病理学期刊(英文)最新文献

{"title":"Structural Patterns of Immunoreactivity to Cytokeratin 18 in Normal Prostate and Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: Global and Local Differences","authors":"L. Santamaría, I. Ingelmo, F. Teba","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2017.72004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2017.72004","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common benign disease of the human prostate. The comparison between global versus local changes in spatial patterns of pathological lesions provoked a growing interest in some fields such as neuropathology. To date, there is little data on this subject in prostatic pathology. Given the interest of local parameters to distinguish between normal and pathological structures, the present study will apply first and second order stereological tools to find out if the cytokeratin18 (ck18) immunoexpression shows relevant local changes in BPH compared to normal prostate, independently if global estimates were similar in both groups. Methods: To verify if the global and local changes in immuno-expression of ck18 are relevant to ascertain differences between normal (CTR) and BPH cases, the following parameters will be applied: Volume fraction of epithelium immunostained for ck18 (VV ck18), both in global and local estimates; dispersion indices of VV ck18; estimates of local variance of VV ck18 (positional and of scale) using wavelet analysis; and lacunarity analysis to measure the tissue heterogeneity. Then, the set of values from the parameters studied that show significant differences between CTR and BPH will be employed to perform stepwise linear discriminant analyses to determine if locally estimated parameters were able to classify accurately the cases in CTR and BPH groups. Results and Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that changes in the expression of ck18 by the hyperplastic prostatic epithelium are not homogeneous. This limits the use of a single biopsy based markers to predict biological behavior in BPH. On the other hand, the local changes in the expression of ck18 are more evident in terms of VV ck18 and its local variability, whereas other parameters that are useful in other pathologies, such as lacunarity, are less relevant In prostatic hyperplasia.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"25-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42172546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myxoid and Lipomatous Solitary Fibrous Tumor of Soft Tissue: A Case Description","authors":"J. O. Rodríguez-Parets, C. Velasco, E. M. Torres, M. Cruz","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2017.71003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2017.71003","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of a myxoid and lipomatous solitary fibrous tumor that was observed in a 67-year-old man. The tumor, which had a maximum diameter of 10 cm, was located in the soft tissues of the dorsal region and appeared macroscopically well delimited and encapsulated. Upon cutting, a markedly gelatinous internal surface was observed. A microscopic study revealed an intense and diffusely myxoid neoplasia, with small areas of adipose aspect, in which histological (staghorn vessels, perivascular hyalinization, fusiform cells of benign aspect) and immunohistochemical (intensive positivity for CD34, Bcl-2 and Cd99 and negativity for muscle markers) data were consistent with a solitary fibrous tumor were observed. To conclude, the main characteristics of this lesion are discussed, and a differential diagnosis is established with other entities.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"20-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44069117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opportunistic Infections in Renal Transplantation —A Case Series","authors":"R. Sampaio, J. Garcia, L. Dias, L. Martins, J. Vizcaíno","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2017.71002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2017.71002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Porto’s Hospital Centre is one of the most active Portuguese hospitals in renal transplantation (performed since 1983). Although increasingly rare, opportunistic infections in transplanted patients are associated with high mortality rate in kidney transplantation and remain a major diagnostic challenge. Methods: We investigated 2041 cases of hospital admissions (from 2004 to 2012), any time after kidney transplantation. We described the infection location, the diagnostic techniques used and the mortality after the infection. Results: We found 82 cases of opportunistic infection caused by Herpes virus (Zoster and simplex), Cytomegalovirus, Polyomavirus, Aspergilus, Alternaria, Mucorales, Candida, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Cryptococcus and Pneumocystis. Conclusions: In this article we highlight the important role of histology/cytology in the diagnostic process of these infections. In many cases prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary to avoid life-threatening complications and may greatly improve prognosis.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46552543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservative Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Therapy in Early Stage of Endometrial Carcinoma Associated with Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Expression","authors":"K. Niwa, Minako Mori, T. Miyazaki, Takuji Tanaka, K. Morishige","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2017.71001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2017.71001","url":null,"abstract":"Young patients with the endometrial cancer IA who desire to preserve fertility, can select the conservative therapy with progestin. However, the therapy involves risks of progression and relapse. We examined immunohistochemical analyses of phosphatase and tension homolog (PTEN) and p53 expressions to predict the early relapse, and pregnancy and delivery. Twenty women with endometrial cancer, FIGO IA (1988) (FIGO staging was essentially defined post-surgically), instead of the pathogical specimen before surgery without myometrial invasion were estimated by MRI under 40 years at Gifu University Hospital, Japan from 1988 to 2009. Patients were treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA, 400 - 600 mg/day) for 4 - 10 months, with whole wall endometrial curettage performed every four weeks. Response to the therapy, pregnancy, delivery and relapse of disease during follow-up over a 72-month period. Immunohistochemical expression of PTEN and p53 was also evaluated with pregnancy, delivery and relapse rate. All patients had pathological complete remissions within 4 - 10 months. Relapse rate was high (60%) in more than 72 months. Immunohistochemical PTEN retain in tumor cells before MPA treatment (8/10) was significant better correlation with pregnancy and delivery rate than of lost cases (1/5) in non-obese women (P < 0.05). Conservative therapy is feasible in carefully selected young women with endometrial cancer without myometrial invasion. However, the relapse rate was high. In cases who desire to be a pregnant, an earlier infertility treatment may be considered especially for PTEN loss especially in nonobese cases.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"07 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70494171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report of Intestinal Myiasis in a Japanese Man","authors":"N. Watanabe, Tomohiro Kato, Y. Ichiyanagi, Y. Kubota, S. Sugie, T. Kadosaka, T. Naiki, Takuji Tanaka","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.64020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.64020","url":null,"abstract":"We recently experienced a case of \u0000intestinal myiasis caused by maggots of fly, Sarcophagidae. A 61-year-old \u0000Japanese man presented in August 2015 with a 2-day his-tory of diarrhea and \u0000white maggots in his stool. Two days before his presentation, he took Chinese \u0000noodles and lettuce. At his presentation, we observed a number of discharged \u0000insect bodies in his stool. The insect bodies were identified as the larvae of \u0000the 3rd instar flesh fly Sarcophagidae based on macroscopic and microscopic \u0000examinations. We finally diagnosed as intestinal myiasis due to the fact that \u0000the patient had the insect bodies mixed in his diet, lettuce. A few days after \u0000the treatment with antibiotics, his symptoms disappeared. Accurate diagnosis of \u0000intestinal myiasis in developed countries is necessary to avoid ineffective \u0000treatment.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"06 1","pages":"171-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70494577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathologic Alterations of Canine and Feline Adrenal Glands","authors":"N. Herbach, K. Wiele, Ulrike Konietschke, W. Hermanns","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.63017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.63017","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and age-dependency of adrenal changes in dogs and cats, which were dissected between 2004 and 2006 at the Institute of Veterinary Pathology, LMU Munich. The adrenal glands of 101 dogs and 159 cats were dissected free from adjacent tissue, weighed, lamellated perpendicular to its longitudinal axis and were embedded in paraffin and plastic for histologic inspection. Ageing cats most frequently showed accessory cortical nodules in the capsule, cortex and medulla, pigment deposition and shock bodies. The appearance of accessory cortical nodules and pigment deposition were linked to the age of the cats and that of shock bodies was linked to infectious diseases. Inflammatory alterations were rare and neoplastic changes were not observed. In dogs, the most frequent alterations were accessory cortical nodules in the capsule, cortex and medulla and circulatory disturbances and there was a significant linkage of the appearance of cortical nodules and pigment deposition and age. Metabolic, inflammatory and tumorous diseases were rarely observed in the dogs examined. In summary, cats and dogs show similar incidental alterations of the adrenals. Clinical relevant adrenal lesions such as atrophy or primary neoplasia were rarely diagnosed.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"06 1","pages":"140-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70494182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gα12 Regulates Interleukin-8 Expression after Epithelial Cell Injury","authors":"A. K. Kim, B. Richard, I. Boucher, Wanfeng Yu, Tianqing Kong, B. Denker","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.63018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.63018","url":null,"abstract":"Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in \u0000hospitalized patients and is strongly correlated with increased morbidity, \u0000mortality, and prolonged hospitalization. However, signals that determine \u0000whether injured tissues following AKI will repair or fibrose and lead to \u0000chronic kidney disease (CKD) are not well defined. Numerous cytokines are \u0000activated at various times after injury and recruit inflammatory cells. \u0000Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is upregulated following activation of Gα12 by H2O2, a \u0000reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, we study this occurrence in vitro and in \u0000vivo. IL-8 was measured by ELISA in Gα12-silenced (si-Gα12) and inducible QLα12 \u0000(constitutively active Gα12) Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (QLα12-MDCK) cell lines \u0000after H2O2/catalase cell injury. QLα12- and si-Gα12 MDCK cells showed time-, \u0000agonist- and Gα12-dependent increases in IL-8 mRNA and protein. Gα12-silenced \u0000MDCK cells demonstrated lower IL-8 expression and blunted IL-8 increases. In \u0000transgenic mice (QLα12γGTCre+, proximal tubule Qα12 expression) ischemia \u0000reperfusion injury led to significant upregulation of CXCL-1 (IL-8 homologue) \u0000at 48 hours that was not observed in Gα12 knockout mice. Macrophages in renal \u0000cells from these mice were imaged by immunofluorescent microscopy and \u0000QLα12γGTCre+ showed increased macrophage infiltration. We demonstrate that IL-8 \u0000is a critical link between H2O2 stimulated Gα12 and renal injury. Gα12 \u0000activation led to increased IL-8 expression, a potent mediator of inflammation \u0000after injury. Future studies targeting Gα12 for inhibition after injury may \u0000blunt the IL-8 response and allow for organ recovery.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"06 1","pages":"154-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70494293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathology Isolation and Identification of Canine Herpesvirus (CHV-1) in Mexico","authors":"E. Lara, B. Romero, L. Marín, J. I. Á. Solis, S. G. Gallardo, C. C. Verde, J. Crespo, G. V. Anda","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.63014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.63014","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the pathology description, isolation and identification of canine herpesvirus (CHV-1) in Mexico, a virus that causes a generalized hemorrhagic infection in puppies from the canidae family. Methods: Isolates were obtained from puppies that died within the first four weeks of life and had lesions consistent with canine herpesvirus. Results: The main gross lesions were petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages in kidneys, liver and lungs; proliferative interstitial nephritis; multifocal necrosis in liver and kidneys; and encephalitis with intranuclear inclusion bodies. Herpesvirus was confirmed through direct immunofluorescence, electron microscopy and polymerase chain reaction for DNA polymerase and glycoprotein B genes. Discussion: Eight strains were isolated and identified as canine herpesvirus corresponding to three of the working cases with gross and microscopic lesions very similar to those described in the literature; then, isolates were confirmed by PCR gene amplification, positive reactions on immunofluorescence and observations from electron microscopy. This work represents the first report of this disease, including gross and histological lesions, and confirmation by isolation and identification of the canine herpesvirus in Mexico.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"06 1","pages":"111-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70493923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Stereological Estimations of Structural Patterns of the Glandular Tree in Benign Hyperplasia of Prostate","authors":"L. Santamaría, I. Ingelmo, F. Teba, A. Coloma, Laura Martínez","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.63015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.63015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Benign prostate hyperplasia \u0000(BPH) is the most common benign disease of human prostate. Currently BPH is \u0000associated with unregulated proliferation of connective tissue and glandular \u0000epithelium within the prostatic transition zone, and it has been described as \u0000relevant characteristic of BPH—the increase of the total number of cells, and \u0000not only an increase in cell size. To date, there are few studies on the \u0000quantitative morphology of glandular tree of BPH compared with normal prostate. \u0000The scarce investigations about this particular suggest that the glandular tree \u0000branches and expands as the hyperplastic transformation occurs in the prostate. \u0000Methods: To verify if this gland expansion and branching was similar to that \u0000occurs in the normal prostate, this study deals with the estimation of several \u0000stereological parameters as: labeling index for the proliferating cell nuclear \u0000antigen to quantify the rate of proliferation of prostate epithelium, average thickness \u0000of glandular epithelium, fraction of the volume occupied by the epithelium relative \u0000to the total prostate volume, connectivity density of prostate glands, to \u0000quantify the branching of prostate glands, and the average volume and the \u0000volume-weighted mean glandular volume of prostate acini to assess the mean size \u0000of the prostate acini and its variability. Results: All these estimates have \u0000been performed in prostate specific antigen immunostained sections from \u0000prostates of young men (controls) and in adenomectomy specimens from the \u0000adenofibromiomatous variety of BPH. Conclusion: We conclude that the epithelial \u0000proliferation is not the only factor intervening in the development of BPH. In \u0000addition, a more prolonged survival of epithelial population, together with \u0000some degree of hypertrophy of acini expressed by the increase of volume \u0000fraction and thickness of acinar epithelium, is relevant in order to the growth \u0000and expansion of the BPH glandular tree that shows more abundant and \u0000heterogeneous acinar sprouts than in normal prostate.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"06 1","pages":"122-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70494347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report of Multiple Cylindroma with Immunohistochemical Features","authors":"N. Watanabe, K. Kawase, Chisato Tawada, K. Yoneda, K. Hirai, Ayumi Niwa, Takuji Tanaka","doi":"10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.63016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJPATHOLOGY.2016.63016","url":null,"abstract":"Cylindroma is a benign skin appendageal \u0000tumor arising from pluripotent stem cells in the follicle. Multiple cylindroma \u0000typically occurs as a component of Brooke-Spiegler syndrome or as the only skin \u0000lesion of familial cylindromatosis. We herein report an unusual case of \u0000multiple cylindroma involving the trunk without any other features of \u0000Brooke-Spiegler syndrome and no family history supporting the possibility of \u0000familial cylindromatosis. Immunohistochemical features of CYLD and NF-κB, which \u0000are involved in the pathogenesis of cylindroma, in the tumors are also \u0000presented.","PeriodicalId":57444,"journal":{"name":"病理学期刊(英文)","volume":"06 1","pages":"134-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70494537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}