Forestry Journal最新文献

{"title":"Historical abiotic damage to forests in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids (Czech Republic)","authors":"Š. Křístek, J. Holuša","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2015-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2015-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Historical sources provide evidence of the condition and damage to forests over time. Lesprojekt (The Forest Management Institute, which is a governmental institution under the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic) evaluated data from records deposited in the national archives in three cycles of historical research (1966–67, 1976, 1982–83) conducted in the state forests (forest enterprise of the state forests). The processed data was critically evaluated and formed the foundation of a long term series (1875–2012) of windfalls and snow damage. The aim of this paper was to summarise the data pertaining to such enormous abiotic damage in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids (Outer Western Carpathians, Czech Republic), its temporality, frequency and intensity. A spatial analysis of snow calamities was conducted during the last disturbance episodes in the winters of 2005/2006 and in October 2009. The historical records showed that the most extensive disturbances occurred in 1916, when 600,000 m3 of wood was damaged in the monitored area. Some findings were discussed in relation to silvicultural interventions in the Moravian-Silesian Beskids. In the conclusion, some problems and limitations concerning the reliability of data obtained this way are indicated.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"196 - 202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84942662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aboveground Net Primary Production of tree cover at the post-disturbance area in the Tatra National Park, Slovakia","authors":"B. Konôpka, J. Pajtík, V. Šebeň, M. Bošeľa","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2015-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2015-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Large-scale disturbances under the conditions of Slovakia, caused especially by storm and bark beetle, bring dramatic decline in carbon budget of the country, besides other negative consequences. The largest disturbance in modern history of the Slovak forestry was the storm damage that occurred in November 2004. The Tatra National Park (TNP) was one of the most affected regions. Thus, in this territory, two transects (T1 – the Danielov dom site and T2 – near the Horný Smokovec village) were established to survey basic dendrometric properties of trees in young stands established after the disaster. The standing stock of aboveground biomass in tree cover for the spring and autumn 2014 was calculated using the recorded variables, i.e. tree height and diameter measured at the stem base, together with the region-specific allometric relations. Then, the Aboveground Net Primary Production (ANPP) in tree cover was estimated with respect to its components (stem, branches and foliage). ANPP was 315 g m−2 per year (Transect T1), and 391 g m−2 per year (Transect T2). The differences in the structure of ANPP, i.e. contribution of tree components, were found between transects T1 and T2. They were caused by the contrasting tree species composition, specifically the ratios between Norway spruce and broadleaved species. Broadleaves allocated more biomass production to foliage than spruce. This phenomenon together with higher turnover (once a year) of foliage caused that broadleaves manifest higher share of fast-cycling carbon in comparison to the amount of carbon sequestrated in woody parts (stem and branches). High variability of ANPP was found within the transects, i.e. among the plots (microsites). As for the representative estimation of the standing stock of aboveground part of tree cover as well as ANPP at the post-disturbance area in the TNP territory, the survey should be performed on a net of research plots. Only this approach enables reliable estimates of carbon amount sequestrated in woody parts, eventually carbon yearly absorbed by young forest stands.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"167 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89817652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salvage felling in the Slovak forests in the period 2004–2013","authors":"A. Kunca, M. Zúbrik, J. Galko, J. Vakula, R. Leontovyč, B. Konôpka, C. Nikolov, Andrej Gubka, V. Longauerová, M. Maľová, P. Kaštier, Slavomír Rell","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2015-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2015-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Salvage felling is one of the indicators of the forest health quality and stability. Most of the European Union countries monitor forest harmful agents, which account for salvage felling, in order to see trends or functionality between factors and to be able to predict their development. The systematic evidence of forest harmful agents and volume of salvage felling in Slovakia started at the Forest Research Institute in Zvolen in 1960. The paper focuses on the occurrence of the most relevant harmful agents and volume of salvage felling in the Slovak forests over the last decade. Within the 10 years period (2004–2013) salvage felling in Slovakia reached 42.31 mil. m3 of wood, which was 53.2% of the total felling. Wind and European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus damaged 78.4% of salvage wood, i.e. they were the most important pest agents. Norway spruce (Picea abies) was the most frequently damaged tree species that represented the amount of 35.6 mil. m3 of wood (81.2% of total volume of salvage felling). As Norway spruce grows mostly in mountains, these regions of Central and Northern Slovakia were most affected. At the damaged localities new forests were prevailingly established with regard to suitable ecological conditions for trees, climate change scenarios and if possible, natural regeneration has been preferred. These approaches in forest stand regeneration together with silvicultural and control measures are assumed to gradually decrease the amount of salvage felling over long term perspective.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"121 1","pages":"188 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85326261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voľba lesného reprodukčného materiálu v podmienkach klimatickej zmeny / Choice of forest reproductive material under conditions of climate change","authors":"Dušan Gömöry, Roman Longauer, Diana Krajmerová","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2015-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2015-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Climate change may endanger not only yield and fulfilling the social functions of European forests, but even the survival of several tree species. The study emphasises the complexity of climatic factors and physiological mechanisms, which may potentially endanger the persistence of tree populations and which cannot be reduced to problems of drought and temperature increase. A substantial inter-population variation in traits associated with the response to climatic stress, observed in provenance experiments, is a prerequisite for the choice of proper forest reproductive material (FRM) in reforestation as a strategy of climate-change mitigation. Assisted migration, i.e., transfer of FRM from source regions, currently characterised by such climate characteristics, which are expected in the target regions in the future, requires knowledge of key stress factors (depending on the climate scenario), physiological processes associated with the adaptation to this stress, identification of genes and eventually epigenetic mechanisms, controlling adaptation processes, and finally mapping of genetic and/or epigenetic variation in key genes. For most tree species, such information is not yet available. Therefore, assisted migration under such information uncertainty needs to be complemented by in situ gene conservation measures to preserve the possibility of reversing the effects of eventual erroneous decisions on FRM transfer. Abstrakt Prebiehajúca klimatická zmena môže ohroziť nielen produkčné schopnosti európskych lesov a plnenie ich celospoločenských funkcií, ale aj samotné prežitie viacerých druhov drevín. Práca poukazuje na komplexnosť klimatických faktorov a fyziologických mechanizmov, ktoré môžu potenciálne ohrozovať prežitie drevín, a ktoré nemožno redukovať na problém sucha a zvýšenia teplôt. Značná medzipopulačná variabilita lesných drevín v znakoch súvisiacich s odozvou na klimatický stres, pozorovaná v provenienčných pokusoch, je predpokladom využitia voľby vhodného reprodukčného materiálu pri umelej obnove lesa ako stratégie adaptácie na klimatickú zmenu. Riadená migrácia, teda prenos lesného reprodukčného materiálu (LRM) zo zdrojových oblastí, ktoré v súčasnosti vykazujú klimatické charakteristiky, očakávané v cieľovej oblasti v budúcnosti, vyžaduje znalosť kľúčových stresových faktorov, závisiacich od klimatického scenára, fyziologických procesov, spojených s adaptáciou na tieto stresy, identifikáciu génov či epigenetických mechanizmov, kontrolujúcich adaptačné procesy a zmapovanie genetickej či epigenetickej variability kľúčových génov. Pri väčšine drevín tieto informácie zatiaľ nie sú k dispozícii. V podmienkach informačnej neistoty musí byť preto riadená migrácia doplnená opatreniami na zachovanie genofondu lesných drevín in situ, aby bolo možné v čo najväčšom rozsahu zvrátiť dôsledky prípadných chybných rozhodnutí pri prenose LRM.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"124 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74657768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatially-constrained harvest scheduling with respect to environmental requirements and silvicultural system / Prostorové plánování mýtních těžeb zahrnující environmentální požadavky a hospodářské způsoby","authors":"R. Marušák, J. Kašpar","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2015-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2015-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There has been an increasing demand for environmental considerations (e.g. unharvested patches) in forest harvest scheduling in the last decades. In Slovakia and the Czech Republic, allowable cut indicators are not based on the spatial structure; thus, they are unable to incorporate these additional conditions. Many harvest scheduling models based on integer and mixed integer programming have been developed throughout the world, but their use in forest management in Slovakia and the Czech Republic is rare. These approaches have mostly been developed for clear-cut management systems and do not exist for shelterwood systems. Harvest scheduling approaches for a two-phase, small-scale shelterwood system and a clear-cut system are presented. The models also include environmental requirements that restrict area of forest stands that are not to be harvested over the planning horizon. A mathematical formulation of that requirement was integrated into the forestry decision support system Optimal to solve all analysed harvest scheduling alternatives for small-scale shelterwood and clear-cut systems. Our results indicated that the total harvest volume amounts could be higher when a two-phase, small- -scale shelterwood system is applied. While there are legal adjacency constraints regulating clear-cut harvests, the influence of additional environmental requirements on the total harvested amount is more restrictive for the shelterwood system because of greater area available for harvest. Both scenarios of maximization of harvested volume and net present value provided comparable results. Abstrakt V současné době stále narůstají požadavky společnosti na plnění environmentálních aspektů při procesu plánování těžeb. Těžební ukazatelé, které jsou stále ještě používány na Slovensku a v České republice, nemohou takovýto typ omezení zahrnovat, protože nejsou založeny na prostorové struktuře. Mnoho alternativních modelů plánování těžeb, které jsou založeny na celočíselném a smíšeném celočíselném programování, již bylo vyvinuto. Tyto modely jsou ale bohužel ve většině případů určeny pouze pro holosečný hospodářský způsob a modely pro podrostní hospodářský způsob stále chybí. V této práci je prezentován model plánování určený pro dvoufázovou maloplošnou clonnou seč jako jedné z alternativ podrostního hospodářského způsobu. Model zahrnuje také environmentální aspekty, které jsou reprezentovány ponecháním dané plochy mýtních porostů bez zásahu. Uvedený matematický model byl implementován do systému podpory rozhodování Optimal, pomocí kterého byly také analyzovány všechny uvedené alternativy. Naše výsledky ukazují, že celková těžba může být vyšší v případě podrostního hospodářského způsobu. Protože jsou zahrnuty prostorové zákonné podmínky přiřazování sečí, je vliv environmentálních podmínek větší v případě holosečného hospodářského způsobu než u podrostního hospodářského způsobu. Maximalizace těžby i čisté současné hodnoty vykazují srovnatelné výsledky.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":"71 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80249992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of deforestation on watershed water balance: hydrological modelling-based approach / Vplyv odlesnenia na vodnú bilanciu povodia: prístup na báze hydrologického modelovania","authors":"T. Hlásny, Dušan Kočický, Martin Maretta, Zuzana Sitková, Ivan Barka, Milan Konôpka, Helena Hlavatá","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2015-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2015-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Changes in land cover, including deforestation, can have significant effect on watershed hydrology. We used hydrological model with distributed parameters to evaluate the effect of simulated deforestation on water balance components in the watershed Ulička (97 km2, 84.3% forest cover) located in the eastern Slovakia. Under the current land cover, average interception accounted for 21.1% of the total precipitation during the calibration period 2001-2013. Most of the precipitation (77%) infiltrated into the soil profile, and less than half of this amount percolated into the ground water aquifer. The surface runoff accounted for 1.2% of the total precipitation only, while the interflow accounted for ca. 12%. The largest proportion of the precipitation contributed to the base flow (23%). Watershed`s deforestation induced significant decrease in the interception and evapotranspiration (by 76% and 12%, respectively). At the same time, total runoff, surface runoff, interflow and base flow increased by 20.4, 38.8, 9.0 and 25.5%, respectively. Daily discharge increased by 20%. The deforestation significantly increased peak discharge induced by a simulated extreme precipitation event with the recurrence interval of 100 years. In the deforested watershed, the peak discharge was higher by 58% as compared with the current land cover. Peak discharge occurred in 432 minutes with the current land cover and in 378 minutes with deforestation, after the precipitation event had started. The presented assessment emphasized the risk of adverse effect of excessive deforestation on watershed hydrology. At the same time, the developed model allows testing the effect of other land cover scenarios, and thus supports management in the investigated watershed. Abstrakt Zmeny vo vegetačnom kryte a využívaní krajiny, vrátane odlesnení, môžu mať významný vplyv na hydrologickú bilanciu povodí. V tejto štúdii bol na analýzu vplyvu simulovaného odlesnenia na jednotlivé zložky vodnej bilancie použitý hydrologický model s distribuovanými parametrami. Výskum bol realizovaný v povodí Ulička na východnom Slovensku (97 km2, lesnatosť 84,3 %). Pri súčasnom využívaní krajiny pripadalo na intercepciu v priemere 21,1 % z celkového úhrnu zrážok počas kalibračného obdobia 2001 - 2013. Najväčší podiel zrážok (77 %) bol infiltrovaný do pôdneho profilu a necelá polovica z tohoto množstva prenikla do vodonosnej vrstvy podzemnej vody. Zatiaľ čo podpovrchový odtok tvoril z celkového úhrnu zrážok približne 12 %, v prípade povrchového odtoku išlo len o 1,2 % podiel. Najvyššia časť úhrnu zrážok prispela k tvorbe základného odtoku (23 %). Simulované odlesnenie povodia vyvolalo významný pokles intercepcie (o 76 %) a evapotranspirácie (o 12 %). Celkový, povrchový, podpovrchový a základný odtok zároveň vzrástli o 20,4; 38,8; 9,0 a 25,5 %. Denný prietok sa v priemere zvýšil o 20 %. Odlesnenie významne ovplyvnilo kulminačný prietok vyvolaný simulovanou extrémnou zrážkovou udalosťou s pravdepodobnosť","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"89 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79150766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon balance in harvested wood products in Slovakia / Bilancia uhlíka v drevných produktoch na Slovensku","authors":"R. Rasi, E. Cienciala, T. Priwitzer, Štěpán Palán, P. Pavlenda","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2015-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2015-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The forests in Slovakia are managed according to the forest management plans. The limits for cuttings are prescribed according to the rules of sustainable forest management. Thus, the produced timber becomes the sustainable natural resource. The purpose of wood use has implications for the carbon balance. Wood products for long term use represent a carbon pool from which carbon is released according to decay of products. The method for calculation and results of carbon balance of harvested wood products in Slovakia are provided in this paper. According to the results, the total amount of carbon stored in the harvested wood products in Slovakia have had an increasing trend in the last years and reached almost 15 Tg. The calculation follows the methods and good practice guidance arising from the Kyoto Protocol. Abstrakt Lesy sú na Slovensku obhospodarované podľa programov starostlivosti o lesy. Limity pre objem ťažby sú predpísané na základe pravidiel trvalo udržateľného obhospodarovania lesov. Týmto spôsobom sa produkované drevo stáva obnoviteľnou surovinou s trvalo udržateľnou produkciou. Následné využitie dreva má vplyv na bilanciu uhlíka a produkty z dreva určené na dlhodobé využívanie predstavujú zásobáreň uhlíka, z ktorej sa uhlík uvoľňuje pri rozklade dreva po ukončení životnosti drevného produktu. V práci je prezentovaný metodický postup výpočtu a výsledky bilancie uhlíka v produktoch z dreva na Slovensku. Podľa výsledkov je celkové množstvo uhlíka uloženého v drevných produktoch odhadnuté na 15 Tg a doteraz malo stúpajúci trend. Metodický postup je spracovaný podľa metód a praktických návodov spracovaných v súvislosti s postupmi navrhnutými pre hodnotenie plnenia záväzkov vyplývajúcich z Kjótskeho protokolu.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":"101 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79882615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modely výškových kriviek jedľovo-bukových porastov Východných Karpát / Models of height curves in fir-beech stands of the Eastern Carpathians","authors":"Tomáš Klouček, Igor Štefančík, Rudolf Petráš, Julian Mecko, Martin Slávik","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2015-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2015-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The models of height curves were derived from repeated measurements at six permanent research plots in the experimental object of Komárnik situated in the Eastern Carpathians. During more than 50 years of investigation, the heights of 1,346 beech and 1,208 fir trees were measured. Tree heights had a great variability, but the stage-shift of height curves was not confirmed. The non-linear regression models of height curves for beech and fir were derived, where tree height is a function of tree diameter and model height for a selected diameter class. They are based on the Korf growth curve with three parameters. The models explained 90% and 94% of beech and fir height variability, respectively. The models confirmed the actual knowledge that fir had higher tree height increment than beech especially for trees with greater diameters. The comparison of our models to those developed by other authors showed that the shape of height curves slightly differed. Beech curve was characterised by greater, while fir curve by lesser curvature in comparison with other published models. Our models have only local validity due to the limited scope of experimental data. They can be applied under the local conditions in order to perform valuation and simulation of growing stock development and increments of uneven-aged and multistoried fir-beech stands. Abstrakt Odvodili sa modely výškových kriviek z experimentálneho materiálu opakovaných meraní šiestich trvalých výskumných plôch na výskumnom objekte Komárnik vo Východných Karpatoch. Počas viac ako 50-ročného sledovania sa zmeralo 1 346 výšok pre buk a 1 208 pre jedľu. Výšky majú všeobecne veľkú variabilitu, ale nepreukázal sa štádiový posun výškových kriviek. Odvodili sa nelineárne regresné modely výškových kriviek pre buk a jedľu, kde výška stromu je funkciou jeho hrúbky a modelovej výšky pre zvolený hrúbkový stupeň. Ich základom je Korfova rastová krivka s tromi parametrami. Modelom je vysvetlených 90 % variability výšok pri buku a 94 % pri jedli. Modely potvrdili doterajšie poznatky, že jedľa má najmä pri hrubších stromoch vyššie výškové prírastky ako buk. V porovnaní k modelom iných autorov majú odvodené modely málo odlišný tvar výškových kriviek. Buk má väčšiu a jedľa menšiu krivosť ako porovnávané modely. Modely majú vzhľadom na obmedzený rozsah experimentálneho materiálu len lokálny charakter. Pre miestne pomery sa môžu aplikovať na bonitovanie a simulovanie vývoja zásob a prírastku nerovnovekých a viacetážových jedľovo-bukových porastov.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"107 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82575351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teoretické východiská a praktické opatrenia na harmonizáciu záujmov lesného hospodárstva a poľovníctva na Slovensku / Theoretical bases and practical measures to harmonise the interests of forestry and game management in Slovakia","authors":"Peter Kaštier, J. Konôpka, Bohdan Konôpka","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2015-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2015-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Strategic aims and priorities of forestry and game management in Slovakia are characterised. Using current knowledge in the field, common bases for both target sectors are introduced and possibilities for harmonisation of their interests are explained. Development of mutual relationship between forestry and game management is analysed and the causes of existing discrepancies are shown. The main reason of the discrepancies is unfavourable development of ungulate game population and high damage to forests stands caused by game browsing. The final part of the paper presents the recommendations for practical measures to be taken for reaching accordance between both sectors, eventually measures for achieving the primary goal to support all-society’s interests in this field. We base our suggestions on an assumption that both forestry and game management accept the proposed measures, or more precisely the measures will be implemented through mutual collaboration and integration. Abstrakt Charakterizujú sa strategické ciele a priority lesného hospodárstva a poľovníctva na Slovensku. Na úrovni súčasných poznatkov sa uvádzajú spoločné teoretické východiská pre obidva zainteresované subjekty, akceptovaním ktorých možno dosiahnuť harmonizáciu ich záujmov. Analyzuje sa vývoj vzájomných vzťahov lesného hospodárstva a poľovníctva, vymenúvajú sa príčiny a dôsledky rozporov, ktoré vznikli medzi nimi. Ide najmä o nepriaznivý vývoj početnosti raticovej zveri a o vysoké škody ňou spôsobované na lesných porastoch. Finálnou časťou práce sú návrhy praktických opatrení na dosiahnutie súladu medzi obidvomi subjektmi, resp. návrh opatrení na prednostné zabezpečenie plnenia celospoločenského záujmu v tejto oblasti. Vychádza sa z predpokladu, že tak lesné hospodárstvo ako aj poľovníctvo, príjmu navrhované opatrenia, resp. že budú ich realizáciu zabezpečovať vo vzájomnej spolupráci, či integrácii.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"94 1","pages":"114 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79115736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current and simulated structure, growth parameters and regeneration of beech forests with different game management in the Lány Game Enclosure / Struktura, růstové parametry, obnova a modelový vývoj bukových porostů s odlišným způsobem mysliveckého hospodaření v podmínkách Lánské obory","authors":"Robin Ambrož, S. Vacek, Z. Vacek, J. Král’, Igor Štefančík","doi":"10.1515/FORJ-2015-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/FORJ-2015-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents the results of the study of the current and simulated structure of beech forests in the Lány game preserve, which is situated in the Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area in the Czech Republic. The research was conducted at two permanent research plots (PRP) of 0.25 ha in size in a mature beech forest using the FieldMap technology. Typological, soil and phytocoenological stand characteristics and the history of management of both PRP are comparable; however, they differ in the protection against wildlife. The results demonstrated that deer species including red deer (Cervus elaphus L. - 300 head), sika deer (Cervus nippon nippon Temm. - 300 head), mouflon (Ovis musimon Pallas - 250 head) and fallow deer (Dama dama L. - 300 head) is a limiting factor for successful development of natural regeneration of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). Natural regeneration on PRP 1 with wild boar herd (Sus scrofa L. - 150 head) is sufficient in relation to site and stand conditions. On the contrary, there is no regeneration on PRP 2 with the occurrence of deer species. The results of biometric measurements and subsequent predictions by the SIBYLA forest biodynamics simulator indicate that the stands are insignificantly structured, mature, productive beech stands with the absence of individuals in the lower tree layer. Abstrakt V příspěvku jsou prezentovány výsledky studia struktury a dynamiky vývoje bukových porostů v Lánské oboře, která se nachází v Chráněné krajinné oblasti Křivoklátsko v České republice. Výzkum se uskutečnil v dospělém bukovém porostu na dvou trvalých výzkumných plochách (TVP), každá o velikosti 0,25 ha s použitím technologie FieldMap. Typologické, půdní, fytocenologické i porostní charakteristiky obou porovnávaných TVP jsou srovnatelné, odlišují se pouze způsobem ochrany proti zvěři. Výsledky ukázaly, že limitujícím faktorem zdárného vývoje přirozené obnovy buku (Fagus sylvatica L.) je vysoká zvěř, a to jelen evropský (Cervus elaphus L. - 300 ks), jelen sika (Cervus nippon nippon Temm. - 300 ks), muflon (Ovis musimon Pallas - 250 ks) a daněk skvrnitý (Dama dama L. - 300 ks). Přirozená obnova na TVP 1 s černou zvěří (Sus scrofa L. - 150 ks) je dostatečná vzhledem ke stanovištním a porostním poměrům. Naproti tomu na TVP 2 s ostatními druhy zvěře se obnova nevyskytuje. Z výsledků biometrických měření a následných vizualizací pomocí simulátoru biodynamiky lesa Sibyla vyplývá, že se jedná o nevýrazně strukturované, dospělé, produktivní bukové porosty s absencí jedinců spodního stromového patra.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"13 1","pages":"78 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80864668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}