Breast Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Tumor mutational burden status and clinical characteristics of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast.","authors":"Yuko Takano, Kazuyuki Mizuno, Madoka Iwase, Sachi Morita, Nao Torii, Toyone Kikumori, Yuichi Ando","doi":"10.1007/s12282-025-01706-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12282-025-01706-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High tumor mutational burden (TMB-H) is an established biomarker for a favorable response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, tumor mutational burden (TMB) in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) has not been sufficiently investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected data of patients with ILC or IDC from the Center for Cancer Genomics and Advanced Therapeutics database between June 2019 and August 2023. Furthermore, we examined the clinicopathological factors and TMB status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with ILC (n = 170) had a median TMB score of 4.00 mut/Mb (interquartile range, 2.00-7.14 mut/Mb), whereas those with IDC (n = 2598) had a score of 3.90 mut/Mb (2.00-6.00 mut/Mb). TMB-H was more common in patients with ILC than in those with IDC (18.2% vs. 10.1%, P < 0.001), particularly in the ER+ /HER2- subtype. Multivariate analysis revealed that the pathological diagnosis of ILC (P = 0.006), tissue samples collected from metastatic sites (P < 0.001), and older age (50 years, P < 0.001) were independent factors for TMB-H.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with ILC were more likely to have TMB-H than those with IDC. The findings of this study would be invaluable in selecting treatment strategies for patients with ILC.</p>","PeriodicalId":56083,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"816-825"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different strategies in de-escalation of axillary surgery in node-positive breast cancer following neoadjuvant treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of long-term outcomes.","authors":"Vivian Man, Jiaxu Duan, Wing-Pan Luk, Ling-Hiu Fung, Ava Kwong","doi":"10.1007/s12282-025-01692-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12282-025-01692-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Different surgical options existed in the management of axilla among breast cancer patients who were initially node-positive and were converted node-negative after neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NST). De-escalation of axillary surgery was feasible, but previous studies focused on the false-negative rate (FNR) of respective procedures. The aim of this study is to evaluate the oncological outcomes of sentinel lymph-node biopsy (SLNB), MARI procedure, and targeted axillary dissection (TAD).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library literature databases were searched systematically. Studies were eligible if they addressed the axillary recurrence rate of patients with nodal pathological complete response (pCR) and omission of axillary lymph-node dissection (ALND) after NST. Pooled analysis was performed using inverse variance methods for logit transformed proportions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven retrospective studies and three prospective studies involving 4268 patients with node-positive breast cancers were included. A total of 1650 patients achieved nodal pCR and avoided ALND, 1382 patients with SLNB only and 268 patients with MARI/TAD. The pooled estimate of axillary recurrence was 2.1% (95%CI 1.4-3.2%) for patients with negative SLNB and 1.5% (95% CI 0.5-4.1%) for patients with negative MARI/TAD. There was no significant benefit of ALND over SLNB in patients with nodal pCR after NST. Pooled estimates of 5-year DFS, DDFS, and OS of SLNB alone were 0.87 (95% CI 0.83-0.90], 0.90 (95% CI 0.88-0.92), and 0.92 (95% CI 0.88-0.94), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Breast cancer patients who are converted node-negative after NST have extremely low nodal recurrence rate, irrespective of the choice of axillary surgery. Omission of ALND is oncologically safe in patients who have nodal pCR after NST.</p>","PeriodicalId":56083,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"638-653"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing shared genetic architecture between bioavailable testosterone and luminal A breast cancer in female.","authors":"Ningning Song, Kuan Yang, Yongxiang Li","doi":"10.1007/s12282-025-01696-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12282-025-01696-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Observational studies have showed a strong association between bioavailable testosterone (BT) and breast cancer. However, the role of genetic factors in their comorbidity remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using large genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, we employed linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) to identify the breast cancer subtype most genetically correlated with BT. We then constructed the shared genetic architecture between BT and this subtype by: (1) applied Heritability Estimation from Summary Statistics for local genetic correlations and stratified-LDSC for partitioned heritability; (2) performed a cross-trait GWAS meta-analysis to find novel single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and validated through colocalization; (3) conducted both cross-tissue and single-tissue transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) and validated the candidate genes through Mendelian randomization (MR); (4) investigated SNP-heritability enrichment at the gene set, tissue, and cell levels using Multi-marker Analysis of GenoMic Annotation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Luminal A breast cancer (Luminal ABC) was selected as it is a common subtype of breast cancer and demonstrates a superior genetic correlation with BT. We identified strong local correlations in 132 distinct genomic regions and confirmed shared SNPs including rs1432679 and rs7175852. TWAS highlighted two pleiotropic genes, MICALL1 and TRIOBP, with TRIOBP validated by MR. We also found six shared pathways and luminal cells in mammary gland pregnancy shared between BT and Luminal ABC. For tissue-specific enrichment, BT was mainly found in the liver and adrenal gland, whereas Luminal ABC was found in the minor salivary gland.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study sheds light on the genetic architecture of BT and Luminal ABC and suggests new avenues for research and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":56083,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"740-749"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to the letter to the editor \"Pembrolizumab added to neoadjuvant chemotherapy may improve pathological complete response in androgen-receptor positive and low tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes triple-negative breast cancer patients\".","authors":"Takeshi Ushigusa, Atsushi Yoshida, Naoki Kanomata","doi":"10.1007/s12282-025-01703-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12282-025-01703-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56083,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"881"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitally quantified area of residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer.","authors":"Mao Uematsu, Hiromichi Nakajima, Hirohiko Miyake, Masashi Wakabayashi, Chikako Funasaka, Chihiro Kondoh, Kenichi Harano, Nobuaki Matsubara, Ako Hosono, Yoichi Naito, Naoya Sakamoto, Motohiro Kojima, Tatsuya Onishi, Genichiro Ishii, Toru Mukohara","doi":"10.1007/s12282-025-01694-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12282-025-01694-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The area of residual tumor (ART) is a quantitative method for assessing tumors after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). This study evaluated whether ART can identify a favorable prognosis group in patients with HER2-positive surgically resected breast cancer and residual tumors post-NAC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed patients with HER2-positive who underwent surgery after NAC, including trastuzumab, from 2005 to 2022 at our institution. ART was assessed at the maximum cut surface of the residual primary tumor using digital pathology images. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determined ART-Low and ART-High cutoffs, excluding ART-0 (0 mm²) patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 219 patients, 82 had ART greater than 0 mm². The median follow-up was 90.2 months. The number of patients in the ART-0, ART-Low (0 < ART ≤ 4.0 mm²), and ART-High (> 4.0 mm²) groups were 137, 39, and 43, respectively. The ART-Low group showed significantly shorter event-free survival compared to the ART-0 group (HR 3.50, 95% CI 1.52-8.06), and the ART-High group also tended toward poorer prognosis (HR 2.31, 95% CI 0.89-5.97). However, there was no significant difference in prognosis between the ART-Low and ART-High groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current study suggests that even minimal residual tumor cells in the primary site can significantly impact on prognosis in HER2-positive early breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":56083,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"716-727"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of CBT-based interventions on health outcomes in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Weimin Liu, Fengli Gao, Ning Ma, Huaguo Zhang, Ping Lei Chui, Chong Chin Che","doi":"10.1007/s12282-025-01711-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12282-025-01711-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively evaluate the impact of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)-based interventions on health outcomes in patients with breast cancer. Additionally, it assessed the implementation and sustainability of these interventions in clinical and healthcare settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, CNKI, and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform was conducted for relevant studies published between July 2014 and July 2024. Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were used to determine the effects of the interventions. The pooled effect size was calculated using a random-effects model. The RE-AIM Framework was used to evaluate the potential implementation and sustainability of the interventions in real-world settings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This systematic review incorporated 14 randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies. We found that various CBT-based interventions had positive effects on fear of cancer recurrence (SMD = - 0.64; 95% CI [- 1.02, - 0.26]; P = 0.0011), anxiety (SMD = - 0.38; 95% CI [- 0.65, - 0.10]; P = 0.0068), depression (SMD = - 0.49; 95% CI [- 0.80, - 0.19]; P = 0.0017), mindfulness skills (SMD = 0.80; 95% CI [0.48, 1.13]; P < 0.0001), fatigue (SMD = - 0.37; 95% CI [- 0.59, - 0.15]; P = 0.0011), quality of life (SMD = 0.54; 95% CI [0.14, 0.93]; P = 0.0080), sleep (SMD = - 0.16; 95% CI [- 0.32, - 0.01]; P = 0.0398), positive psychology (SMD = 2.19; 95% CI [0.38, 4.00]; P = 0.0178) and spiritual well-being (SMD = 0.89; 95% CI [0.56, 1.21]; P < 0.0001). However, there was no significant effect on perceived stress in patients with breast cancer (SMD = - 0.70; 95% CI [- 1.44, 0.04]; P = 0.0634).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CBT-based interventions are effective in improving the health outcomes of patients with breast cancer. Rigorously designed randomized controlled trials are needed to validate CBT-based interventions (such as personalized, long-term, and diversified intervention strategies) to optimize psychological health interventions and enhance health outcomes for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":56083,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"689-704"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the conditions for applying BRCA genetic testing to women with breast cancer using the Japanese HBOC consortium and the Japanese organization of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (JOHBOC) registry project database.","authors":"Masato Takahashi, Yuko Minoura, Hiroki Den, Tadashi Nomizu, Takanori Ishida, Hiraku Kumamaru, Masami Arai, Seigo Nakamura","doi":"10.1007/s12282-025-01704-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12282-025-01704-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Considering past research in Europe and the USA, the conditions for medical insurance coverage of BRCA1/2 genetic testing (GT) in Japan have been established as follows: 1. Breast cancer onset at 45 years or younger age; 2. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) onset at 60 years or younger age; 3. Onset of two or more primary breast cancers; 4. Family history of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, or pancreatic cancer up to the third degree; 5. Male breast cancer, 6. Ovarian, fallopian, or peritoneal cancers. However, data to determine the importance and extent of each factor in the current conditions are insufficient. Consequently, this study aimed to assess the validity of insurance coverage conditions in Japan, elucidate the relationship between these conditions, and explore the possibility of proposing new indicators.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 5987 breast cancer patients were enrolled from 92 centers participating in the HBOC consortium and the JOHBOC registry project. Of these, 5904 patients were analyzed after excluding 48 male breast cancer patients due to insufficient numbers for analysis and 35 patients whose age at breast cancer onset was unknown or unregistered. We compared 1,091 cases in which pathogenic variants (PVs) (BRCA1(B1s): 543, BRCA2(B2s): 548) were detected with 4580 cases in which no variants (non-Vs) were detected. Variants of uncertain significance (VUS: 233 cases) were not classified as either PVs or non-Vs for subsequent analysis. We investigated the validity of each condition under which an HBOC diagnosis could be considered for medical insurance coverage.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Regardless of the insurance coverage conditions, the detection rate of pathogenic variants (DRPV) of all analyzed cases was 19.2%. The DRPV under the insurance coverage conditions for GT-'Age of breast cancer onset ≤ 45 years,' 'TNBC onset at ≤ 60 years,' ' ≥ 2 primary breast cancers,' 'Patients with breast cancer concurrent with ovarian cancer,' and ' ≥ 1 family history of breast or ovarian cancer up to the third degree'-was 25.4%, 31.6%, 24.6%, 48.8%, and 25.6%, respectively. Those within the insurance coverage group showed a pathogenic variant detection rate of 21.1%, compared to only 5.6% outside of the coverage. Our analysis indicates that medical insurance coverage conditions effectively identify candidates for GT. Furthermore, when examining the number of conditions met and the positivity rate, the positivity rate was 11.2%, with only one condition met. This rate increases exponentially as more conditions are met, underscoring the importance of multiple matching conditions. Additionally, those with comorbid ovarian cancer or a family history of ovarian cancer are more likely to have a pathogenic variant. Additionally, we reevaluated cases who did not meet the medical insurance conditions. TNBC occurrence was significantly associated with B1s, even when restricted to onset age ≥ 61 years","PeriodicalId":56083,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"792-802"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual report of National Clinical Database-Breast Cancer Registry in 2021: characteristics categorized by body mass index and menopause status.","authors":"Takaaki Konishi, Hiraku Kumamaru, Naoki Niikura, Yasuaki Sagara, Minoru Miyashita, Takayuki Iwamoto, Naoko Sanuki, Kenta Tanakura, Masayuki Nagahashi, Masayuki Yoshida, Masahiro Kawashima, Takayuki Kinoshita, Shinsuke Sasada, Naoko Kinukawa, Shigehira Saji, Takanori Ishida, Naruto Taira","doi":"10.1007/s12282-025-01698-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12282-025-01698-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Japanese Breast Cancer Society initiated the breast cancer registry in 1975 and migrated the registry to the National Clinical Database-Breast Cancer Registry (NCD-BCR) in 2012. This annual report presents 2021 data on the NCD-BCR. We analyzed data from 98,540 breast cancer (BC) cases registered in 2021. In 2021, 99.4% of BC cases were females with a median age of 61. Most (57.5%) were diagnosed at early stages (Stage 0 or I). Breast-conserving surgery was performed in 42.8% of cases. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed in 67.8%, followed by radiotherapy in 71.0% of those post-conserving surgery. Regarding postoperative systemic therapy, 63.1% received endocrine therapy, 28.2% received chemotherapy, and 14.9% received molecular-targeted therapy. ER positivity was observed in 75.2%, HER2 in 13.6%, and Ki67 ≥30% in 29.1% of cases. The median age of premenopausal cases was 46 (interquartile range, 42-49) years and the median BMI was 21.5 (19.7-24.2) kg/m² whereas the median age of postmenopausal cases was 69 (61-76) years and the median BMI was 23.0 (20.6-25.9) kg/m². In premenopausal cases, cases with normal BMI were more likely to be found at checkups without subjective symptoms and in the early stage than those with high BMI. The tendency of ER, PgR, HER2, and Ki67 status on BMI differed by menopause status; premenopausal cases with a lower BMI showed higher proportions of ER- and PgR-positive cancer and lower proportions of cancer with high Ki67. These nationwide descriptive statistics would help clinical explanation and further research on breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":56083,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"621-629"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capecitabine with aromatase inhibitors in the front-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer.","authors":"Masakazu Toi","doi":"10.1007/s12282-025-01695-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12282-025-01695-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56083,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"619-620"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Japanese translation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast + 4 (FACT-B + 4) following international guidelines: a verification of linguistic validity.","authors":"Takahiro Tsukioki, Nozomu Takata, Saya R Dennis, Kaori Terata, Yasuaki Sagara, Takehiko Sakai, Shin Takayama, Dai Kitagawa, Yuichiro Kikawa, Yuko Takahashi, Tsuguo Iwatani, Fumikata Hara, Tomomi Fujisawa, Tadahiko Shien","doi":"10.1007/s12282-025-01701-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12282-025-01701-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For breast cancer patients, postoperative lymphedema and upper limb movement disorders are serious complications that absolutely reduce their quality of life (QOL). To evaluate this serious complication, we used \"Quick Dash\" or \"FACT-B\", which can assess a patient's physical, social, emotional, and functional health status. To evaluate their breast cancer surgery-related dysfunction correctly, \"FACT-B + 4\" was created by adding four questions about \"arm swelling'' and \"tenderness\". We have translated it into Japanese according to international translation guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At the beginning, we contacted FACT headquarters that we would like to create a Japanese version of FACT-B + 4. They formed the FACIT Trans Team (FACIT) following international translation procedures, and then, we began translating according to them. The steps are 1: perform \"Forward and Reverse translations\" to create a \"Preliminary Japanese version\", 2: request the cooperation of 5 breast cancer patients and \"conduct a pilot study\" and \"questionnaire survey\", and 3: amendments and final approval based on pilot study results and clinical perspectives.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>In Step1, FACIT requested faithful translation of the words, verbs, and nouns from the original text. In Step2, patients reported that they felt uncomfortable with the Japanese version words such as \"numb'' and \"stiffness'' and felt that it might be difficult to describe their symptoms accurately. In Step3, we readjusted the translation to be more concise and closer to common Japanese language, and performed \"Step1\" again to ensure that the translation definitely retained the meaning of the original.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A Japanese version of FACT has existed until now, but there was no Japanese version of FACT-B + 4, which adds four additional items to evaluate swelling and pain in the upper limbs. This time, we have created a Japanese version that has been approved by FACT.</p>","PeriodicalId":56083,"journal":{"name":"Breast Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"773-782"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}