病理学期刊(英文)最新文献

{"title":"Primary Urethral Malignant Melanoma in an Elder Woman Diagnosed by Urine Cytology","authors":"K. Niwa, T. Ishihara, S. Mori, Keigo Kuwabara, S. Murase, M. Takenaka, Y. Yamaguchi, Takuji Tanaka","doi":"10.4236/ojpathology.2020.101002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpathology.2020.101002","url":null,"abstract":"Primary urethral malignant melanoma is an extremely rare malignancy with early metastasis and often delayed diagnosis, resulted in poor prognosis. Literature on this entity, especially with regard to urinary cytology is limited. We report here an extremely rare case of primary urethral malignant melanoma (MM) developed in a 95-year-old Japanese woman. A urinalysis showed macrophages containing brown granular pigments, and the urinary cytology was positive for atypical cells containing brown pigments suggestive of MM. Pathological examination of the biopsy specimen from the tumor revealed MM of the urethra. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed strong cytoplasmic reactivities against antibodies, HMB-45 and Malan-A. Melanoma cells were immunohistochemically positive for c-Kit in their cytoplasm and cell membrane, although mutations in BRAF V600E and N/K-RAS were not detected. The urinary cytology and immunohistochemistry were useful for the rapid and accurate diagnosis for the urethral MM.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"10 1","pages":"16-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70494710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Cancer: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects in Pointe Noire (Congo Brazzaville)","authors":"C. F. Ngatali, A. B. Liboko, E. Ndounga, Y. Mabila, D. Moukassa, J. B. Nkoua-Mbon, P. E. S. Bandzouzi, L. M. A. Boumba","doi":"10.4236/ojpathology.2019.94009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpathology.2019.94009","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. The objective of our study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of breast cancer at the General Hospital of Loandjili in Pointe Noire. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive and cross-sectional study that took place in the Cancer Department of the General Hospital of Loandjili in Pointe Noire during the period from January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2016 for duration of 5 years. 54 records of patients over 18 years of age with histological evidence were collected. The variables studied were: age, level of education, time to presentation, telltale sign, stage of extension, histological type, and histological grade. Chi-square test was used to compare variables and groups. Results: At the end of this study, we collected 54 files of breast cancer patients from 150 patients hospitalized in the Cancer Department. The frequency of breast cancer was 36%. The average age was 50 ± 13.6 years; the extremes were 27 years and 79 years. The most represented age group was from 37 to 40 years old with a percentage of 28%. The patient’s level of study was primary in the majority of cases (57%). The most represented histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma, (100%). The majority of patients arrived at advanced stages 44.4% and metastatic stages 26%. Patients were treated in most of cases by chemotherapy (82%), surgery (42%) and radiotherapy (10%). There was a correlation between time of presentation and stage of extension. Conclusion: Breast cancer is the first cancer of the woman in Pointe Noire. Patients arrive at advanced stages; the most common histological type is invasive ductal carcinoma. The presentation time is correlated with the extension stage. These results suggest the establishment of a cancer control program in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45358589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic Breast Cancer Survival in Pointe Noire: Analysis of 30 Cases","authors":"C. F. Ngatali, A. B. Liboko, M. Eouani, L. M. A. Boumba, P. E. S. Bandzouzi, E. Ndounga, Y. Mabila, D. Moukassa, J. B. Nkoua-Mbon","doi":"10.4236/ojpathology.2019.94010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpathology.2019.94010","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. About 5% to 10% of breast cancer patients present with metastases. While the 5-year survival of patients with local breast cancer varies around 98.8%, this survival rate drops to around 26.3% for metastatic patients. The objective of this study was to determine the survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer in resource-limited settings. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study that took place in the Cancer Department of the General Hospital of Loandjili in Pointe Noire during the period from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2018, for duration of 6 years. 30 records of patients over 18 years of age and with histological evidence who received at least 3 courses of chemotherapy were collected. The variables studied were: age, level of education, socio-economic level, menopausal status, history, WHO status, menopausal status, tumor size, histological type, tumor location, the type of treatment and survival. Survival was calculated by Kaplan Meier method. Fisher’s exact test was used to search for correlation between variables. Results: The average age was 52.62 ± 10.96 years old. The extremes were 33 years and 75 years old. The most represented level of education was the primary level in 67% of cases. The majority of patients had low socioeconomic status in 50% of cases. The patients were menopausal in 57% of cases. The antecedents of cancer were present in 13% of cases. 50% of patients had a WHO status performance at 2. The tumor size was greater than 2 cm in 77% of cases. The most represented histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma in 93% of cases. The most represented histological grade was Scharff grade III Richardson bloom in 80% of cases. The most represented metastatic localization was pulmonary in 33% of cases. The metastatic localizations were unique in 47% of cases and multiple in 53% of cases. Anthracycline-based chemotherapy was more used in 53% of cases. Bivariate analysis revealed a correlation between tumor size and number of metastases, p 0.05. Patients treated with anthracyclines were greater than that of patients treated with taxanes in combination was 26.48 months, p > 0.05. Conclusion: Metastatic breast cancer remains an incurable disease, its survival remains low despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances that remain difficult to access for our resource-poor developing countries. Patients are treated with conventional chemotherapy (anthracyclines and taxanes). The most common metastases are respectively pulmonary, hepatic and cerebral in our context.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45913297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undifferentiated Uterine Sarcoma: A Rare Cause of Pelvic Pain in Young Woman","authors":"F. N. Rakotondrainibe, Z. I. Raivoherivony, N. Randrianjafisamindrakotroka","doi":"10.4236/ojpathology.2019.94008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpathology.2019.94008","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case of undifferentiated uterine sarcoma occurring in a 20-year-old woman presenting as a pelvic pain with a mass discovered at the physical examination. The tumor ruptured into the abdominal cavity. A total hysterectomy was performed. On the pathological examination, the uterine corpus presents a proliferation of markedly atypical spindle cells admixed with round cells and pleomorphic cells. The tumor deeply infiltrated the myometrium. The tumor was very necrotizing. There were more than 50 mitoses per 10 fields at high magnification. The isthmus was invaded by the tumor. The diagnosis of undifferentiated uterine sarcoma was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. The tumor shows negativity for the following markers: CKAE1/AE3, h-caldesmon, α-SMA, progesterone receptors, desmin, CD 10, alpha foeto-protein, CD 3 and CD 20.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44872806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal Ventriculomegaly and Outcomes: About 3 Cases","authors":"M. Diallo, H. Poaty, Simon Azonbankin, O. Faye, F. Gangbo","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.93005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.93005","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ventriculomegaly is one of the most common abnormalities detected by prenatal ultrasound. This entity can be associated with brain abnormalities and other malformations. In order to perform a good prenatal counseling, the diagnosis is essential. Objective: Our purpose was to report the management of 3 cases of ventriculomegaly in our practice and underline the benefits of the neuropathologic exam. Methods: We analyzed retrospectively 3 medical files concerning fetus that were diagnosed as having one or two ventricles of >10 mm and a follow up for prenatal diagnosis. Results: All cases were diagnosed between 22 and 27 weeks of gestation by an ultrasound. In a case, the ventriculomegaly evolved rapidly to a hydrocephalus. In two cases, the pregnancy was terminated with medical interruption by the parent’s request. Amniocentesis confirmed the diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis in case 2 there were no chromosomal abnormalities after karyotyping. Causes included holoprosencephaly, congenital toxoplasmosis and mesencephalosynapsis. Conclusion: Ultrasonography may detect ventriculomegaly nerverthless in the cases presented, pathology exam was essential to assess the diagnostic. Causes are numerous and prognosis variable. We recommand MRI that is more and more accessible in our regions in the follow up of this entity and neuropathology exam in case of termination of the pregnancy. The establishment of main causes of ventriculomegaly in our regions (infectious causes for example) could help to prevent this outcome in our practice.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44336350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of HER Receptor Proteins in Prostate Adenocarcinoma: A Perspective from North Central Nigeria","authors":"O. Ajetunmobi, U. Drebber, R. Buettner, O. Dzuachii, R. A. Vhritherire, O. Oguntunde, O. Raphael, O. Odujoko","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.93007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.93007","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Members of the Human Epidermal Receptor [HER] family of receptor tyrosine kinases, such as HER2 and EGFR proteins are overexpressed in several epithelial malignancies and serve as effective therapeutic targets in cancer management. However, their role in prostate cancer development has been sparingly explored and with contrasting findings. Notably their relationship with prostate cancers cases seen in Sub-Saharan Africa is yet to be explored. Design: A retrospective study involving histologically diagnosed cases of adenocarcinomas of the prostate. Cases were classed according to the WHO/ISUP Gleason Prognostic groups [G1 - G5]. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using monoclonal antibodies for HER2 and EGFR, while in situ hybridization employed DNA probes for the corresponding genes. Scores of +2 and +3 were regarded as positive for both antibodies, while a target gene: centromere ratio of >2 was set as the threshold for amplification. Results: A total of 44 cases were included in the study. The acinar type was the commonest morphologically, with Gleason group 5 [Gleason scores 8 - 10] accounting for close to half of the cases [47.7%]. The HER2 antibody stained negatively in the majority of cases [93.2%], being positive in only 3 [6.8%] of cases seen. High level expression of EGFR [+2/+3] was observed in 25% of cases, low level expression was identified in 6 [13.6%] cases. All HER2 positive malignancies displayed overexpression of EGFR. In situ-hybridization revealed the absence of high level amplification for both HER2 and EGFR, while polysomy was not detected in any of the cases. Conclusion: The overexpression of EGFR in prostate cancers has been demonstrated in a native African population, affirming its suitability for targeted therapy. Overexpression of HER2 in prostate cancer is inconstant, and amplification of the HER2 gene is less frequent than as compared to malignancies of the Breast and Ovary. There’s a need for a standardized protocol for assessing HER2 in prostate cancer.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42963093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical Pathology Laboratory Activity in Meknes, Morocco","authors":"H. Hilali, F. E. Hilali, B. Traoré, F. Laziri","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.93006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.93006","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer continues to be a major health problem in the world. During 2018, there were 9.6 million deaths and 18.1 million new cases registered across the globe. It is estimated that one in 5 men and one in 6 women will develop cancer during their lifetime. This disease kills one in 8 men and one in 11 women. Developing countries have seen an increase in cancer occurrence and change in type of cancers due to change in social and economic conditions. The objective of this research was to further evaluate 1659 specimens for anatomical pathology testing. The data was collected from the records of the pathological anatomy laboratory at the Mohamed V Hospital in Meknes, Morocco. It is one-year study period (January-December 2013). Results of the anatomy pathology exam showed cancer positive for 9.6% of specimens; inconclusive for 1%; and negative for 66.2%. For all specimens, the most analyzed organs are breast with 29.7%; skin with 21.3%; cervical with 2.6%. For cancer patients, the most affected organs are skin (21.3%) and breast (29.7%). For cancer patients, Neoplasm is present in 9.3% of patients. Patients with metastatic cancer represent 0.3%. Patients with non-neoplastic lesions represent 66.2%. 1% of patients represent uncertain results. Additional immunohistochemistry research is needed before conclusive recommendations are made.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45766482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Correlation between Histochemical Patterns of Connective Tissue Fibers and AgNORs in Breast Lesions","authors":"A. Elasbali","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.92004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.92004","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The precise histopathologic diagnosis of a breast lesion is the first step towards the most appropriate inclusive patient’s management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between histochemical patterns of connective tissue fibers and NORs in breast lesions. Methodology: Patients with breast cancer (n = 25) were ascertained as the case group, and those with benign breast lesions were ascertained as a control group (n = 25). Histochemical evaluations of elastic fibers, reticular fibers and mean AgNORs count were performed for all study subjects. Results: Elastic fibers intensity was brought into being lessening in benign lesions and upturns in the direction of malignant lesions. The intensity of elastic fibers was found to intensify with rises of neoplastic changes in breast cancer and this was found to be statistically significant P < 0.001. Mean AgNORs counts displayed increased clusters among malignant cases equated to benign ones. Mean AgNORs count significantly increased with neoplastic proliferation P < 0.005. Conclusion: Demonstration of connective tissue fibers (particularly elastic fibers) can strength the diagnostic evidence for conventional histopathology diagnosis. Mean AgNORs count can merge as an important quantitative marker in breast cancer diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42777104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Different Types of Micro-Organisms and Levels of Complement C5a in Patients with Acute-Phase Wound Infections","authors":"M. Al-Jebouri, Balsam Yahya R. Al-Mahmood","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.92003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.92003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An acute wound infection might be caused by external damage to the skin including abrasions, lacerations, bites, burns, accidents, war injuries and surgical incisions. When a wound fails to heal within a week, it should be considered a chronic type. Complement system potent inflammatory cascade in wound infection, is important and altered wound healing. Complement activation leads to the generation of many potent effectors including anaphylatoxin C5a. C5a has induced synthesis of TNF-α and IL-1β in macrophage and monocyte which are all together the goal of the present paper. Methodology: This study was conducted in Al-Kindy and Al-Wasity hospitals in Baghdad on 200 patients suffering from wounds. One hundred patients were with acute wounds infection and the other 100 patients considered as control wounds i.e. without infection. The procedure method was followed according to manufacturer’s instructions (Elabscience, USA) utilizing C5a ELISA kit for conducting the test. Blood samples were taken at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 hours of hospitalization of the patients. Results: It was found that the highest concentration of C5a was found at 120 hours after patients hospitalization who were with wound infection, and the mean value of C5a was 4898 pg/ml. 4661 pg/ml of C5a was recorded among patients with acute-phase infection compared to 4387 pg/ml concentration of the same complement among control group without wound infection at 96 hours post residence in hospital. Conclusions: Gram-positive bacteria were more prevalent causing wound infections. Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis, Kocuria rosea and Kocuria kristinae were isolated for the first time in this locality. A complement 5a (C5a) revealed a very high concentration in acute-phase of wound infections. It was found that C5a was serially elevated with time of hospitalization of wounded and infected patients. C5a was highly elevated with wound infection by Gram-negative bacteria compared to infections by Gram-negatives.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42820270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing of Sertoli-Cell-Only Syndrome and Other Histopathological Abnormalities in Iraqi Males with Primary Infertility of Azoospermia","authors":"M. Al-Jebouri, Salih A. Mdish","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.91002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2019.91002","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to investigate the histopathological examination of the testicular biopsies in infertile males with azoospermia. The patients were referred to the Urology Department in Salah Alden Hospital. Methods: The present study was carried out from May 2017 until June 2018 and the number of the patients group was 60. The patients aged between 20 to 50 years. 20 of them were selected and subjected to histopathological examinations by taking biopsies from their testes. Results: The sertoli-cell-only syndrome (SCOS) was the most common positive histopathological finding comprising 35% of the cases. This was followed by testicular atrophy with 30%, while maturation arrest was 20%. The percentage of hypospermatogenesis was 10% and normal spermatogenesis was 5%. Conclusion: Among the 20 specimens examined, the sertoli-cell-only syndrome (SCOS) was the most common positive histopathological finding. The semen analysis and testicular biopsy provide valuable information about the etiology and the fertility potential of an individual.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48294510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}