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Alcohol research : current reviews最新文献

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Alcohol and Viral Hepatitis: Role of Lipid Rafts. 酒精与病毒性肝炎：脂质浮筏的作用
Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01
Angela Dolganiuc
{"title":"Alcohol and Viral Hepatitis: Role of Lipid Rafts.","authors":"Angela Dolganiuc","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Both alcohol abuse and infection with hepatitis viruses can lead to liver disease, including chronic hepatitis. Alcohol and hepatitis viruses have synergistic effects in the development of liver disease. Some of these involve the cellular membranes and particularly their functionally active domains, termed lipid rafts, which contain many proteins with essential roles in signaling and other processes. These lipid rafts play a central role in the lifecycles of hepatitis viruses. Alcohol's actions at the lipid rafts may contribute to the synergistic harmful effects of alcohol and hepatitis viruses on the liver and the pathogenesis of liver disease. </p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"37 2","pages":"299-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alcohol's Burden on Immunity Following Burn, Hemorrhagic Shock, or Traumatic Brain Injury. 酒精对烧伤、失血性休克或创伤性脑损伤后免疫力的影响
Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01
Patricia E Molina, Paige S Katz, Flavia Souza-Smith, Stephen M Ford, Sophie X Teng, Tracy Y Dodd, John K Maxi, Jacques P Mayeux
{"title":"Alcohol's Burden on Immunity Following Burn, Hemorrhagic Shock, or Traumatic Brain Injury.","authors":"Patricia E Molina, Paige S Katz, Flavia Souza-Smith, Stephen M Ford, Sophie X Teng, Tracy Y Dodd, John K Maxi, Jacques P Mayeux","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol consumption contributes to increased incidence and severity of traumatic injury. Compared with patients who do not consume alcohol, alcohol-consuming patients have higher rates of long-term morbidity and mortality during recovery from injury. This can be attributed in part to an impaired immune response in individuals who consume alcohol. Acute and chronic alcohol use can affect both the innate and adaptive immune defense responses within multiple organ systems; the combination of alcohol use and injury results in increased susceptibility to bacterial and viral pathogens. This review examines the major deleterious effects of alcohol on immunity following tissue damage or traumatic injury, with a focus on alcohol's influence on the ability of the immune and major organ systems to fight disease and to repair damaged tissues following injury. </p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"37 2","pages":"263-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147322711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Computerized Working-Memory Training as a Candidate Adjunctive Treatment for Addiction. 计算机工作记忆训练作为成瘾的辅助治疗候选。
Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Warren K Bickel, Lara Moody, Amanda Quisenberry
{"title":"Computerized Working-Memory Training as a Candidate Adjunctive Treatment for Addiction.","authors":"Warren K Bickel,&nbsp;Lara Moody,&nbsp;Amanda Quisenberry","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol and other drug dependencies are, in part, characterized by deficits in executive functioning, including working memory. Working-memory training is a candidate computerized adjunctive intervention for the treatment of alcoholism and other drug dependencies. This article reviews emerging evidence for computerized working memory training as an efficacious adjunctive treatment for drug dependence and highlights future challenges and opportunities in the field of working-memory training, including duration of training needed, persistence of improvements and utility of booster sessions, and selection of patients based on degree of deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"36 1","pages":"123-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4432851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancing the Use of Vehicle Alcohol Interlocks With Emerging Technology. 利用新兴技术加强车辆酒精联锁装置的使用。
Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2014-01-01
Robert B Voas
{"title":"Enhancing the Use of Vehicle Alcohol Interlocks With Emerging Technology.","authors":"Robert B Voas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among the earliest applications of health technologies to a safety program was the development of blood alcohol content (BAC) tests for use in impaired-driving enforcement. This led to the development of miniature, highly accurate devices that officers could carry in their pockets. A natural extension of this technology was the vehicle alcohol interlock, which is used to reduce recidivism among drivers convicted of driving under the influence (DUI) by requiring them to install the devices (which will not allow someone with a positive BAC to drive) on their vehicles. While on the vehicle, interlocks have been shown to reduce recidivism by two-thirds. Use of these devices has been growing at the rate of 10 to 15 percent a year, and there currently are more than 300,000 units in use. This expansion in the application of interlocks has benefited from the integration of other emerging technologies into interlock systems. Such technologies include data systems that record both driver actions and vehicle responses, miniature cameras and face recognition to identify the user, Wi-Fi systems to provide rapid reporting on offender performance and any attempt to circumvent the device, GPS tracking of the vehicle, and more rapid means for monitoring the integrity of the interlock system. This article describes how these health technologies are being applied in interlock programs and the outlook for new technologies and new court sanctioning programs that may influence the growth in the use of interlocks in the future. </p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"36 1","pages":"81-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4432860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41177557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epigenetic events in liver cancer resulting from alcoholic liver disease. 酒精性肝病导致肝癌的表观遗传事件。
Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Samuel W French
{"title":"Epigenetic events in liver cancer resulting from alcoholic liver disease.","authors":"Samuel W French","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epigenetic mechanisms play an extensive role in the development of liver cancer (i.e., hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]) associated with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) as well as in liver disease associated with other conditions. For example, epigenetic mechanisms, such as changes in the methylation and/or acetylation pattern of certain DNA regions or of the histone proteins around which the DNA is wrapped, contribute to the reversion of normal liver cells into progenitor and stem cells that can develop into HCC. Chronic exposure to beverage alcohol (i.e., ethanol) can induce all of these epigenetic changes. Thus, ethanol metabolism results in the formation of compounds that can cause changes in DNA methylation and interfere with other components of the normal processes regulating DNA methylation. Alcohol exposure also can alter histone acetylation/deacetylation and methylation patterns through a variety of mechanisms and signaling pathways. Alcohol also acts indirectly on another molecule called toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) that is a key component in a crucial regulatory pathway in the cells and whose dysregulation is involved in the development of HCC. Finally, alcohol use regulates an epigenetic mechanism involving small molecules called miRNAs that control transcriptional events and the expression of genes important to ALD.</p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"35 1","pages":"57-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3860418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31933596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prenatal alcohol exposure and cellular differentiation: a role for Polycomb and Trithorax group proteins in FAS phenotypes? 产前酒精暴露和细胞分化:Polycomb和Trithorax蛋白在FAS表型中的作用?
Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Kylee J Veazey, Daria Muller, Michael C Golding
{"title":"Prenatal alcohol exposure and cellular differentiation: a role for Polycomb and Trithorax group proteins in FAS phenotypes?","authors":"Kylee J Veazey,&nbsp;Daria Muller,&nbsp;Michael C Golding","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exposure to alcohol significantly alters the developmental trajectory of progenitor cells and fundamentally compromises tissue formation (i.e., histogenesis). Emerging research suggests that ethanol can impair mammalian development by interfering with the execution of molecular programs governing differentiation. For example, ethanol exposure disrupts cellular migration, changes cell-cell interactions, and alters growth factor signaling pathways. Additionally, ethanol can alter epigenetic mechanisms controlling gene expression. Normally, lineage-specific regulatory factors (i.e., transcription factors) establish the transcriptional networks of each new cell type; the cell's identity then is maintained through epigenetic alterations in the way in which the DNA encoding each gene becomes packaged within the chromatin. Ethanol exposure can induce epigenetic changes that do not induce genetic mutations but nonetheless alter the course of fetal development and result in a large array of patterning defects. Two crucial enzyme complexes--the Polycomb and Trithorax proteins--are central to the epigenetic programs controlling the intricate balance between self-renewal and the execution of cellular differentiation, with diametrically opposed functions. Prenatal ethanol exposure may disrupt the functions of these two enzyme complexes, altering a crucial aspect of mammalian differentiation. Characterizing the involvement of Polycomb and Trithorax group complexes in the etiology of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders will undoubtedly enhance understanding of the role that epigenetic programming plays in this complex disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"35 1","pages":"77-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3860417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31933598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epigenetic targets for reversing immune defects caused by alcohol exposure. 逆转酒精暴露引起的免疫缺陷的表观遗传学靶点。
Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Brenda J Curtis, Anita Zahs, Elizabeth J Kovacs
{"title":"Epigenetic targets for reversing immune defects caused by alcohol exposure.","authors":"Brenda J Curtis,&nbsp;Anita Zahs,&nbsp;Elizabeth J Kovacs","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol consumption alters factors that modify gene expression without changing the DNA code (i.e., epigenetic modulators) in many organ systems, including the immune system. Alcohol enhances the risk for developing several serious medical conditions related to immune system dysfunction, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), liver cancer, and alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Binge and chronic drinking also render patients more susceptible to many infectious pathogens and advance the progression of HIV infection by weakening both innate and adaptive immunity. Epigenetic mechanisms play a pivotal role in these processes. For example, alcohol-induced epigenetic variations alter the developmental pathways of several types of immune cells (e.g., granulocytes, macrophages, and T-lymphocytes) and through these and other mechanisms promote exaggerated inflammatory responses. In addition, epigenetic mechanisms may underlie alcohol's ability to interfere with the barrier functions of the gut and respiratory systems, which also contribute to the heightened risk of infections. Better understanding of alcohol's effects on these epigenetic processes may help researchers identify new targets for the development of novel medications to prevent or ameliorate alcohol's detrimental effects on the immune system.</p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"35 1","pages":"97-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3860427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31934569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dysregulation of microRNA expression and function contributes to the etiology of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. microRNA表达和功能的失调与胎儿酒精谱系障碍的病因有关。
Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Sridevi Balaraman, Joseph D Tingling, Pai-Chi Tsai, Rajesh C Miranda
{"title":"Dysregulation of microRNA expression and function contributes to the etiology of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.","authors":"Sridevi Balaraman,&nbsp;Joseph D Tingling,&nbsp;Pai-Chi Tsai,&nbsp;Rajesh C Miranda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are members of a large class of non-protein-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that represent a significant, but until recently unappreciated, layer of cellular regulation. Assessment of the generation and function of miRNAs suggests that these ncRNAs are vulnerable to interference from genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. A small but rapidly expanding body of studies using a variety of animal- and cell culture-based experimental models also has shown that miRNAs are important targets of alcohol during fetal development and that their dysregulation likely plays a significant role in the etiology of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). Accordingly, an analysis of the regulation and function of these miRNAs may yield important clues to the management of FASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"35 1","pages":"18-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3860419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31934151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Community indicators: assessing the impact of alcohol use on communities. 社区指标：评估饮酒对社区的影响。
Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Andrea Flynn, Samantha Wells
{"title":"Community indicators: assessing the impact of alcohol use on communities.","authors":"Andrea Flynn, Samantha Wells","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community indicators are used to assess the impact of alcohol on communities. This article reviews the main data sources for community indicators, discusses their strengths and limitations, and discusses indicators used in reference to four main topics relating to alcohol use and problems at the community level: alcohol use, patterns, and problems; alcohol availability; alcohol-related health outcomes/trauma; and alcohol-related crime and enforcement. It also reviews the challenges associated with collecting community indicator data, along with important innovations in the field that have contributed to better knowledge of how to collect and analyze community-level data on the impact of alcohol.</p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"35 2","pages":"135-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3908705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41156982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epigenetics--new frontier for alcohol research. 表观遗传学--酒精研究的新领域。
Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2013-01-01
Shivendra D Shukla, Samir Zakhari
{"title":"Epigenetics--new frontier for alcohol research.","authors":"Shivendra D Shukla, Samir Zakhari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3860429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31934149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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