Cancer Biomarkers最新文献

{"title":"Identification of TNFRSF1A as a potential biomarker for osteosarcoma.","authors":"Yuke Zhang, Kai Liu, Jianzhong Wang","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230086","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Osteosarcoma (OS) is a relatively rare malignant bone tumor in teenagers; however, its molecular mechanisms are not yet understood comprehensively.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to use necroptosis-related genes (NRGs) and their relationships with immune-related genes to construct a prognostic signature for OS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TARGET-OS was used as the training dataset, and GSE 16091 and GSE 21257 were used as the validation datasets. Univariate regression, survival analysis, and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to screen for hub genes. The immune-related targets were screened using immune infiltration assays and immune checkpoints. The results were validated using nomogram and decision curve analyses (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using univariate Cox regression analysis, TNFRSF1A was screened from 14 NRGs as an OS prognostic signature. Functional enrichment was analyzed based on the median expression of TNFRSF1A. The prognosis of the TNFRSF1A low-expression group in the Kaplan-Meier curve was notably worse. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the number of activated T cells and tumor purity increased considerably. Furthermore, the immune checkpoint lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG-3) is a possible target for intervention. The nomogram accurately predicted 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates. DCA validated the model (C = 0.669).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TNFRSF1A can be used to elucidate the potential relationship between the immune microenvironment and NRGs in OS pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"299-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11091592/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139514296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic and prognostic utility of TROP-2, SLP-2, and CXCL12 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma.","authors":"Amany Selim Attia, Samia Hussein, Hend Sameh, Amr Khalil, Ahmad Barakat Waley, Ihab Matar, Reham Sameh","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230230","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most frequent thyroid malignancy. Histopathological examination is widely accepted as the gold standard test for the diagnosis of PTC. However, the histopathological examination sometimes can't differentiate PTC from other thyroid diseases. Differentiating PTC from other thyroid diseases is essential for a therapeutic approach and prognosis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study was performed to investigate the utility of TROP-2, SPL-2, and CXCL12 mRNA and protein expression in discriminating PTC from other thyroid diseases that mimic PTC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The current study was performed on 75 cases of surgically resected thyroid glands. The cases were distributed in two groups: the PTC group and the non-PTC group. The PTC group consisted of 35 cases (25 patients of the classic PTC variant and 10 patients of the PTC follicular variant). The non-PTC group consisted of 40 cases (10 cases were multinodular goiter, 5 cases were Graves' disease, 5 cases were Hashimoto thyroiditis, 15 patients were follicular adenoma (FA) and 5 cases were follicular carcinoma). TROP-2, SPL-2, and CXCL12 mRNA expression were estimated by qRT-PCR, and protein expression was estimated by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were upregulated TROP-2, SPL-2, and CXCL12 mRNA and protein expressions in PTC compared to non-PTC (P< 0.001, for each). There was a statistically significant upregulation in the mRNA expression of the three genes among PTC cases with larger tumor sizes (P< 0.001, for each), those with tumor stages III and IV (P= 0.008, 0.002 and < 0.001 respectively), and those with LN metastasis (P< 0.001, for each). Moreover, there was a statistically significant upregulation in CXCL-12 gene expression among PTC cases with extra-thyroid extension (P< 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>mRNA expression of TROP-2, SPL-2, and CXCL12 among PTC cases increased in larger tumor size, tumor stages III and IV, and LN metastasis. Moreover, there was an increase in CXCL-12 gene expression among PTC cases with extra-thyroid extension. Thus, TROP-2, SPL-2, and CXCL12 expressions could be possible diagnostic and prognostic markers in PTC.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"211-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11091596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138813950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-chain noncoding RNA LINC01569 upregulates filamin A-interacting protein 1-like to prevent metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer via sponging miR-300.","authors":"Xinyu Jiang, Juli Lin, Zhanlin Zhu","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230261","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-chain noncoding RNA (lncRNA), LINC01569, is important for regulating the extracellular matrix, which affects cell migration. However, its involvement in the occurrence and development of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study is aimed to investigate the role of LINC01569 on TNBC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Online database was used for clinical data analysis. Cell viability and migration capability were monitored using cell counting kit-8 and transwell assays, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down were used to confirm the binding capability between noncoding RNAs and filamin A-interacting protein 1-like (FILIP1L). Western blotting was used to determine the protein content.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with normal breast tissue, LINC01569 was significantly reduced in patients with TNBC subtype, and LINC01569 expression gradually decreased with the progression of tumor stage. Patients with TNBC with high lncRNA LINC01569 levels had a better prognosis than did patients with low LINC01569 levels. LINC01569 overexpression inhibited the migration capability, whereas siRNA-mediated LINC01569 downregulation promoted the migration capability in TNBC cells. Using ENCORI and lncRNA SNP online databases, miR-300 was screened as the potential sponge of LINC01569. The binding of LINC01569 to miR-300 was confirmed using the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. miR-300 was negatively correlated with LINC01569, and miR-300 mimics eliminated the anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects of LINC01569 on TNBC cells. Additionally, FILIP1L was further verified as the downstream target of miR-300. miR-300 mimics blocked LINC01569 upregulation-mediated elevation of FILIP1L. Importantly, the anti-tumor effects mediated by LINC01569 overexpression were abolished by miR-300 mimics and further restored by FILIP1L upregulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LINC01569 was expressed at a low level in TNBC and could sponge miR-300 to promote FILIP1L expression, reducing the proliferation and metastasis capability of TNBC. Thus, LINC01569 might be a useful biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of metastatic TNBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"79-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11002719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The combined detection of hematological indicators is used for the differential diagnosis of colorectal cancer and benign-colorectal lesions.","authors":"Xuan Zhang, Yang-Yang Wu, Yuan-Yuan Qin, Fa-Quan Lin","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230157","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article aims to investigate the clinical value of hemoglobin/red cell distribution width ratio (Hb/RDW), C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) and plateletcrit (PCT) combined with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in colorectal cancer (CRC) auxiliary diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed in 718 subjects (212 with CRC, 209 with benign colorectal lesions (BCL), 111 with other cancers, and 186 healthy controls).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CAR, PCT, and CEA in the CRC group were higher than those in the BCL, other cancers, and the healthy control group. However, Hb/RDW in the CRC group was lower than the other three groups. Moreover, there were significant differences in Hb/RDW and CEA among different T-N-M stages (all P< 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that low level of Hb/RDW and high level of CAR, CEA, PCT were risk factors for CRC, and are correlated with CRC stage. Additionally, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of Hb/RDW+CEA (AUC: 0.735), CAR+CEA (AUC: 0.748), PCT+CEA (AUC: 0.807) was larger than that of Hb/RDW (AUC: 0.503), CAR (AUC: 0.614), or PCT (AUC: 0.713) alone (all P< 0.001) in distinguishing CRC from BCL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hb/RDW, CAR, PCT, and CEA are independent risk factors for CRC. Hb/RDW, CAR, and PCT combined with CEA have significant value for auxiliary differential diagnosis of CRC and BCL.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"223-230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11091605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139466763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypermethylation of the BRCA2 gene promoter and its co-hypermethylation with the BRCA1 gene promoter in patients with breast cancer.","authors":"Liliia Fishchuk, Zoia Rossokha, Olga Lobanova, Valeriy Cheshuk, Roman Vereshchako, Viktoriia Vershyhora, Nataliia Medvedieva, Olha Dubitskaa, Natalia Gorovenko","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230458","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The BRCA2 gene is an important tumour suppressor in breast cancer, and alterations in BRCA2 may lead to cancer progression. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of hypermethylation of the BRCA2 gene promoter and its co-hypermethylation with the BRCA1 gene promoter with the development and course of breast cancer in women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 74 women with breast cancer (tumour tissue samples and peripheral blood) and 62 women without oncological pathology (peripheral blood) - control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypermethylation of the BRCA2 gene was significantly more frequently detected in the tumour tissue of women with breast cancer compared to their peripheral blood and peripheral blood of control subjects (p= 0.0006 and p= 0.00001, respectively). Hypermethylation of BRCA2 was more frequently detected in patients with breast cancer over the age of 50 and in patients with higher Ki67 expression levels (p= 0.045 and p= 0.045, respectively). There was a high frequency of unmethylated BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene combination in women of the control group compared to women with breast cancer, both in blood samples and tumour tissue samples (p= 0.014 and p= 0.00001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study confirms the hypothesis that BRCA2 hypermethylation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and the importance of assessing its co-hypermethylation with BRCA1 in predicting the course of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"275-283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The paradoxical role of transforming growth factor-β in controlling oral squamous cell carcinoma development.","authors":"Ruiting Peng, Yun Huang, Ping Huang, Linyi Liu, Lei Cheng, Xian Peng","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230354","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a vital role in regulating cell growth, differentiation and survival in various tissues. It participates in a variety of cellular processes, including cell apoptosis, cell migration and evasion, and plays a paradoxical role in tumor genesis and development. In the early stage of tumor, TGF-β inhibits the occurrence of tumor by inhibiting cell proliferation and regulating cell apoptosis. In the advanced stage of tumor, TGF-β promotes tumor development and affects prognosis by promoting cell survival and proliferation, cell migration and invasion, participates in immune escape, etc. In this article, we will review the paradoxical role of TGF-β on the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":"40 3-4","pages":"241-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rho GTPase-activating protein 4 is upregulated in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma and associated with poor prognosis and immune infiltration.","authors":"Xuesong Xiao, Xiaofei Lv, Tianyu Lin, Jianqiao Li, Rui Wang, Shaoping Tian, Xinyu Liu, Shiming Liu, Huamao Jiang, Dan Yue, Yong Wang","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230388","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC) is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens human health. Rho GTPase-activating protein 4 (ARHGAP4) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the role of ARHGAP4 in the progression of KIRC and its diagnostic and prognostic value.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multiple analytical methods and in vitro cell assays were used to explore the expression of ARHGAP4 and its value in the progression, diagnosis and prognosis of KIRC. The biological function of ARHGAP4 was studied by GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis, and then the relationship between ARHGAP4 and immune infiltration was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The expression of ARHGAP4 was significantly up-regulated in KIRC. We found that the high expression of ARHGAP4 was related to the progression of KIRC and suggested a poor prognosis. Compared with normal tissues, ARHGAP4 had a better diagnostic value in KIRC. The biological function of ARHGAP4 was related to immunity, and its expression was also closely related to tumor immune infiltration and immune checkpoints.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated that ARHGAP4 may be a biomarker, which is related to the progression, diagnosis and prognosis of KIRC. Its biological functions are related to tumor immune infiltration.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"205-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141437861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum aspartate aminotransferase, a novel potential biomarker of prognosis in extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type.","authors":"Ningning Yao, Qing Hou, Yu Liang, Xin Cao, Bochen Sun, Lijuan Wei, Ruifang Sun, Jianzhong Cao","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230068","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), an indicator of liver cell damage, was related to the prognosis of certain malignant tumors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the predictive value of AST in patients with extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed 183 cases diagnosed with ENKTL and selected 26 U/L as the optimum cut-off value of AST. We used the univariate and multivariate Cox regression to compare the different AST groups' overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prior to propensity score matching (PSM), Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients in the low AST subgroup had better OS and PFS than the high AST subgroup. Multivariate analysis revealed that AST was an independent indicator for prognosis. After PSM, the low AST subgroup maintained a significantly better OS and PFS than the high AST subgroup.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AST might represent a significant prognostic marker for ENKTL patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"265-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11191476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138813954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circ_0049271 targets the miR-1197/PTRF axis to attenuate the malignancy of osteosarcoma.","authors":"Yixin Wen, Feng Xu, Hui Zhang","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230191","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Circular RNAs (circRNAs) perform key regulatory functions in osteosarcoma (OS) tumorigenesis. In this study, we aimed to explore the detailed action mechanisms of circ_0049271 in OS progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cell colony formation, cell counting kit-8, and transwell assays were performed to assess the proliferation and invasion of OS cells. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to determine the expression levels of polymerase 1 and transcript release factor (PTRF), microRNA (miR)-1197, and circ_0049271 in OS cells. Furthermore, RNA immunoprecipitation and dual luciferase assays were conducted to explore the targeted relationships among PTRF, miR-1197, and circ_0049271. Finally, a tumor formation assay was conducted to determine the effects of circ_0049271 on in vivo tumor growth in mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High expression levels of miR-1197 and low levels of circ_0049271 and PTRF were observed in OS cells. circ _0049271 targeted miR-1197 to mediate PTRF expression. Moreover, the proliferation and invasion of OS cells were repressed by circ_0049271 or PTRF overexpression and increased by miR-1197 upregulation. Enforced circ_0049271 also impeded tumor growth in vivo. Upregulation of miR-1197 reversed the antitumor effects of circ_0049271 on OS progression in vitro; however, PTRF overexpression attenuated the cancer-promoting effects of miR-1197 on OS in vitro.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings revealed that circ_0049271 targeted the miR-1197/PTRF axis to attenuate the malignancy of OS, suggesting a potential target for its clinical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"141-153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GINS2 promotes the progression of human HNSCC by altering RRM2 expression.","authors":"Tianxiang Wang, Luxi Qian, Pingchuan Zhang, Mingyu Du, Jing Wu, Fanyu Peng, Chengyun Yao, Rong Yin, Li Yin, Xia He","doi":"10.3233/CBM-230337","DOIUrl":"10.3233/CBM-230337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>GINS2 exerts a carcinogenic effect in multiple human malignancies, while it is still unclear that the potential roles and underlying mechanisms of GINS2 in HNSCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>TCGA database was used to screen out genes with significant differences in expression in HNSCC. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to measure the expression of GINS2 in HNSCC tissues and cells. GINS2 was detected by qRT-PCR or western blot after knockdown or overexpression. Celigo cell counting, MTT, colony formation, and flow cytometric assay were used to check the ability of proliferation and apoptosis. Bioinformatics and microarray were used to screen out the downstream genes of GINS2.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GINS2 in HNSCC tissues and cells was up-regulated, which was correlated with poor prognosis. GINS2 gene expression was successfully inhibited and overexpressed in HNSCC cells. Knockdown of GINS2 could inhibit proliferation and increase apoptosis of cells. Meanwhile, overexpression of GINS2 could enhance cell proliferation and colony formation. Knockdown of RRM2 may inhibit HNSCC cell proliferation, while overexpression of RRM2 rescued the effect of reducing GINS2 expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study reported the role of GINS2 in HNSCC for the first time. The results demonstrated that in HNSCC cells, GINS2 promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis via altering RRM2 expression. Therefore, GINS2 might play a carcinogen in HNSCC, and become a specific promising therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":56320,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Biomarkers","volume":" ","pages":"171-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140190468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}