Extreme Mechanics Letters最新文献_第2页

Cylindrical cavity expansion for characterizing mechanical properties of soft materials 表征软质材料力学性能的圆柱腔膨胀

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Extreme Mechanics Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2025.102343

Jian Li , Zihao Xie , Hannah Varner , S. Chockalingam , Tal Cohen

{"title":"Cylindrical cavity expansion for characterizing mechanical properties of soft materials","authors":"Jian Li , Zihao Xie , Hannah Varner , S. Chockalingam , Tal Cohen","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The low elastic modulus of soft materials, combined with geometric nonlinearity and rate dependence, presents significant challenges in the characterization of their mechanical response. We introduce a novel method for measuring the mechanical properties of soft materials under large deformations via cylindrical cavity expansion. In this method, a cylindrical cavity is fabricated in the material and expanded by volume-controlled injection of an incompressible fluid with simultaneous measurement of the applied pressure at the cavity wall. The relationship between applied pressure and deformation at the cavity wall is then employed to characterize the nonlinear mechanical properties. This method improves traditional volume-controlled cavity expansion testing and other needle-induced cavity expansion methods by precisely controlling the geometry and size of the initial defect or cavity, significantly enhancing both the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental results. We demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method and validate it by measuring the mechanical properties of synthetic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and comparing with reported values in the literature. Results indicate that the cylindrical cavity expansion method effectively captures the response of PDMS over a wide range of stiffness (shear modulus ranging from 5 kPa to 300 kPa) and exhibit high repeatability. The proposed method overcomes limitations in characterization of ultra-soft materials using traditional testing methods, such as challenges with fabrication and clamping in uniaxial tension testing and friction and adhesion effects in compression and indentation testing, thus enabling accurate and precise characterization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56247,"journal":{"name":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102343"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144134765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mode-coupled infinite topological edge state in bulk-lattice-merged mechanical Su–Schrieffer–Heeger chain 块格融合机械Su-Schrieffer-Heeger链中模式耦合无限拓扑边态

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Extreme Mechanics Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2025.102334

Yeongtae Jang , Seokwoo Kim , Minkyung Kim , Guenil Kim , Eunho Kim , Junsuk Rho

{"title":"Mode-coupled infinite topological edge state in bulk-lattice-merged mechanical Su–Schrieffer–Heeger chain","authors":"Yeongtae Jang , Seokwoo Kim , Minkyung Kim , Guenil Kim , Eunho Kim , Junsuk Rho","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Band topology has emerged as a powerful tool for designing mechanical engineering systems, from phononic crystals to metamaterials. Various design principles — whether bulk-based or lattice-based — have been proposed and successfully implemented according to unit cell structures. Here, we present a bulk-lattice merged Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) chain constructed from single-column woodpile metamaterials. This system consists of a lattice array of cylindrical particles, where each particle’s bulk dynamics exhibits local resonance-mode coupling with wave propagation. We demonstrate that topological edge states emerge in direct correspondence with these local resonance modes, manifesting as mode-coupled topological states. Experimentally, we observe the initial emergence of these mode-coupled topological edge states, with their frequencies accurately predicted by nonlinear characteristic equations rooted in continuum dynamics and topological symmetry. Additionally, the system’s weak nonlinearity enables simultaneous frequency shifts, allowing multivariate tunability in its topological states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56247,"journal":{"name":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An extended Euler-Bernoulli beam principle in multi-component metamaterial towards tunable Poisson’s ratio 面向泊松比可调的多组分超材料中欧拉-伯努利光束原理的扩展

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Extreme Mechanics Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2025.102347

Jingyi Zhang , Yuheng Liu , Haibao Lu , Ran Tao

{"title":"An extended Euler-Bernoulli beam principle in multi-component metamaterial towards tunable Poisson’s ratio","authors":"Jingyi Zhang , Yuheng Liu , Haibao Lu , Ran Tao","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a multi-component mechanical metamaterial was proposed to achieve tunable nominal modulus and Poisson’s ratio to extend the potential and practical applications in smart materials and structures. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, a universal model was formulated for the multi-component metamaterial to explore the constitutive relationship between the model parameters and mechanical properties. The theoretical model reveals that the Poisson’s ratio of the multi-component metamaterial could be quantitatively regulated over a broad range by manipulating the moduli of its constituent components. On this basis, a bi-component metamaterial composed of polylactic acid (PLA) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), featuring distinct temperature-dependent moduli and geometric configurations, was manufactured and exhibited thermally tunable mechanical behavior. Parametric finite element simulations were conducted to investigate the synergistic effect of temperature-dependent moduli and geometric parameters on the stable mechanical behaviors of the bi-component metamaterial, with the results validated by experimental measurements. This study examines the design principle that combines material parameters (temperature-dependent moduli) and structural parameters (geometric parameters) for the multi-component mechanical metamaterial. The methodologies and insights presented in this paper provide new perspectives and technical approaches for the innovative applications of metamaterials in aerospace, biomedical, and microelectronic fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56247,"journal":{"name":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102347"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143947712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kinematic folding propagation in degree-4 origami strips 4度折纸条的运动折叠传播

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Extreme Mechanics Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2025.102337

Rinki Imada , Akito Adachi , Shingo Terashima , Eiji Iwase , Tomohiro Tachi

{"title":"Kinematic folding propagation in degree-4 origami strips","authors":"Rinki Imada , Akito Adachi , Shingo Terashima , Eiji Iwase , Tomohiro Tachi","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Degree-4 origami strips, one-DOF mechanisms constructed by sequentially connecting degree-4 origami vertices, have inspired origami-based engineering design. However, thorough kinematic analyses were limited to a special subset of degree-4 origami strips that exhibit uniform folding along the sequence. In this study, we show how folding propagates non uniformly, i.e., gets attenuated or amplified, in a general degree-4 origami strip. We introduce the concept of kinematic folding propagation and analyze it by studying discrete dynamical systems. Our results reveal that, despite its simple structure, the strip exhibits diverse folding propagation behaviors, strongly influenced by design parameters such as sector angles and topology of the crease patterns. We show that the propagation behavior is topologically linear when adjacent vertices are connected via opposite creases. We compute and visualize folding motions, including strips that transition from a flat-folded state to a helical shape through uniform or nonuniform (attenuated/amplified) propagation upon actuation of the boundary crease. Additionally, we demonstrate folding propagation in physical models using 3D-printed prototypes with thick panels. Furthermore, we show that topologically nonlinear propagation emerges when adjacent creases are used to connect adjacent vertices. We also discuss folding propagation in curved-crease origami that is achieved by taking a continuum limit of the strip. Our findings establish kinematic folding propagation as a core functionality enabled by nonuniform folding, thereby laying the foundation for programmable origami.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56247,"journal":{"name":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geometric dependence of curvature-induced rigidity

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Extreme Mechanics Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2025.102341

Hanzhang Mao , Thomas G.J. Chandler , Mark Han , Saverio E. Spagnolie

{"title":"Geometric dependence of curvature-induced rigidity","authors":"Hanzhang Mao , Thomas G.J. Chandler , Mark Han , Saverio E. Spagnolie","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bending the edge of a thin elastic material promotes rigidity far from its clamped boundary. However, this curvature-induced rigidity can be overwhelmed by gravity or other external loading, resulting in elastic buckling and large deformations. We consider the role of body geometry on this competition using experiments, numerical simulations, and reduced-order models. Finite element simulations are performed using a model nonlinear hyperelastic material, and a theoretical framework is proposed that incorporates small lateral curvatures, large longitudinal rotations, and a varying cross-sectional width. A particular focus is on the comparison between rectangular and triangular sheets, and trapezoidal sheets in between. Sheet geometry affects downward tip deflection by changing the relative importance of the sheet’s weight and the rigidity provided by curvature, often in subtle ways. In extreme cases, non-monotonic deflection is observed with increasing sheet length, and a region of hysteretic bistability emerges, becoming more pronounced with rectangular sheets and large imposed curvatures. These findings demonstrate the profound impact of geometry on the competition between curvature-induced rigidity and gravity-induced deformation in thin elastic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56247,"journal":{"name":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102341"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143943646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Force-biased chemical degradation in rubbery networks: Insights from discrete network simulations 橡胶网络中的力偏化学降解：来自离散网络模拟的见解

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Extreme Mechanics Letters Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2025.102344

Lucas Mangas Araujo, Laurence Brassart

{"title":"Force-biased chemical degradation in rubbery networks: Insights from discrete network simulations","authors":"Lucas Mangas Araujo, Laurence Brassart","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effect of force-assisted chemical reaction leading to chain scission on the mechanical and swelling behaviour of rubbery networks. A Discrete Network (DN) modelling approach is adopted, in which polymer chains are represented as entropic springs connected at crosslink points. Force-accelerated chain scission is simulated using a Kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm. The model further accounts for degradation-induced swelling due to solvent uptake and mass loss due to the release of chain clusters detached from the main network. Discrete Network simulations highlight the role of force heterogeneities on the degradation of mechanical properties. Chains bearing the largest forces are cut preferentially, which accelerates the reduction in modulus and loss of percolation. When degradation occurs under constraint, force-biased degradation leads to anisotropic residual elastic properties. These effects cannot be captured by a state-of-the-art micromechanics-based continuum model, which does not account for the redistribution of forces through the network. Overall, the discrete network framework provides a promising platform to study a broader range of mechano-chemical phenomena in elastomers and gels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56247,"journal":{"name":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102344"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple broad bandgaps soundproofing for sectoral labyrinthine metamaterials 扇形迷宫式超材料的多重宽带隙隔音

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Extreme Mechanics Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2025.102349

Erfan Asgari , Abdolreza Ohadi , Reza Hedayati

{"title":"Multiple broad bandgaps soundproofing for sectoral labyrinthine metamaterials","authors":"Erfan Asgari , Abdolreza Ohadi , Reza Hedayati","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acoustic metamaterials are notable for their light weight and exceptional ability to control low-frequency sounds, making them ideal for applications requiring both soundproofing and ventilation. In this paper, metamaterials with various labyrinthine structures were designed using the space-coiling strategy, featuring sectoral labyrinthine resonators arranged in a circular pattern around a central circular passage for airflow. The noted metamaterials were categorized into four levels based on the use of different sectoral resonators. In level-1, all resonators were identical, while in levels 2, 3, and 4, two, three, and four different resonators were used, respectively. The sound insulation performance was evaluated through Sound Transmission Loss (STL) test using an impedance tube, as well as numerical simulations. The results indicated that the development of level-1 geometric configurations led to a shift in the STL curves toward higher frequencies and an increase in the width of the first bandgap. The widest observed bandgap was in the frequency range of 937–2078 Hz, covering approximately 55 % of the targeted frequency range (below 2000 Hz). With the introduction of higher-level configurations, multiple bandgaps, along with several peaks, appeared in the STL spectra. These multiple bandgaps result from Fano resonances generated by the various sectoral resonators. Fano resonances are inversely related to the effective length of each sectoral resonator, allowing for tuning to achieve different sound insulation performances. The maximum frequency coverage was approximately 50 % for level-2, around 40 % for level-3, and about 30 % for level-4.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56247,"journal":{"name":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102349"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Meta-fence for Rayleigh wave isolation 瑞利波隔离的元栅栏

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Extreme Mechanics Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2025.102350

Hongjun Fan , Yunhao Zhang , Peng Jiang , Le An , Yanping Wang , Yongquan Liu

引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional auxetic metamaterials with extremely tunable flexible behavior 具有可调柔性行为的三维形变超材料

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Extreme Mechanics Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2025.102351

Xiang Li , Weitao Peng , Rong Fan , Yang Lu

{"title":"Three-dimensional auxetic metamaterials with extremely tunable flexible behavior","authors":"Xiang Li , Weitao Peng , Rong Fan , Yang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible auxetic metamaterials has demonstrated significant potential in engineering applications. However, most existing flexible auxetic metamaterials are limited to two-dimensional (2D) designs, restricting their utility in real 3D engineering scenarios. Here we represent a versatile strategy for designing 3D auxetic metamaterials that showcase extraordinary flexibility, recoverability, and programmability which is accomplished by embedding truss lattice with elastic spring into rotating rigid frameworks. We exemplify this approach with the eccentric spring connected rotating octet truss structures (ROCT-S) through experimental, numerical, and theoretical analysis. Under in-plane tension, engineering stress of the proposed eccentric spring connected rotating octet truss structures in two directions (ROCT-S-2D) is approximately 9.4 × 10<sup>−6</sup> of the base material’s modulus at an average strain of 161 %. Simultaneously, the programmable mechanical performance of the ROCT-S-2D under out-plane compression is decoupling with their in-plane performance and can be designed to support a load exceeding 12,800 times its own weight. The robust and adaptable mechanical performance of ROCT-S highlight its broad applicability, spanning electronics and biomedical devices to wearable flexible protective gear, paving the way for advanced 3D auxetic metamaterials in practical engineering solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56247,"journal":{"name":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102351"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-ordinary state-based peridynamic simulation of compressive large deformation and failure in hydrogel materials 水凝胶材料压缩大变形与破坏的非常态周动力学模拟

IF 4.3 3区工程技术

Extreme Mechanics Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.eml.2025.102348

Hao-Yu Liu , Liu-Chao Qiu , Yi Liu

{"title":"Non-ordinary state-based peridynamic simulation of compressive large deformation and failure in hydrogel materials","authors":"Hao-Yu Liu , Liu-Chao Qiu , Yi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eml.2025.102348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogel materials have broad application prospects in biomedical and other fields. Understanding the large deformation and failure characteristics of hydrogel materials is crucial for their engineering applications. However, simulating the compressive large deformation and failure behavior of hydrogel-like soft materials in three-dimensional scenarios is very challenging. This paper proposed a stabilized three-dimensional non-ordinary state-based peridynamics approach for simulating the compressive large deformation and failure behavior of hydrogel-like soft materials. To control numerical instabilities, a supplementary force state of zero-energy modes is introduced, and a second-order Reduced Polynomial hyperelastic model is applied for constitutive modeling. The computational framework employs an explicit dynamic solution method to simulate three-dimensional large deformation and failure of hyperelastic specimens with complex geometric configurations. Due to its nonlocal theory and mesh-free properties, the proposed method can effectively address the challenges of simulating large deformation and fracture failure of soft materials. First, different zero-energy control methods are validated, followed by an analysis of models with different grid spacings to verify the model's mesh convergence. Finally, compression failure tests of hydrogel spheres under different loading rates are simulated to verify the reliability and simulation performance of the proposed method. In compression failure scenarios, the predicted deformation and load-displacement responses are highly consistent with experimental observations, demonstrating the effectiveness and accuracy of the developed stabilized three-dimensional state-based peridynamics framework in predicting the failure behavior of soft materials under compressive large deformations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56247,"journal":{"name":"Extreme Mechanics Letters","volume":"77 ","pages":"Article 102348"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0