Alcohol research : current reviews最新文献_第4页

In this Issue 本期

Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-ITI8-10

D. Katherine, M. Keyes, M. Hatzenbuehler, B. Grant, D. Hasin, Jeremiah A. Schumm, K. M., J. Smith, C. Randall

引用次数: 0

The Epidemiology of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder. 创伤后应激障碍和酒精使用障碍的流行病学。

Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2018-01-01

Nathan D L Smith, Linda B Cottler

引用次数: 0

Behavioral Treatments for Alcohol Use Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. 酒精使用障碍和创伤后应激障碍的行为治疗。

Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2018-01-01

Julianne C Flanagan, Jennifer L Jones, Amber M Jarnecke, Sudie E Back

{"title":"Behavioral Treatments for Alcohol Use Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.","authors":"Julianne C Flanagan, Jennifer L Jones, Amber M Jarnecke, Sudie E Back","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are highly prevalent and debilitating psychiatric conditions that commonly co-occur. Individuals with comorbid AUD and PTSD incur heightened risk for other psychiatric problems (e.g., depression and anxiety), impaired vocational and social functioning, and poor treatment outcomes. This review describes evidence-supported behavioral interventions for treating AUD alone, PTSD alone, and comorbid AUD and PTSD. Evidence-based behavioral interventions for AUD include relapse prevention, contingency management, motivational enhancement, couples therapy, 12-step facilitation, community reinforcement, and mindfulness. Evidence-based PTSD interventions include prolonged exposure therapy, cognitive processing therapy, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, psychotherapy incorporating narrative exposure, and present-centered therapy. The differing theories behind sequential versus integrated treatment of comorbid AUD and PTSD are presented, as is evidence supporting the use of integrated treatment models. Future research on this complex, dual-diagnosis population is necessary to improve understanding of how individual characteristics, such as gender and treatment goals, affect treatment outcome.","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"39 2","pages":"181-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6561400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41221482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender Differences in Binge Drinking: Prevalence, Predictors, and Consequences 酗酒中的性别差异。

Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2018-01-01

Richard W Wilsnack, Sharon C Wilsnack, Gerhard Gmel, Lori Wolfgang Kantor

引用次数: 0

Alcoholic Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and Current Management. 酒精性肝病：发病机制和目前的治疗方法。

Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Natalia A Osna, Terrence M Donohue, Kusum K Kharbanda

{"title":"Alcoholic Liver Disease: Pathogenesis and Current Management.","authors":"Natalia A Osna, Terrence M Donohue, Kusum K Kharbanda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive alcohol consumption is a global healthcare problem. The liver sustains the greatest degree of tissue injury by heavy drinking because it is the primary site of ethanol metabolism. Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption produces a wide spectrum of hepatic lesions, the most characteristic of which are steatosis, hepatitis, and fibrosis/cirrhosis. Steatosis is the earliest response to heavy drinking and is characterized by the deposition of fat in hepatocytes. Steatosis can progress to steatohepatitis, which is a more severe, inflammatory type of liver injury. This stage of liver disease can lead to the development of fibrosis, during which there is excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. The fibrotic response begins with active pericellular fibrosis, which may progress to cirrhosis, characterized by excessive liver scarring, vascular alterations, and eventual liver failure. Among problem drinkers, about 35 percent develop advanced liver disease because a number of disease modifiers exacerbate, slow, or prevent alcoholic liver disease progression. There are still no FDA-approved pharmacological or nutritional therapies for treating patients with alcoholic liver disease. Cessation of drinking (i.e., abstinence) is an integral part of therapy. Liver transplantation remains the life-saving strategy for patients with end-stage alcoholic liver disease.","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"38 2","pages":"147-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5513682/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41179549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development, Prevention, and Treatment of Alcohol-Induced Organ Injury: The Role of Nutrition. 酒精性器官损伤的发展、预防和治疗：营养的作用。

Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Shirish Barve, Shao-Yu Chen, Irina Kirpich, Walter H Watson, Craig Mcclain

{"title":"Development, Prevention, and Treatment of Alcohol-Induced Organ Injury: The Role of Nutrition.","authors":"Shirish Barve, Shao-Yu Chen, Irina Kirpich, Walter H Watson, Craig Mcclain","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Alcohol and nutrition have the potential to interact at multiple levels. For example, heavy alcohol consumption can interfere with normal nutrition, resulting in overall malnutrition or in deficiencies of important micronutrients, such as zinc, by reducing their absorption or increasing their loss. Interactions between alcohol consumption and nutrition also can affect epigenetic regulation of gene expression by influencing multiple regulatory mechanisms, including methylation and acetylation of histone proteins and DNA. These effects may contribute to alcohol-related organ or tissue injury. The impact of alcohol-nutrition interactions has been assessed for several organs and tissues, including the intestine, where heavy alcohol use can increase intestinal permeability, and the liver, where the degree of malnutrition can be associated with the severity of liver injury and liver disease. Alcohol-nutrition interactions also play a role in alcohol-related lung injury, brain injury, and immune dysfunction. Therefore, treatment involving nutrient supplementation (e.g., with zinc or S-adenosylmethionine) may help prevent or attenuate some types of alcohol-induced organ damage.","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"38 2","pages":"289-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5513692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41162308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcohol's Effects on the Brain: Neuroimaging Results in Humans and Animal Models. 酒精对大脑的影响：人类和动物模型的神经成像结果。

Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2017-01-01

Natalie M Zahr, Adolf Pfefferbaum

{"title":"Alcohol's Effects on the Brain: Neuroimaging Results in Humans and Animal Models.","authors":"Natalie M Zahr, Adolf Pfefferbaum","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Brain imaging technology has allowed researchers to conduct rigorous studies of the dynamic course of alcoholism through periods of drinking, sobriety, and relapse and to gain insights into the effects of chronic alcoholism on the human brain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have distinguished alcohol-related brain effects that are permanent from those that are reversible with abstinence. In support of postmortem neuropathological studies showing degeneration of white matter, MRI studies have shown a specific vulnerability of white matter to chronic alcohol exposure. Such studies have demonstrated white-matter volume deficits as well as damage to selective gray-matter structures. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), by permitting microstructural characterization of white matter, has extended MRI findings in alcoholics. MR spectroscopy (MRS) allows quantification of several metabolites that shed light on brain biochemical alterations caused by alcoholism. This article focuses on MRI, DTI, and MRS findings in neurological disorders that commonly co-occur with alcoholism, including Wernicke's encephalopathy, Korsakoff's syndrome, and hepatic encephalopathy. Also reviewed are neuroimaging findings in animal models of alcoholism and related neurological disorders. This report also suggests that the dynamic course of alcoholism presents a unique opportunity to examine brain structural and functional repair and recovery.","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"38 2","pages":"183-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5513685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41171413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alcohol and HIV Effects on the Immune System. 酒精和艾滋病毒对免疫系统的影响。

Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Gregory J Bagby, Angela M Amedee, Robert W Siggins, Patricia E Molina, Steve Nelson, Ronald S Veazey

引用次数: 0

Macrophages and Alcohol-Related Liver Inflammation. 巨噬细胞与酒精导致的肝脏炎症

Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Cynthia Ju, Pranoti Mandrekar

{"title":"Macrophages and Alcohol-Related Liver Inflammation.","authors":"Cynthia Ju, Pranoti Mandrekar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies have suggested that macrophages have a critical role in the development of alcohol-induced inflammation in the liver. To define the precise pathogenic function of these cells during alcoholic liver disease (ALD), it is extremely important to conduct extensive studies in clinical settings that further elucidate the phenotypic diversity of macrophages In the context of ALD. Research to date already has identified several characteristics of macrophages that underlie the cells' actions, including macrophage polarization and their phenotypic diversity. Other analyses have focused on the contributions of resident versus infiltrating macrophages/monocytes, as well as on the roles of macrophage mediators, in the development of ALD. Findings point to the potential of macrophages as a therapeutic target in alcoholic liver injury. Future studies directed toward understanding how alcohol affects macrophage phenotypic switch in the liver and other tissues, whether the liver microenvironment determines macrophage function in ALO and if targeting of macrophages alleviates alcoholic liver injury, will provide promising strategies to manage patients with alcoholic hepatitis.","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"37 2","pages":"251-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuroimmune Function and the Consequences of Alcohol Exposure. 神经免疫功能和酒精暴露的后果。

Alcohol research : current reviews Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Fulton T Crews, Dipak K Sarkar, Liya Qin, Jian Zou, Nadka Boyadjieva, Ryan P Vetreno

{"title":"Neuroimmune Function and the Consequences of Alcohol Exposure.","authors":"Fulton T Crews, Dipak K Sarkar, Liya Qin, Jian Zou, Nadka Boyadjieva, Ryan P Vetreno","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Induction of neuroimmune genes by binge drinking increases neuronal excitability and oxidative stress, contributing to the neurobiology of alcohol dependence and causing neurodegeneration. Ethanol exposure activates signaling pathways featuring high-mobility group box 1 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), resulting in induction of the transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, which regulates expression of several cytokine genes involved in innate immunity, and its target genes. This leads to persistent neuroimmune responses to ethanol that stimulate TLRs and/or certain glutamate receptors (i.e., N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors). Alcohol also alters stress responses, causing elevation of peripheral cytokines, which further sensitize neuroimmune responses to ethanol. Neuroimmune signaling and glutamate excitotoxicity are linked to alcoholic neurodegeneration. Models of alcohol abuse have identified significant frontal cortical degeneration and loss of hippocampal neurogenesis, consistent with neuroimmune activation pathology contributing to these alcohol-induced, long-lasting changes in the brain. These alcohol-induced long-lasting increases in brain neuroimmune-gene expression also may contribute to the neurobiology of alcohol use disorder.","PeriodicalId":56367,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol research : current reviews","volume":"37 2","pages":"331-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4590627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148876624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0