–15077"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149226582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Room-Temperature Palladium-Catalyzed Aminative Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling of Arylthianthrenium Salts and Mechanistic Studies","authors":"Bo-Sheng Zhang, Xin-Yue Fu, Feng Zhang, Long-Sheng Wang, Ke-Hu Wang, Xi-Cun Wang, Xue-Ya Gou, Yulai Hu, Yong-Min Liang","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c02280","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c02280","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of novel catalytic transformations that repurpose classical reagents to directly access structurally diverse products from the same starting materials has garnered significant interest. By eliminating the need to separately synthesize and purify new reagents, the chemical space reachable from existing functionalized intermediates can be increased multifold. Nitrogen insertion strategies can convert the C–C bond formed in traditional Suzuki–Miyaura coupling into a C–N–C bond, substantially expanding the explorable chemical space. Herein, building upon the arylthianthrenium salt strategy, we have developed a room-temperature palladium-catalyzed nitrogen-atom insertion coupling reaction, providing a new retrosynthetic disconnection strategy that can be directly applied to the late-stage functionalization (LSF) of complex drug molecules. Notably, this intermolecular three-component aminative coupling proceeds smoothly at room temperature, which not only aligns with the principles of green chemistry by obviating the need for heating apparatus and light-irradiation equipment, but also reduces energy consumption while enhancing reaction safety. To probe the mechanism, control experiments were conducted, and the catalytic reaction was monitored by NMR spectroscopy. Based on these results and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the barrier for the overall rate-determining step is only 16.5 kcal/mol, explaining the room-temperature reactivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"91 44","pages":"15139–15147"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149241895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanism and Origin of Regio- and Stereoselectivity in the Synthesis of Benzazocines via Palladium-Catalyzed [6+2] Annulation of Allenyl Benzoxazinanones with Terminal Allenes","authors":"Jinglong Xin, Aili Feng, Jihong Xu, Yanling Zhao, Dongju Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01402","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01402","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Density functional theory calculations were carried out to elucidate the mechanism and the origin of regio- and stereoselectivity in the palladium-catalyzed [6+2] annulation of allenyl benzoxazinanones with terminal allenes. An unconventional oxidative addition–reductive elimination mechanism was revealed. The reaction starts with S<sub>N</sub>2-type oxidative addition of the substrate to Pd<sup>0</sup>, followed by decarboxylation to afford a π-allylpalladium intermediate. Pathway bifurcation leads to competing [6+2] and [4+2] annulations, and the more stable seven-membered palladacycle kinetically favors the [6+2] pathway and inhibits the [4+2] side reaction. Distortion/interaction analysis indicates that the exclusive <em>Z</em>-selectivity originates from the larger structural distortion of the <em>E</em>-configured transition state. Different from conventional three-center reductive elimination, the reaction proceeds via a zwitterionic-intermediate-mediated nucleophilic coupling pathway, which acts as the rate-limiting step with an overall barrier of 21.3 kcal/mol. This work rationalizes experimental selectivity and offers theoretical guidance for the design of related Pd-catalyzed annulation reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"91 44","pages":"14823–14832"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149226579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Egor A. Drokin, Vladimir A. Abramov, Maxim A. Topchiy, Dilshodakhon K. Isaeva, Irina P. Beletskaya, Andrey F. Asachenko
{"title":"Photoredox α-Alkylation of Phosphonates by Styrenes","authors":"Egor A. Drokin, Vladimir A. Abramov, Maxim A. Topchiy, Dilshodakhon K. Isaeva, Irina P. Beletskaya, Andrey F. Asachenko","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c02170","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c02170","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A new protocol for photocatalyzed regioselective α-alkylation of alkyl phosphonates with styrenes without the use of transition metals has been developed. The monoalkylation reaction occurs in 10 min using 0.1 mol % of the 4DPA<sup>F</sup>IPN photocatalyst. Conditions for the double addition of styrenes to phosphonates have also been found, enabling the regioselective addition of two different styrenes to a phosphonate. This method provides high yields and good tolerance of functional groups. This protocol has also been successfully applied on a gram scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"91 44","pages":"15125–15130"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149230268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Annulative Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling for the Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Near-Infrared PAH[b]-Fused BODIPYs","authors":"Xiaowei Zhang, Yongli Zhang, Peixin Li, Ruihan Yang, Yanni Li, Yunfei Zhi, Tianding Hu, Shaoyun Shan, Yanhua Yang, Xiangguang Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01809","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01809","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A one-pot annulative Suzuki–Miyaura strategy was developed for the synthesis of highly fluorescent, near-infrared (NIR)-emissive polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-fused BODIPYs. Tetrahalogenated BODIPYs reacted with 1,2-bis(pinacolato)boryl arene or alkene via a fourfold cross-coupling/annulation cascade under Pd(PPh<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub> catalysis, furnishing phenanthro[<em>b</em>]- or naphtho[<em>b</em>]-fused products in 32–70% yields without isolation of intermediates. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed slightly twisted frameworks (dihedral angles: 3.17–10.01°), and NICS(0) calculations confirmed strong local aromaticity. Photophysical studies displayed intense absorption at 658–675 nm and narrow NIR emission at 670–690 nm, together with small Stokes shifts (≤322 cm<sup>–1</sup>) and high fluorescence quantum yields (Φ<sub>F</sub> = 0.46–0.68). Their weak solvatochromism and substantial HOMO–LUMO overlap indicate that the emissive excited states are predominantly locally excited (LE) in character. Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated narrow electrochemical band gaps (1.51–1.70 eV) and low LUMO energy levels (–3.82 to –3.88 eV for <strong>3a–c</strong> and <strong>4e</strong>), while DFT and TD-DFT calculations showed that the lowest-energy excitation is dominated by a HOMO → LUMO π → π* transition. This modular annulation strategy provides concise access to rigid PAH-fused BODIPYs that combine efficient NIR emission with high fluorescence efficiency, offering a versatile platform for the development of advanced NIR fluorophores.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"91 44","pages":"14975–14986"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149241899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Substrate-Controlled Copper-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Carboarylation-Ring Closure of Alkynyl Benzylphosphonates with Diaryliodonium Salts","authors":"Xingyu Tu, Bo Jiang, Danqing Wu, Xihao Niu, Zihao Jin, Zhiwei Miao","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01751","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01751","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Herein, we report a copper-catalyzed, substrate-controlled regiodivergent carboarylation-ring closure of alkynyl benzylphosphonates with diaryliodonium salts. This protocol provides access to a range of 1,2-oxaphosphepine 2-oxides and phosphaisocoumarins in moderate to good yields from the same class of substrates. The electronic nature of the substituent on the alkyne moiety plays a key role in controlling regioselectivity: alkynyl benzylphosphonates bearing electron-donating groups selectively afford 1,2-oxaphosphepine 2-oxides, whereas substrates bearing electron-withdrawing groups furnish the corresponding phosphaisocoumarins.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"91 44","pages":"14914–14922"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149248753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanoop P. Chandrasekharan, Usha Yadav, Indrajith K. Biju, Shreeya Srivastava, Kishor Mohanan
{"title":"Defluorinative [3 + 3] Annulation Reaction of α-Fluoroacetamides with 2-Trifluoromethylalkenes for the Formation of Densely Functionalized Difluorinated δ-Lactams","authors":"Sanoop P. Chandrasekharan, Usha Yadav, Indrajith K. Biju, Shreeya Srivastava, Kishor Mohanan","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01845","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01845","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The work reported herein details a generalized [3 + 3] annulation approach for the construction of an important class of difluorinated <em>δ</em>-lactam motifs using <em>α</em>-fluoroacetamides and 2-CF<sub>3</sub>-1,3-enynes. The key to this advancement lies in the strategic use of <em>α</em>-fluoro-<em>β</em>-ketoamide as a 1,3-binucleophilic synthon and 2-CF<sub>3</sub>-1,3-enyne as a 1,3-dielectrophilic species. Mechanistically, the reaction proceeds through a sequential nucleophilic substitution of an allylic fluorine atom (S<sub>N</sub>2′) followed by a ring-closing nucleophilic vinylic fluorine atom substitution (S<sub>N</sub>V) cascade, involving <em>α</em>-fluoroacetamides and CF<sub>3</sub>-enynes. Moreover, we successfully leveraged <em>α</em>-fluoromalonamates as a useful 1,3-binucleophilic synthon in place of <em>α</em>-fluoroacetamides.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"91 44","pages":"15003–15014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149251013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Unified Phosgene-Free Carbonylation Using CO2 for the Synthesis of Ureas, Carbamates, Carbonates, Amides, and Formamides","authors":"Lalit Malkania, Arun Kumar, Varun Kumar, Anil Rana, Pankaj Sharma, Nutan Sharma, Nidhi Sharma, Naveen Yadav, Dinesh Mahajan","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01831","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01831","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Phosgene remains a privileged reagent for carbonylation; however, its extreme toxicity and stringent regulatory controls often restrict its routine and broad application. Herein, we describe a unified CO<sub>2</sub>-based carbonylation platform for the synthesis of ureas, (thio)carbamates, (thio)carbonates, amides, and formamides under mild, metal-free conditions. The method employs readily available phosphorus(V) activators to generate transient phosphorus-activated carbonyl species that selectively react with amines, alcohols, thiols, hydrides, and organometallic reagents, enabling a one-pot, three-component protocol that telescopes multi-step phosgene-based sequences into a single operation. This approach eliminates the need for phosgene and other preactivated carbonylating reagents. Mechanistic studies are most consistent with the involvement of a transient phosphorus-mediated carbonylating species, conceptually analogous to electrophilic carbonyl transfer in biological systems, although its precise identity remains unresolved. The synthetic utility of the platform is demonstrated by the 25 g synthesis of the anticancer drug sorafenib using POCl<sub>3</sub> as the activator. By harnessing CO<sub>2</sub> as a C1 synthon, this strategy addresses a long-standing challenge in electrophilic carbonylation and provides an operationally simple and complementary alternative to phosgene-based methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"91 44","pages":"14993–15002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149251014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of 2-Amidothiophenes via Fiesselmann-Type Annulation of Activated Ynamides","authors":"Marco Menghini, Laurence Miesch","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01134","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c01134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A base-promoted hydrothiolation of activated ynamides using ethyl thioglycolate as the thiol partner, followed by intramolecular cyclization, enables a regioselective synthesis of functionalized 2-amidothiophenes. The method tolerates diverse functional groups, accommodates various electron-withdrawing substituents, and applies to a broad range of internal ynamides. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions, is scalable and air-tolerant, and provides rapid access to synthetically valuable 2-amidothiophene scaffolds. This method establishes a versatile platform for the construction of diverse functionalized heterocycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"91 44","pages":"14772–14781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149275017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}