Food Security最新文献

{"title":"Food system resilience measurement: principles, framework and caveats","authors":"Christophe Béné,&nbsp;Timothy R. Frankenberger,&nbsp;Suzanne Nelson,&nbsp;Mark Alexander Constas,&nbsp;Gregory Collins,&nbsp;Mark Langworthy,&nbsp;Karyn Fox","doi":"10.1007/s12571-023-01407-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12571-023-01407-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is growing recognition that a better understanding of how food systems respond to crises is critical to build and protect the food security of local populations. But rigorous and reliable methods to measure food system resilience are still missing. In this paper, we build on the current literature to develop an analytical framework aimed at assessing the resilience of food systems at local level. The novel element of the analysis lies in the levels at which resilience is considered. Combining the individual actor level with the notion of 'emergent properties' of food systems, we argue that the overall resilience of food system results from processes that take place – and need to be measured – at both individual and system levels. The framework is structured around three components: (i) the mapping of the actors and the local food system; (ii) the assessment of the resilience of these actors and that of the food system, and (iii) the outcomes of this resilience, assessed in term of local population’s food security. For each of those components, indicators are proposed and the ways to collect them are discussed. The paper then presents the types of analyses that would be necessary to complete to gain a better understanding of the situation regarding the resilience of the local food system under consideration, including the analysis of “positive deviance” among food system actors. The paper concludes with a series of reflections about the caveats and challenges that one may face when attempting to assess food system resilience.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":567,"journal":{"name":"Food Security","volume":"15 6","pages":"1437 - 1458"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12571-023-01407-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Street traders’ contribution to food security: lessons from fresh produce traders’ experiences in South Africa during Covid-19","authors":"Marc C. A. Wegerif","doi":"10.1007/s12571-023-01409-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12571-023-01409-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Street traders play a key role in the food system in South Africa and many other countries. Despite their importance, the operations of street traders are not well understood and often undermined by policy makers and planners. This article provides insights into the role of street traders who sell food, in particular fresh produce, and the nature of their operations. It shares experiences of street traders in South Africa since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic and derives lessons from this for their contribution to food and nutrition security. The article is based on in-depth research carried out with street traders and other food system actors that they are linked to in three provinces (Gauteng, KwaZulu Natal and Limpopo) of South Africa. It was found that the street traders were severely affected during the first hard lockdown and continued to suffer due to the drop in aggregate demand that has resulted from the reduced incomes of many of their clients. They have also not been able to access the government Covid-19 recovery funds. Despite these challenges, street traders have continued to perform an even more essential role in making fresh produce accessible. This is in contrast to supermarkets that have maintained higher prices and profit margins despite the state of disaster affecting people’s ability to buy. Street traders are deserving of greater recognition and support as they play a key role in achieving food security and addressing other socio-economic challenges. Improving the conditions for street traders requires securing more public space for food trading and recognising and building on the ways that street traders use space and organise their economic lives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":567,"journal":{"name":"Food Security","volume":"16 1","pages":"115 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12571-023-01409-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134908625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Food choice responses to changes in the price of a staple crop: a discrete choice experiment of maize in rural Malawi","authors":"M. Matita,&nbsp;J. Mazalale,&nbsp;M. Quaife,&nbsp;D. Johnston,&nbsp;L. Cornelsen,&nbsp;T. Kamwanja,&nbsp;R. Smith,&nbsp;H. Walls","doi":"10.1007/s12571-023-01410-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12571-023-01410-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":567,"journal":{"name":"Food Security","volume":"16 1","pages":"17 - 17"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12571-023-01410-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135411990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender dynamics in seed systems: an integrative review of seed promotion interventions in Africa","authors":"Berber Kramer,&nbsp;Carly Trachtman","doi":"10.1007/s12571-023-01403-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12571-023-01403-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gender gaps in adoption of high-quality seeds of improved varieties persist in Sub-Saharan Africa, despite the implementation of various seed promotion interventions aimed at increasing adoption among all farmers. This paper reviews existing literature on common seed promotion interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa (including subsidies, financial services, quality certification schemes, and agricultural extension) and asks to what extent these interventions serve women farmers as much as men farmers. In addition, we consider the evidence on the effectiveness of gender-intentional design features that may enable seed promotion interventions to better serve women. We find mixed evidence that common seed promotion interventions reach, benefit, and empower women, with contextual factors and program design features driving differences in effectiveness. In some cases interventions are more effective for women when combined with gender-intentional program features, such as: explicit targeting of and resource provision to women (or joint targeting to couples); a focus on domains where it is more culturally acceptable for women to make decisions; and provision of information by women experts or through other modalities. We conclude that more work is needed to develop and test interventions that can close gender gaps in seed adoption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":567,"journal":{"name":"Food Security","volume":"16 1","pages":"19 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Changes in school feeding operations during the COVID‑19 pandemic: evidence from 139 countries","authors":"Elisabetta M. Ferrero,&nbsp;Ayala Wineman,&nbsp;Arlene Mitchell","doi":"10.1007/s12571-023-01405-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12571-023-01405-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":567,"journal":{"name":"Food Security","volume":"15 6","pages":"1539 - 1539"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12571-023-01405-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sharing decision-making tools for pest management may foster implementation of Integrated Pest Management","authors":"Vittorio Rossi,&nbsp;Tito Caffi,&nbsp;Irene Salotti,&nbsp;Giorgia Fedele","doi":"10.1007/s12571-023-01402-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12571-023-01402-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agriculture needs to reduce its current dependence toward pesticides while reducing crop losses caused by pests and ensuring food security; Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is considered the most appropriate approach to achieve the goal. More specifically, growers should use tools that enable informed decisions on whether and when crop protection is needed, and which methods should be used. These tools include risk algorithms, decision rules, intervention thresholds, and decision support systems (DSSs), collectively named decision tools (DTs). A large number of DTs have been developed and made available to advisors and farmers, mainly through Internet-based systems. The adoption rate of these systems, however, has been low because of technical limitations and farmer perceptions. Fragmentation of the DTs offered, poor local implementation, and restriction to particular users are among the causes for low adoption. If properly mobilised, the use and effects of DTs could substantially be increased. Sharing of IPM DTs has a strong potential for providing wider access to the existing knowledge, for fostering IPM implementation, and for supporting plant health policies. In this article, we outline an overall approach to develop a web-based platform, in which DTs are shared and made widely available. Such a platform can include a range of ready-to-use DTs, i.e. DTs which are currently available, that have been field-validated, and which are already being used in some agricultural contexts. The platform also provides open, full documentation of DTs, makes DTs available for validation and adaptation in different agricultural contexts, and makes DTs easily available for multiple kinds of end-users involved in IPM (farmers, IPM experts, public and private information and service providers, and policy makers). We also consider how DT sharing can reduce both the technological and behavioural limitations of existing plant health management systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":567,"journal":{"name":"Food Security","volume":"15 6","pages":"1459 - 1474"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12571-023-01402-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135254766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food choice responses to changes in the price of a staple crop: a discrete choice experiment of maize in rural Malawi","authors":"M. Matita,&nbsp;J. Mazalale,&nbsp;M. Quaife,&nbsp;D. Johnston,&nbsp;L. Cornelsen,&nbsp;T. Kamwanja,&nbsp;R. Smith,&nbsp;H. Walls","doi":"10.1007/s12571-023-01401-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12571-023-01401-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Price and affordability are important drivers of food choice, particularly for rural smallholder farming households in Malawi, experiencing extreme poverty, food insecurity, and lack of dietary diversity. Lowering the cost of staple crops such as maize targeted by agricultural input subsidy programmes (AISPs) may potentially increase consumption of the staple crop, but it might also lead to consumption of a more diverse range of foods. Using a discrete choice experiment, this study investigated food choice responses to changes in maize price in rural Malawi. Study participants (n = 400) were given a series of choice tasks for which they were asked to choose between food baskets with varying cost, reflecting local prices and with maize at both high and low price. Baskets contained different types of foods including maize, rice, cabbage, small-dried fish, and/or a soft drink. The data were analysed using mixed logit models including investigation of heterogenous effects based on socio-demographic characteristics, food security and actual market purchases. Individuals revealed a preference, as expected, for lower cost food baskets. Small-dried fish and cabbage were the highest valued food products. At a low cost of maize, the expected utility from a basket with maize was greater than a basket with other items, particularly among households with high- and low-food purchases, low socioeconomic status, living in Phalombe District, and experiencing food insecurity, indicating that among such populations a low price of maize will not necessarily lead to increases in dietary diversity. In contrast, among households living in Lilongwe District, with high SES and food secure, a lower maize price will not lead to a loss in dietary diversity as they prefer a basket containing non-maize products over maize. The findings suggest that achieving food security and dietary diversity may require a range of policy approaches addressing different pathways of impact as opposed to relying on subsidizing inputs for staple crop production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":567,"journal":{"name":"Food Security","volume":"16 1","pages":"1 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12571-023-01401-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135253781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming the seafood supply system: challenges and strategies for resilience","authors":"Ingrid Kelling,&nbsp;Marylyn Carrigan,&nbsp;Andrew F. Johnson","doi":"10.1007/s12571-023-01400-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12571-023-01400-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Seafood is a crucial component of global food systems and plays a vital role in healthy diets and future food security, providing essential omega-3 fatty acids and micronutrients as well as incomes and livelihoods to millions of people. However, the seafood supply system is facing multiple contemporary global challenges that threaten its resilience as well as food security, livelihoods and ecological wellbeing. This opinion piece discusses the drivers of transformative change impacting seafood supply chains, with a particular focus on the UK, but the strategies described can be applied to many similarly developed countries. To address the challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, escalating energy costs, climate change, risk management processes, and to ensure food security and resilience, active policy interventions are needed. Three key policy actions that policymakers can focus on are (i) sustainable seafood models, such as regenerative seafood systems and the circular economy, to improve both environmental and human health outcomes and the likelihood of meeting Sustainable Development Goals; (ii) promote local seafood as part of national food security to strengthen supply chains, support local communities, and enhance traceability and transparency; and, (iii) promote diversification in seafood sourcing and distribution to reduce pressure on critical stocks and increase the flexibility of food systems, while ensuring social and ecological protection. Building a more resilient and sustainable food system requires a holistic and integrated approach, alongside proactive collaboration, to address the multiple, complex, and long-term challenges facing the wider food system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":567,"journal":{"name":"Food Security","volume":"15 6","pages":"1585 - 1591"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12571-023-01400-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On increasing the contribution of locally produced fresh foods to school meals in the Caribbean","authors":"Oacia Fair,&nbsp;Gordon M. Hickey,&nbsp;Arlette Saint Ville,&nbsp;Leroy E. Phillip","doi":"10.1007/s12571-023-01395-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12571-023-01395-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The rising prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity within the Caribbean is a major public health and policy concern because obese children are at risk of developing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) later in life. Throughout the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), children are consuming unhealthy diets, characterized by energy-dense, processed and ultra-processed foods, sugar sweetened beverages, and limited quantities of fruits and vegetables. Community-based school meal programmes (SMPs) have been identified as useful vehicles to address unhealthy eating among children, and “farm-to-school” approaches have the potential to increase the availability of locally grown nutritious produce, while supporting local agriculture and reducing the region’s reliance on food imports. This paper seeks to better understand the barriers to enhancing community-based school feeding value-chains in the CARICOM, by focusing on the Eastern Caribbean Island of Nevis where there is an interest in developing farm-to-school value chains. Using key informant interviews combined with focus groups with actors along the local food value chain, we identify the following barriers to an effective community-based SMP: a lack of communication and an absence of contractual agreements between local farmers and the SMP administration; generally low levels of child acceptance of school meals containing fresh vegetables; and limited intersectoral coordination and collaboration among SMP stakeholders and local farmers. Using social network analysis, we further discuss limitations in group organization and coordination among local farmers and opportunities for SMP improvement. The results point to the need for more integrative public policy development and greater community engagement to coordinate and strengthen the farm-to school approach to school feeding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":567,"journal":{"name":"Food Security","volume":"15 6","pages":"1593 - 1609"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12571-023-01395-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135815479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL) in farmer field schools on food security and adaptation to climate change: pilot testing of a framework in Malawi","authors":"Henk van den Berg,&nbsp;Anderson Chikomola,&nbsp;Austin Bondo,&nbsp;Thomas Ameny,&nbsp;James Okoth,&nbsp;Noella Kamwendo,&nbsp;Marcel Dicke,&nbsp;Samuel Kirichu","doi":"10.1007/s12571-023-01386-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12571-023-01386-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The farmer field school (FFS) has been promoted as an approach for educating farmers on making adaptive farming decisions. In Malawi, the FFS has been used to enhance food security within the context of adaptation to climate change. Monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL) extends the learning cycle from the core of the FFS to the project level to facilitate learning and adaptation for improvement of interventions. This study’s objectives were to test the utility of a MEL framework for the FFS, and to explore the effects of the FFS. The framework differentiated between four capital domains. Data were collected from 33 FFS groups at 2–4 years after the start of the FFS, using spider diagramming, focus group discussions, and direct observation. These tools demonstrated their feasibility and acceptability for use by practitioners at the district level and provided cross-verification of results, whereas limitations included the risk of biased results, e.g. due to vested interests of respondents. The MEL methods can be adapted for use in other FFS programmes and other contexts through modification of the framework’s targets or questions. The effects of the FFS were evident for most targets in the human, social and natural domains, whilst effects for some targets in the financial domain were smaller. Effects that were indicative of food security and adaptation to climate change included improvements in adaptive capacity, experimentation, crop cultivation practices, crop diversification, collective actions, food sources and meals, and savings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":567,"journal":{"name":"Food Security","volume":"15 6","pages":"1611 - 1627"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12571-023-01386-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135958010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}