Alcohol research : current reviews最新文献

{"title":"Differential Effects of Alcohol Policies Across Race/Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status.","authors":"Nina Moreno, Roland S Moore","doi":"10.35946/arcr.v45.1.02","DOIUrl":"10.35946/arcr.v45.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sociocultural characteristics, including race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES), may affect individuals' attitudes and norms regarding alcohol use and treatment as well as their access to emerging health knowledge, innovative technologies, and general resources for improving health. As a result of these differences, as well as social determinants of health such as stigma and uneven enforcement, alcohol policies may not benefit all population subgroups equally. This review addresses research conducted within the last decade that examined differential effects of alcohol policies on alcohol consumption, alcohol harm, and alcohol treatment admissions across racial/ethnic and socioeconomic groups.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>The authors used the following Boolean phrase search terms to assess the association between race/ethnicity and outcomes: (\"alcohol policy\" OR \"alcohol policies\") AND (\"race\" OR \"ethnicity\" OR \"first nations\" OR \"African American\" OR \"Hispanic American\" OR \"Latino American\" OR \"Asian American\" OR \"Native American\"). Association with SES was assessed using these terms: (\"alcohol policy\" OR \"alcohol policies\") AND (\"socioeconomic\" OR \"class\") AND (\"effect\" OR \"impact\" OR \"outcome\"). Both searches were conducted on August 28, 2023, using advanced search in seven EBSCOhost research databases: (1) EBSCO Biomedical Reference Collection: Corporate; (2) EBSCOhost E-Journals; (3) EBSCO MEDLINE Complete; (4) SocINDEX with Full Text; (5) APA PsycInfo; (6) LISTA (Library Information Sciences and Technology Abstracts); and (7) GreenFILE. Inclusion criteria for both searches were: (1) publication dates between 2014 and 2023; (2) peer-reviewed research articles; (3) data disaggregated by racial/ethnic and/or SES subgroups; and (4) English language only.</p><p><strong>Search results: </strong>The racial/ethnic search produced 64 articles, of which 14 were reviewed as relevant to this study and 50 were excluded. The SES search generated 100 articles, of which 18 were reviewed as relevant to this study and 82 were excluded. Eight of the studies identified by these two searches overlapped (i.e., included both racial/ethnic and SES outcomes), resulting in a total of 24 articles included in this review.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Relying upon data from both U.S. and international research, the identified studies focused on differential effects of financially focused alcohol control policies (e.g., taxation and minimum unit pricing policies) as well as access/availability reduction policies (e.g., those governing outlet density, on-/off-premise sales, and establishment licensing). Several studies concluded that price increases via taxes or minimum unit pricing might be particularly effective in reducing the risk of alcohol-related harms in low-income/low-SES populations. Limitations of the present review include lack of standardization in the ways that SES was measured and the diffi","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"45 1","pages":"02"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Links Between Alcohol Exposure and Firearm Violence: A Scoping Review Update.","authors":"Ellicott C Matthay, Ariana N Gobaud, Charles C Branas, Katherine M Keyes, Brita Roy, Magdalena Cerdá","doi":"10.35946/arcr.v45.1.01","DOIUrl":"10.35946/arcr.v45.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Firearm violence remains a leading cause of death and injury in the United States. Prior research supports that alcohol exposures, including individual-level alcohol use and alcohol control policies, are modifiable risk factors for firearm violence, yet additional research is needed to support prevention efforts.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This scoping review aims to update a prior 2016 systematic review on the links between alcohol exposure and firearm violence to examine whether current studies indicate causal links between alcohol use, alcohol interventions, and firearm violence-related outcomes.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria: </strong>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, a comprehensive search of published studies was conducted, replicating the search strategy of the prior review but focusing on studies published since 2015. The review included published studies of humans, conducted in general populations of any age, gender, or racial/ethnic group, that examined the relationship between an alcohol-related exposure and an outcome involving firearm violence or risks for firearm violence. Excluded were small studies restricted to special populations, forensic or other technical studies, non-original research articles such as reviews, and studies that relied solely on descriptive statistics or did not adjust for confounders.</p><p><strong>Sources of evidence: </strong>The review included published studies indexed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Eligible articles were published on or after January 1, 2015. The latest search was conducted on December 15, 2023.</p><p><strong>Charting methods: </strong>Using a structured data collection instrument, data were extracted on the characteristics of each study, including the dimension of alcohol exposure, the dimension of firearm violence, study population, study design, statistical analysis, source of funding, main findings, and whether effect measure modification was assessed and, if so, along what dimensions. Two authors independently conducted title/abstract screening, full-text screening, and data extraction until achieving 95% agreement, with discrepancies resolved through discussion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 797 studies. Of these, 754 were excluded and 43 met the final inclusion criteria. Studies addressed a range of alcohol exposures and firearm violence-related outcomes, primarily with cross-sectional study designs; 40% considered effect measure modification by any population characteristic. Findings from the 21 studies examining the relationship of individual-level alcohol use or alcohol use disorder (AUD) with firearm ownership, access, unsafe storage, or carrying indicated a strong and consistent positive association. Seven studies examined associations of individual-level alcohol use or AUD with firearm injury or death;","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"45 1","pages":"01"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11737877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143017047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Stigma, Racism, and Sexism Studies on Substance Use and Mental Health: A Review of Measures and Designs.","authors":"James K Cunningham, Ahlam A Saleh","doi":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.08","DOIUrl":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Most research on the structural determinants of substance use and mental health has centered around widely studied factors such as alcohol taxes, tobacco control policies, essential/precursor chemical regulations, neighborhood/city characteristics, and immigration policies. Other structural determinants exist, however, many of which are being identified in the emerging fields of structural stigma, structural racism, and structural sexism. This narrative review surveys the measures and designs used in substance use and mental health studies from these three fields.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>The PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases were searched on May 11, 2023. A focused search approach used terminology for structural racism, stigma, or sexism combined with terminology for substance use or mental health. Peer-reviewed studies were included if they were written in English and assessed associations between objective structural measures and substance use and mental health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Search results: </strong>Of 2,536 studies identified, 2,487 were excluded. Forty-nine studies (30 related to stigma, 16 related to racism, and three related to sexism) met the inclusion criteria. Information was abstracted about the structural measures, outcome measures, research design, sample, and findings of each study.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The structural determinant measures used in the studies reviewed were diverse. They addressed, for example, community opinions, the gender of legislators, economic vulnerability, financial loan discrimination, college policies, law enforcement, historical trauma, and legislative protections for sexual and gender minorities and for reproductive rights. Most of the structural determinant measures were constructed by combining multiple indicators into indexes or by merging indexes into composite indexes, although some studies relied on single indicators alone. The substance use and mental health outcome measures most frequently examined were related to alcohol and depression, respectively. The studies were conducted in numerous nations and drew samples from an array of groups, including, for example, patients who experienced overdoses from substance use, sexual and gender minorities, racial and ethnic minority groups, women, youth, migrants, and patients subject to involuntary psychiatric hospitalization. Most of the studies used passive-observational (correlational) research designs and, as a result, did not assess whether their structural determinant variables were causally related to substance use and mental health. Nevertheless, the studies reviewed can be used by public health proponents to foster awareness that a wide range of structural determinants correlate with the substance use and mental health of many groups within and across nations.</p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"08"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11661471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter from the Editor in Chief: 50 Years of Insights into Alcohol Research.","authors":"Pamela J Wernett","doi":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35946/arcr.v44.1.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"07"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Area-Level Social Determinants of Alcohol-Related Mortality: Knowledge Gaps and Implications for Community Health.","authors":"Katherine J Karriker-Jaffe, La Sonya A Goode, Shannon M Blakey, Jamie L Humphrey, Pamela A Williams, Ivette Rodriguez Borja, Jessica Cance, Georgiy Bobashev","doi":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.06","DOIUrl":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.06","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Rates of alcohol-related mortality (including deaths attributed to chronic alcohol use as well as acute causes involving alcohol) have been increasing in the United States, particularly for certain population subgroups, such as women. This review summarizes associations of area-level social determinants of health with alcohol-related mortality. These determinants, measured at the community, county, or state level, include alcohol control policies, health care availability, and a community's socioeconomic environment. Examining multiple geographic levels illuminates how macro-level social determinants and local contexts contribute to alcohol-related mortality to inform intervention. Attention to the broad variety of social determinants of alcohol-related mortality could ultimately improve community health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A literature search of three databases-PubMed, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)-conducted between March 13 and May 16, 2023, identified peer-reviewed studies published from 1990 to May 2023 that modeled at least one area-level social determinant of health as a predictor or correlate of area-level rates of alcohol-related mortality in the United States. Unpublished dissertations, commentaries, editorials, review papers, and articles published in languages other than English were excluded. Two team members reviewed each abstract to verify that the article addressed alcohol-related mortality and included at least one area-level social determinant of health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search results: &lt;/strong&gt;The authors screened 313 abstracts and excluded 210 that did not meet inclusion criteria. The full texts of 103 articles were retrieved. Upon further screening, 30 articles were excluded (two were not obtained), leaving 71 studies for detailed review.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion and conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Many studies analyzed fatal alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes or cirrhosis/liver disease mortality. Fewer analyzed other mortality causes related to chronic alcohol consumption. No studies focused on racism and discrimination, community-level prevention activities, or community social services in relation to alcohol-related mortality. Few studies examined major health policy changes or addressed health care system factors. Although the variation across studies complicates systematic comparison of the results, some key themes did emerge from the reviewed studies, such as the beneficial effects of stronger alcohol policies and the importance of socioeconomic conditions as determinants of alcohol-related mortality. Research using a more diverse set of theoretically informed social determinants may help examine whether, how, and for whom racism and discrimination as well as health policies and social services impact alcohol-related mortality. Finally, there is a gap in research linking local community contexts with alcohol-related mortality.","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"06"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11530282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oppression-Based Stress and Alcohol Inequities Among Sexual and Gender Minority People: An Intersectional Multilevel Framework.","authors":"Ethan H Mereish","doi":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.05","DOIUrl":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Sexual and gender minority (SGM) people are at heightened risk for alcohol use, hazardous drinking, and alcohol use disorder compared to heterosexual and cisgender individuals. This paper: (a) presents an oppression framework that integrates intersectionality, stress, stigma, and addiction-based theories to examine the complex and nuanced ways oppression-based stress (e.g., minority stress) leads to sexual orientation and gender identity inequities in alcohol use; (b) conducts a narrative review that summarizes recent and novel advancements in the literature on the impact of oppression-based stressors on alcohol use outcomes across structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal domains among SGM people; and (c) provides future research and intervention directions for the alcohol field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A select review of the literature was conducted on July 10, 2023, using multiple electronic databases (i.e., PsycInfo, PubMed, Web of Science) and focusing on studies that had examined the associations between oppression-based stressors and alcohol use outcomes across structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal levels. Search terms focused on alcohol consumption; SGM people, particularly SGM people of color; and oppression-based stress. Cross-sectional studies that focused on heterosexism-based and anti-bisexual oppression-based stressors at the interpersonal or intrapersonal levels and alcohol use outcomes were excluded as they have been included in prior reviews of the literature.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search results: &lt;/strong&gt;The initial and combined search across the databases resulted in 3,205 articles. Of those, the narrative review included 50 peer-reviewed articles that focused on the following four areas of the literature on the associations between oppression-based stressors and alcohol use outcomes: (1) experimental, longitudinal, and experience sampling studies of heterosexism- and anti-bisexual oppression-based stressors (22 articles); (2) any studies of cissexism-based stressors (12 articles); (3) any studies of intersectional oppression among SGM people of color (seven articles, one article overlapped with the first category and another overlapped with the fourth category); and (4) any studies of structural oppression (11 articles).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion and conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Results of this narrative review indicate that mounting evidence implicates oppression-based stress in inequities in alcohol use, hazardous drinking, and alcohol use disorder in SGM populations. This reflects SGM people's embodiment of oppression and injustice at the structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal levels. Given some inconsistent and mixed patterns of findings, future research needs greater specificity in drinking inclusion criteria, robust and well-validated measures, more attention to culturally and developmentally relevant moderating and mediating mechanisms across the lifespan, application of soph","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"05"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11379061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol, HMGB1, and Innate Immune Signaling in the Brain.","authors":"Fulton T Crews, Leon G Coleman, Victoria A Macht, Ryan P Vetreno","doi":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.04","DOIUrl":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Binge drinking (i.e., consuming enough alcohol to achieve a blood ethanol concentration of 80 mg/dL, approximately 4-5 drinks within 2 hours), particularly in early adolescence, can promote progressive increases in alcohol drinking and alcohol-related problems that develop into compulsive use in the chronic relapsing disease, alcohol use disorder (AUD). Over the past decade, neuroimmune signaling has been discovered to contribute to alcohol-induced changes in drinking, mood, and neurodegeneration. This review presents a mechanistic hypothesis supporting high mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling as key elements of alcohol-induced neuroimmune signaling across glia and neurons, which shifts gene transcription and synapses, altering neuronal networks that contribute to the development of AUD. This hypothesis may help guide further research on prevention and treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The authors used the search terms \"HMGB1 protein,\" \"alcohol,\" and \"brain\" across PubMed, Scopus, and Embase to find articles published between 1991 and 2023.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Search results: &lt;/strong&gt;The database search found 54 references in PubMed, 47 in Scopus, and 105 in Embase. A total of about 100 articles were included.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion and conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;In the brain, immune signaling molecules play a role in normal development that differs from their functions in inflammation and the immune response, although cellular receptors and signaling are shared. In adults, pro-inflammatory signals have emerged as contributing to brain adaptation in stress, depression, AUD, and neurodegenerative diseases. HMGB1, a cytokine-like signaling protein released from activated cells, including neurons, is hypothesized to activate pro-inflammatory signals through TLRs that contribute to adaptations to binge and chronic heavy drinking. HMGB1 alone and in heteromers with other molecules activates TLRs and other immune receptors that spread signaling across neurons and glia. Both blood and brain levels of HMGB1 increase with ethanol exposure. In rats, an adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) binge drinking model persistently increases brain HMGB1 and its receptors; alters microglia, forebrain cholinergic neurons, and neuronal networks; and increases alcohol drinking and anxiety while disrupting cognition. Studies of human postmortem AUD brain have found elevated levels of HMGB1 and TLRs. These signals reduce cholinergic neurons, whereas microglia, the brain's immune cells, are activated by binge drinking. Microglia regulate synapses through complement proteins that can change networks affected by AIE that increase drinking, contributing to risks for AUD. Anti-inflammatory drugs, exercise, cholinesterase inhibitors, and histone deacetylase epigenetic inhibitors prevent and reverse the AIE-induced pathology. Further, HMGB1 antagonists and other anti-inflammatory treatments may provide","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"04"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11318841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141972339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol Use Disorder and Dementia: A Review.","authors":"Natalie M Zahr","doi":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.03","DOIUrl":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>By 2040, 21.6% of Americans will be over age 65, and the population of those older than age 85 is estimated to reach 14.4 million. Although not causative, older age is a risk factor for dementia: every 5 years beyond age 65, the risk doubles; approximately one-third of those older than age 85 are diagnosed with dementia. As current alcohol consumption among older adults is significantly higher compared to previous generations, a pressing question is whether drinking alcohol increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>Databases explored included PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect. To accomplish this narrative review on the effects of alcohol consumption on dementia risk, the literature covered included clinical diagnoses, epidemiology, neuropsychology, postmortem pathology, neuroimaging and other biomarkers, and translational studies. Searches conducted between January 12 and August 1, 2023, included the following terms and combinations: \"aging,\" \"alcoholism,\" \"alcohol use disorder (AUD),\" \"brain,\" \"CNS,\" \"dementia,\" \"Wernicke,\" \"Korsakoff,\" \"Alzheimer,\" \"vascular,\" \"frontotemporal,\" \"Lewy body,\" \"clinical,\" \"diagnosis,\" \"epidemiology,\" \"pathology,\" \"autopsy,\" \"postmortem,\" \"histology,\" \"cognitive,\" \"motor,\" \"neuropsychological,\" \"magnetic resonance,\" \"imaging,\" \"PET,\" \"ligand,\" \"degeneration,\" \"atrophy,\" \"translational,\" \"rodent,\" \"rat,\" \"mouse,\" \"model,\" \"amyloid,\" \"neurofibrillary tangles,\" \"α-synuclein,\" or \"presenilin.\" When relevant, \"species\" (i.e., \"humans\" or \"other animals\") was selected as an additional filter. Review articles were avoided when possible.</p><p><strong>Search results: </strong>The two terms \"alcoholism\" and \"aging\" retrieved about 1,350 papers; adding phrases-for example, \"postmortem\" or \"magnetic resonance\"-limited the number to fewer than 100 papers. Using the traditional term, \"alcoholism\" with \"dementia\" resulted in 876 citations, but using the currently accepted term \"alcohol use disorder (AUD)\" with \"dementia\" produced only 87 papers. Similarly, whereas the terms \"Alzheimer's\" and \"alcoholism\" yielded 318 results, \"Alzheimer's\" and \"alcohol use disorder (AUD)\" returned only 40 citations. As pertinent postmortem pathology papers were published in the 1950s and recent animal models of Alzheimer's disease were created in the early 2000s, articles referenced span the years 1957 to 2024. In total, more than 5,000 articles were considered; about 400 are herein referenced.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Chronic alcohol misuse accelerates brain aging and contributes to cognitive impairments, including those in the mnemonic domain. The consensus among studies from multiple disciplines, however, is that alcohol misuse can increase the risk for dementia, but not necessarily Alzheimer's disease. Key issues to consider include the reversibility of brain damage following abstinence from chronic alcohol misuse","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"03"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11135165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141176978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep-Related Predictors of Risk for Alcohol Use and Related Problems in Adolescents and Young Adults.","authors":"Brant P Hasler, Christina T Schulz, Sarah L Pedersen","doi":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.02","DOIUrl":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Growing evidence supports sleep and circadian rhythms as influencing alcohol use and the course of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Studying sleep/circadian-alcohol associations during adolescence and young adulthood may be valuable for identifying sleep/circadian-related approaches to preventing and/or treating AUD. This paper reviews current evidence for prospective associations between sleep/circadian factors and alcohol involvement during adolescence and young adulthood with an emphasis on the effects of sleep/circadian factors on alcohol use.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>The authors conducted a literature search in PsycInfo, PubMed, and Web of Science using the search terms \"sleep\" and \"alcohol\" paired with \"adolescent\" or \"adolescence\" or \"young adult\" or \"emerging adult,\" focusing on the title/abstract fields, and restricting to English-language articles. Next, the search was narrowed to articles with a prospective/longitudinal or experimental design, a sleep-related measure as a predictor, an alcohol-related measure as an outcome, and confirming a primarily adolescent and/or young adult sample. This step was completed by a joint review of candidate article abstracts by two of the authors.</p><p><strong>Search results: </strong>The initial search resulted in 720 articles. After review of the abstracts, the list was narrowed to 27 articles reporting on observational longitudinal studies and three articles reporting on intervention trials. Noted for potential inclusion were 35 additional articles that reported on studies with alcohol-related predictors and sleep-related outcomes, and/or reported on candidate moderators or mediators of sleep-alcohol associations. Additional articles were identified via review of relevant article reference lists and prior exposure based on the authors' previous work in this area.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Overall, the review supports a range of sleep/circadian characteristics during adolescence and young adulthood predicting the development of alcohol use and/or alcohol-related problems. Although sleep treatment studies in adolescents and young adults engaging in regular and/or heavy drinking show that sleep can be improved in those individuals, as well as potentially reducing alcohol craving and alcohol-related consequences, no studies in any age group have yet demonstrated that improving sleep reduces drinking behavior. Notable limitations include relatively few longitudinal studies and only two experimental studies, insufficient consideration of different assessment timescales (e.g., day-to-day vs. years), insufficient consideration of the multidimensional nature of sleep, a paucity of objective measures of sleep and circadian rhythms, and insufficient consideration of how demographic variables may influence sleep/circadian-alcohol associations. Examining such moderators, particularly those related to minoritized identities, as well as further inves","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"02"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10948113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut-Liver-Brain Axis and Alcohol Use Disorder: Treatment Potential of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation.","authors":"Jennifer T Wolstenholme, Nikki K Duong, Emily R Brocato, Jasmohan S Bajaj","doi":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.01","DOIUrl":"10.35946/arcr.v44.1.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chronic alcohol use is a major cause of liver damage and death. In the United States, multiple factors have led to low utilization of pharmacotherapy for alcohol use disorder (AUD), including lack of provider knowledge and comfort in prescribing medications for AUD. Alcohol consumption has direct effects on the gut microbiota, altering the diversity of bacteria and leading to bacterial overgrowth. Growing evidence suggests that alcohol's effects on the gut microbiome may contribute to increased alcohol consumption and progression of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). This article reviews human and preclinical studies investigating the role of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in ameliorating alcohol-associated alterations to the liver, gut, and brain resulting in altered behavior; it also discusses the therapeutic potential of FMT.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>For this narrative review, a literature search was conducted in September 2022 of PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar to identify studies published between January 2012 and September 2022. Search terms used included \"fecal microbiota transplantation\" and \"alcohol.\"</p><p><strong>Search results: </strong>Most results of the literature search were review articles or articles on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; these were excluded. Of the remaining empirical manuscripts, very few described clinical or preclinical studies that were directly investigating the effects of FMT on alcohol drinking or related behaviors. Ultimately, 16 studies were included in the review.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The literature search identified only a few studies that were directly investigating the effect of FMT on ALD or alcohol drinking and related behaviors. Largely proof-of-concept studies, these findings demonstrate that alcohol can alter the gut microbiome and that the microbiome can be transferred between humans and rodents to alter affective behaviors frequently associated with increased alcohol use. Other studies have shown promise of FMT or other probiotic supplementation in alleviating some of the symptoms associated with ALD and drinking. These results show that the implementation of FMT as a therapeutic approach is still in the investigatory stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"44 1","pages":"01"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10843328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139698945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}