Alexandra Witt , Ed Pryzdial , Lihua Hao , Scott Meixner , William Sheffield
{"title":"Modulating recombinant clotting factor X to improve clot-dissolution","authors":"Alexandra Witt , Ed Pryzdial , Lihua Hao , Scott Meixner , William Sheffield","doi":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150914","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150914","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Heart attacks and strokes are the leading causes of death worldwide, most often caused by clots that block the flow of blood. The favoured clot-dissolving (i.e. thrombolytic) drug is a recombinant (r) version of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). The high rtPA dose required for clot lysis causes clinical hemorrhage in up to 6% of patients, resulting in part from systemic, rather than clot-localized, enzyme activity. The Pryzdial lab has discovered a thrombolytic function for the plasma protein, clotting factor X (FX), which acts non-enzymatically to accelerate tPA. Here we present a recombinant variant of FX (rFXic) with two key characteristics: an inhibitory (i) mutation that blocks the intrinsic clotting function, and a cleavage-resistant (c) mutation for increased half-life of tPA-accelerating function in plasma. We hypothesize that <strong>rFXic is thrombolytic and has superior safety compared to rtPA.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Wild type (rFXwt), single mutant (rFXi and rFXc), and double mutant (rFXic) FX were produced in HEK 293 cells and purified via conformational affinity chromatography. Their plasmin-cleavage profile and prothrombin clotting times functionally confirmed the successful insertion of mutations. Calcium-dependent binding to anionic phospholipid was tested to evaluate proper post-translational modification and clot-localizing function of the γ-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla)-domain, which is known to enable binding of FX to anionic phospholipid-containing membrane and fibrin. Acceleration of rtPA activity was evaluated using a plasmin-selective chromogenic substrate. In a mouse model of carotid artery occlusion, Doppler ultrasound recordings of blood flow were used to measure the ability of rFXic to affect clot dissolution.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to rFXwt, which was cleaved by plasmin into the predicted rFXβ and FXγ forms of FX, proteolysis of rFXic was limited to production of rFXβ. This is expected to stabilize thrombolytic activity in plasma. In contrast to rFXwt, rFXic had undetectable clotting activity in reconstituted FX-deficient plasma. Neither mutation impacted calcium-dependent binding to anionic phospholipid. <em>In vitro</em>, rtPA generated 10-fold more plasmin in the presence of rFXic than rFXwt, indicative of thrombolytic acceleration by the former. In mouse models of thrombosis, rFXic decreased the thrombolytic dose of rtPA by at least 50% as an adjunctive therapeutic but did not promote thrombolysis without rtPA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These data support the hypothesis that rFXic has thrombolytic activity in combination with rtPA. By lowering the therapeutic dose of rtPA, rFXic could be used as an adjunctive therapeutic to reduce the bleeding risk of thrombolysis. Next, we will assess the quantitative efficacy of rFXic <em>in vivo</em> and therapeutic safety <em>ex vivo</em>, and anticipate advocating for rFXic as both an e","PeriodicalId":56081,"journal":{"name":"Transfusion Medicine Reviews","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 150914"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dimpy Modi, Nancy Heddle, Dongyoung Kim, Yang Liu, Donald Arnold
{"title":"The Association Between Anemia and Bleeding in Thrombocytopenic Patients with a Hematological Malignancy","authors":"Dimpy Modi, Nancy Heddle, Dongyoung Kim, Yang Liu, Donald Arnold","doi":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/Objective</h3><div>Patients with hematological malignancies who are receiving chemotherapy have a heightened risk of bleeding because of the presence of both anemia and thrombocytopenia. The objective of this study was to determine the association between severe anemia, defined as hemoglobin (Hb) < 70 g/L in the three days before the first major bleeding event, and the risk of major bleeding in patients with hematological malignancy. A major bleed was defined as Grade 2 or higher on the World Health Organization (WHO) scale.</div></div><div><h3>Design and Methods</h3><div>We did a substudy of patients from the PREPAReS trial, a randomized trial comparing the efficacy of pathogen-inactivated platelets versus untreated platelet products in patients with hematological malignancy undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Daily hemoglobin levels, platelet counts, and WHO-graded bleeding assessments were collected during the trial. Cox regression analysis was used to assess the effect of anemia on risk of the first major bleed. Anemia was defined as a daily binary covariate of lowest Hb < 70 g/L or >/=70 g/L in the past three days. Cox regression models were adjusted for potential risk factors including sex, age, diagnosis (acute myeloid leukemia [AML] or non-AML), country, treatment stage, and study randomization arm. The substudy was approved by the research ethics board.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>565 patients were included from ten centres in three countries. 270 patients had AML (47.8%) and 182 patients were female (32.2%). In total, 321 patients (56.8%) developed a bleed of Grade 2 or higher. The first bleeding events were Grade 2 (n=309; 96.3%), Grade 3 (n=4; 1.2%) or Grade 4 (n= 8; 2.5%). A significant association between Hb < 70 and risk of bleeding was observed (Hazard ratio=1.71, p=0.009). Females had a higher risk of bleeding during the first seven days from randomization compared to males (HR=2.28, p< 0.001). Five (0.9%) females had vaginal-related bleeding. Difference in risk of major bleeding was observed between countries (p< 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Severe anemia was associated with major bleeding in patients with hematological malignancy undergoing chemotherapy. Maintaining a higher hemoglobin level for this patient group should be considered and evaluated in prospective trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56081,"journal":{"name":"Transfusion Medicine Reviews","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 150911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intravenous Iron Therapy Versus Blood Transfusion for Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Systematic Review","authors":"Martin Bedan , Christian Lottrup","doi":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review aimed to assess and compare the effect of blood transfusion and intravenous iron therapy on the hemoglobin levels based on clinical trials. To do this, a search was conducted 25<sup>th</sup> of September 2024 by using PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases to identify studies comparing intravenous iron with blood transfusion in patients with iron deficiency anemia (<12 g/dL for women and <13 g/dL for men). The outcome selected was change in hemoglobin levels. The quality of the trials was assessed using Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. We included 5 studies (three randomized controlled trials, 1 observational study and 1 retrospective study) comprising a total of 154,539 patients. Patient populations were heterogenous, encompassing surgical patients, patients undergoing hip fracture and pregnant women. Due to heterogeneity among the included studies, hemoglobin levels were reported at varying follow-up intervals. At 3 weeks follow-up or later after initial treatment, 3 studies reported significantly higher hemoglobin levels (ranging from 0.7 g/dL to 1.4 g/dL higher) in the intravenous iron group compared to the blood transfusion group. The remaining 2 studies found similar hemoglobin levels. Less than 3 weeks after initial treatment, 2 studies reported significantly higher hemoglobin levels in the blood transfusion group compared to the intravenous iron group. Our findings indicate that blood transfusion is more effective in achieving a rapid increase in hemoglobin levels shortly after therapy initiation, although this effect diminishes relatively swiftly. In contrast, intravenous iron seems to exert a more gradual increase in, but also longer lasting effect on, hemoglobin levels. However, our findings are limited by the small number of trials as well as questionable methodological quality of the included studies, resulting in a high risk of bias. Further investigation is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56081,"journal":{"name":"Transfusion Medicine Reviews","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 150905"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stefan F. van Wonderen , Christie Vermeulen , Johan Lagerberg , Alexander P.J. Vlaar , Thomas R.L. Klei
{"title":"Combinations of Non-di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Collection Sets, Storage Bags and Additive Solutions for Red Blood Cells","authors":"Stefan F. van Wonderen , Christie Vermeulen , Johan Lagerberg , Alexander P.J. Vlaar , Thomas R.L. Klei","doi":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For decades, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been the primary plasticizer used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blood bags flexible. DEHP leaches into the blood product, stabilizing red blood cell (RBC) membranes and preventing excessive hemolysis. Despite being classified as a substance of very high concern due to its potential endocrine-disrupting and carcinogenic effects, DEHP has continued to be used in red cell concentrate (RCC) storage bags, as alternatives have often led to reduced RCC quality during storage. However, under the European Medical Device Regulation the use of DEHP in medical devices is restricted to below 0.1% by weight per July 2030. As a result, the effect of several alternative plasticizers on RCC quality, such as di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT), 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH), and N-butyryl-n-hexyl citrate (BTHC), have recently been investigated in combination with different storage solutions. Although previous studies using these new combinations showed variable results, these alternatives remain the most promising options, with current data demonstrating reduced leaching and lower toxicity compared to DEHP. This review highlights key publications on the transition from DEHP-PVC blood bag systems for RCC storage, demonstrating that several non-DEHP alternatives are viable replacement options, particularly when combined with next-generation storage solutions. Future studies are required to assess the frequency of adverse events, the occurrence of handling issues such as leakage, and to evaluate practical performance and clinical efficacy through post-transfusion recovery and increment studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56081,"journal":{"name":"Transfusion Medicine Reviews","volume":"39 3","pages":"Article 150904"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danielle H. Robinson , Maple Huang , Diva Baggio , Giles Kelsey , Abbey Willcox , Kay Htun , Amanda K. Davis
{"title":"ADAMTS13 Testing During Clinical Remission of Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Critical Review","authors":"Danielle H. Robinson , Maple Huang , Diva Baggio , Giles Kelsey , Abbey Willcox , Kay Htun , Amanda K. Davis","doi":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP), an autoimmune disorder characterised by thrombocytopenia and microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, is associated with significant morbidity. The diagnosis is made when ADAMTS13 activity is <10% in conjunction with supporting clinical features. Treatment includes plasma exchange with immunosuppressive and anti-von Willebrand factor therapies. While diagnosis and management of acute iTTP are well established, our understanding of optimal monitoring during clinical remission remains incomplete. Clinical relapse of iTTP occurs most commonly within the first year of remission, however, there is little consensus as to the frequency of ADAMTS13 monitoring during clinical remission and when to intervene when there is ongoing deficiency. Through selecting studies that performed ADAMTS13 activity testing during clinical remission of iTTP we critically analyse the current research of ADAMTS13 monitoring during clinical remission and suggest areas for further research with a focus on clinically important outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56081,"journal":{"name":"Transfusion Medicine Reviews","volume":"39 2","pages":"Article 150896"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeremy W. Jacobs , Ronan P. Sugrue , Jerome Jeffrey Federspiel , Melissa C. Funaro , Brian D. Adkins , Garrett S. Booth , Masja de Haas , Jia Jennifer Ding , Danijela Drndarevic , Sejal Kabre , Shengxin Liu , Yolentha M. Slootweg , Eleonor Tiblad , Kenneth J. Moise Jr , Elizabeth A. Abels
{"title":"The Utility of a Critical Antibody Titer in Anti-K Alloimmunized Pregnancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy","authors":"Jeremy W. Jacobs , Ronan P. Sugrue , Jerome Jeffrey Federspiel , Melissa C. Funaro , Brian D. Adkins , Garrett S. Booth , Masja de Haas , Jia Jennifer Ding , Danijela Drndarevic , Sejal Kabre , Shengxin Liu , Yolentha M. Slootweg , Eleonor Tiblad , Kenneth J. Moise Jr , Elizabeth A. Abels","doi":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anti-Kell (anti-K) alloimmunization is a known cause of severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN), yet the utility of a critical maternal antibody titer in guiding clinical management remains debated. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a maternal anti-K titer threshold of ≥8 for predicting the need for intrauterine intervention due to severe anti-K–mediated HDFN. In parallel, we characterized all reported cases of severe HDFN occurring in the setting of low maternal anti-K titers (<8). Studies were excluded if they lacked reported titers, did not include K-positive or K-unknown fetuses, failed to report fetal outcomes, or included interventions that could lower maternal alloantibody levels. Studies that assessed all alloimmunized patients meeting inclusion criteria were incorporated into a diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) meta-analysis; all eligible studies were included in a qualitative synthesis. Fifty-four studies, comprising 582 fetuses, met inclusion criteria. Of these, 6 studies (350 fetuses) were included in the DTA analysis, which demonstrated a pooled sensitivity of 97.0% (95% CI, 88.7%–99.2%) and specificity of 33.1% (95% CI, 27.9%–38.8%) for an anti-K titer ≥8. Among fetuses affected by severe HDFN, 98.6% (204/207) were associated with maternal anti-K titers ≥8. These findings suggest that severe disease is uncommon in the setting of low anti-K titers and support the use of a critical titer threshold to inform antenatal surveillance. Reevaluation of current clinical guidelines may be warranted in light of these data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56081,"journal":{"name":"Transfusion Medicine Reviews","volume":"39 2","pages":"Article 150895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manoj M Lalu , Samuel Igweokpala , Natasha Kekre , Matthew S Jeffers , Joshua Montroy , Maryam Ghiasi , Kevin Hay , Scott McComb , Risini Weeratna , Harold Atkins , Brian Hutton , Ayel Yahya , Ashish Masurekar , Philippe Giguere , Elham Sabri , Mohamad Sobh , Dean A Fergusson
{"title":"Identifying Modifiers of CAR T-Cell Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis","authors":"Manoj M Lalu , Samuel Igweokpala , Natasha Kekre , Matthew S Jeffers , Joshua Montroy , Maryam Ghiasi , Kevin Hay , Scott McComb , Risini Weeratna , Harold Atkins , Brian Hutton , Ayel Yahya , Ashish Masurekar , Philippe Giguere , Elham Sabri , Mohamad Sobh , Dean A Fergusson","doi":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CAR T-cell therapy is effective in relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies, but its use has been tempered by heterogeneity in response and safety outcomes. We performed individual patient data meta-analysis (IPDMA) of CAR T-cell therapy in patients with hematologic malignancies to explore whether patient-level factors modify therapeutic efficacy/safety. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL for relevant trials. IPD was collected and pooled from each included trial, and prevalence of outcomes among strata of potential modifiers was explored. Our primary outcome was complete response, and the secondary outcomes were cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and immune effector cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). We identified 89 trials comprising 2,331 patients for the IPDMA. Complete response proportion ranged from 25% to 75% depending on cancer type. Decreased complete response was seen in those that received bridging therapy compared to those that did not (34% vs 58%, RR:0.55, 95% CI:0.30-0.98), as well as with autologous cell sources compared to allogeneic sources (53% vs 67%, RR:0.61, 95% CI:0.43-0.87). Compared to CAR T-cell therapies targeting CD19 alone, therapies that combine CD19 targeting with additional targets such as CD20, CD22, CD30, CD33, LeY, NKG2D, or BCMA were associated with higher complete response rates (72% vs 58%, RR:1.69, 95% CI:1.15-2.50). Autologous cell sources demonstrated increased risk of ICANS relative to allogeneic sources (24% vs 3%, RR:10.48, 95% CI:1.87-58.57). Safety and efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy within specific cancer types was also affected by modifiers including bridging therapy, CAR T-cell source, CAR T-cell target, sex, age, number of cell infusions, co-stimulatory domain, and dose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56081,"journal":{"name":"Transfusion Medicine Reviews","volume":"39 2","pages":"Article 150897"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline M. Schaap, Robert B. Klanderman, Anna-Linda Peters, Alexander P.J. Vlaar, Marcella C.A. Müller
{"title":"Ultra-Restrictive Transfusion Thresholds in Critically Ill Adults: Are We Ready for the Next Step?","authors":"Caroline M. Schaap, Robert B. Klanderman, Anna-Linda Peters, Alexander P.J. Vlaar, Marcella C.A. Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2025.150893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anemia is almost universal in critically ill patients, with 25% receiving blood transfusions as clinicians aim to prevent insufficient oxygen delivery. The current 'restrictive' hemoglobin (Hb) threshold of 7 g/dL for the nonbleeding critically ill population is supported by several landmark transfusion trials. While some trials have investigated lower transfusion thresholds, these were not conducted in this specific population. Transfusion is associated with various risks including transfusion-associated circulatory overload, transfusion-related acute lung injury, and hemolytic reactions. Moreover, transfusion products are scarce and expensive as they are produced from voluntary blood donations. Therefore, it is essential to limit blood transfusion to when absolutely necessary. Research indicates that several patient categories tolerate lower Hb levels than 7 g/dL. For instance, studies on acute hemodilution in healthy volunteers have shown that lower Hb levels do not lead to organ ischemia. Similarly, studies involving patients who refuse transfusions, often report lower Hb levels down to 5g/dL or less. These lower Hb levels appear to have limited impact on mortality or morbidity related outcomes. In patients with severe burns or hematological disorders, Hb levels below 7 g/dL are not associated with significant adverse outcomes. These findings suggest that the transfusion threshold for critically ill patients could potentially be lowered, as Hb levels under 7 g/dL do not inherently lead to increased mortality or morbidity. An individualized approach to deciding whether to transfuse or not might be best. This shift in transfusion practice could help reduce costs and minimize the risks associated with blood transfusions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56081,"journal":{"name":"Transfusion Medicine Reviews","volume":"39 2","pages":"Article 150893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143579498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recommended Papers of 2024 From the TMR Editorial Board","authors":"Sunny Dzik , Zoe McQuilten , Jeannie Callum","doi":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2024.150874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tmrv.2024.150874","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56081,"journal":{"name":"Transfusion Medicine Reviews","volume":"39 1","pages":"Article 150874"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143076111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}