Progress in Orthodontics最新文献

{"title":"Seeking orderness out of the orderless movements: an up-to-date review of the biomechanics in clear aligners.","authors":"Jiawei Li, Jiarui Si, Chaoran Xue, Hui Xu","doi":"10.1186/s40510-024-00543-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-024-00543-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although with increasing popularity due to aesthetic appeal and comfort, clear aligners (CAs) are facing challenges in efficacy and predictability. Advancement in the underlying biomechanical field is crucial to addressing these challenges. This paper endeavors to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the biomechanics of CA and enlightening biomechanics-based improvements on treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A thorough review of the English-language literature accessible through PubMed and Google Scholar, without any publication year restrictions, was undertaken to unravel the biomechanical aspects of CA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review presented an up-to-date understanding of aligner biomechanics arranged by the framework of the material-dependent mechanical characteristics of CA, the geometric characteristics-dependent force transmission of the CA system, methods for studying the biomechanics of CA, and the biomechanical analyses for different types of tooth movement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Biomechanics should be the fundamental concern for concepts, methods and adjuncts attempting to enhance the accuracy and predictability of tooth movement induced by CA. Improvement on material properties and alteration of geometric design of CA are two main approaches to develop biomechanically optimized force system. Exploration of real-world force sensing and monitoring system would make substantial progresses in aligner biomechanics.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"25 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11570571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-stratified assessment of orthodontic tooth movement outcomes with clear aligners.","authors":"Mariamma Chaluparambil, Sarah Abu Arqub, Chia-Ling Kuo, Lucas Da Cunha Godoy, Madhur Upadhyay, Sumit Yadav","doi":"10.1186/s40510-024-00542-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-024-00542-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compared the achieved tooth movement to that predicted in the preliminary simulated digital treatment plan between adults and teenagers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Records of 60 patients (30 adults; mean age: 36.6 ± 11.36 years, and 30 teenagers; mean age: 16.23 ± 2.25 years) were randomly selected. Initial and predicted models were obtained from the initial simulated treatment plan. The first model of the refinement scan was labeled as achieved. SlicerCMF software (version 3.1; https://www.slicer.org ) was used to superimpose the achieved and predicted digital models over the initial ones with regional superimposition on relatively stable first molars. 600 teeth were measured in each group for horizontal, vertical, angular movements, and transverse dimensions. Accuracy was defined as the achieved amount of movement minus predicted and was calculated for each individual and compared between teens and adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mandibular inter-canine width accuracy was statistically significant between groups (p = 0.050). Significant under-correction in horizontal movements was noted for mandibular first premolars in teenagers compared to adults (p = 0.037). There was considerable over-correction in horizontal movements for mandibular central and lateral incisors between groups (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between groups in the vertical plane. Rotations were underachieved for maxillary first premolars, more in adults than teenagers (p = 0.017).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The accuracy of achieved versus predicted tooth movement between adults and teenagers was significant for the inter-canine width. Mandibular central and lateral incisors showed significantly greater over-correction in adults in the horizontal plane. The accuracy of rotations and vertical movements was comparable.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"25 1","pages":"43"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11551086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of orthodontists in the multidisciplinary management of obstructive sleep apnea.","authors":"Jorge Faber, Aliciane Mota, Lai-In Ho, M Ali Darendeliler","doi":"10.1186/s40510-024-00541-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-024-00541-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex disorder characterized by interruptions in breathing during sleep, leading to a range of adverse outcomes from reduced quality of life to serious health risks, including cardiovascular diseases and increased mortality.</p><p><strong>Main body: </strong>This manuscript reviews the orthodontists' essential role in the multidisciplinary healthcare team tasked with managing OSA. It particularly highlights critical orthodontic interventions, such as surgical-orthodontic maxillomandibular advancement (MMA), mandibular advancement appliances (MAAs), and rapid maxillary expansion (RME). These interventions are pivotal in modifying craniofacial structures to enhance airway patency. The importance of conducting a thorough airway analysis is underscored, assessing the complete anatomical and functional factors contributing to airway obstruction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The paper calls for increased collaborative research efforts to develop standardized, evidence-based orthodontic procedures for effectively managing OSA, aiming to improve patient outcomes through specialized, tailored interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"25 1","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11532327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymerization kinetics of 3D-printed orthodontic aligners under different UV post-curing conditions.","authors":"Thomas Manoukakis, Alexandros K Nikolaidis, Elisabeth A Koulaouzidou","doi":"10.1186/s40510-024-00540-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-024-00540-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of the study was to measure the degree of conversion (DC) of direct-printed aligners (DPA) that were post-cured under ambient and nitrogen atmosphere at specific time intervals and investigate the kinetics of polymerization reaction of this material.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 48 aligners were produced in 4 printing series by a 3D printer with TC-85DAC resin (Graphy Inc). From each series of printing, 12 aligners were included. The aligners were divided into two groups according to their post-curing conditions. One group was post-cured under ambient air with the presence of oxygen and the other under a nitrogen atmosphere, both using the same UV post-curing unit recommended by the company. The aligners were post-cured at six different time intervals: 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 20 min. Each time interval included 8 aligners, with 2 aligners from each series. The DC of the cured aligners was measured by means of attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) through acquisition of the respective spectra for each UV-curing condition. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the results and differences within each atmosphere post-curing protocol, as well as between the different selected atmosphere conditions. Statistical significance level was set at p-value ≤ 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pairwise analysis between post-curing protocols showed statistically significant differences only at the first minute of polymerization. Post-curing with nitrogen did not yield statistically significant results across different time intervals. Post-curing in ambient air showed some significant differences on the 1st and 2nd minute of the post-curing process.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Almost complete double bond conversion was observed. Significant differences were observed only during the first minute of polymerization under the nitrogen atmosphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"25 1","pages":"42"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11513777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of AI-assisted cephalometric analysis and orthodontist-performed digital tracing analysis.","authors":"Sabahattin Bor, Saadet Çınarsoy Ciğerim, Seda Kotan","doi":"10.1186/s40510-024-00539-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-024-00539-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate three AI-assisted cephalometric analysis platforms-CephX, WeDoCeph, and WebCeph-with the traditional digital tracing method using NemoCeph software.</p><p><strong>Material and method: </strong>A total of 1500 lateral cephalometric films that met the inclusion criteria were classified as Class I, Class II, and Class III. Subsequently, 40 patients were randomly selected from each class. These selected films were uploaded to 3 AI-assisted cephalometric analysis platforms and analyzed without any manual intervention. The same films were also analyzed by an orthodontist using the NemoCeph program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed significant differences in key angular measurements (ANB, FMA, IMPA, and NLA) across Class I, II, and III patients when comparing the four cephalometric analysis methods (WebCeph, WeDoCeph, CephX, and NemoCeph). Notably, ANB (p < 0.05), FMA (p < 0.001), IMPA (p < 0.001), and NLA (p < 0.001) varied significantly. Linear measurements also differed, with significant differences in U1-NA (p = 0.002) and Co-A (p = 0.002) in certain classes. Repeated measurement analysis revealed variation in SNA (p = 0.011) and FMA (p = 0.030), particularly in the Class II NemoCeph group, suggesting method-dependent variability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI-assisted cephalometric analysis platforms such as WebCeph, WeDoCeph, and CephX give rise to notable variation in accuracy and reliability compared to traditional manual digital tracing, specifically in terms of angular and linear measurements. These results emphasize the importance of meticulous selection and assessment of analysis methods in orthodontic diagnostics and treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"25 1","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11491421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of psychosocial findings and their correlation with TMD symptoms in an adult population sample.","authors":"Giorgio Iodice, Ambra Michelotti, Vincenzo D'Antò, Stefano Martina, Rosa Valletta, Roberto Rongo","doi":"10.1186/s40510-024-00538-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-024-00538-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Some studies suggested an association between Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and psychosocial status, but most of them are focused on samples of patients looking for treatment or present limits of sample representativeness. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychosocial status in a large sample of adult population, further than to assess its association to TMD symptoms, oral behaviours, and self-reported facial trauma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>the study sample included 4299 subjects older than 18 years randomly recruited from general population in public spaces during their daily life (1700 Males, 2599 Females mean ± SD age = 40.4 ± 18.1). Psychosocial status and pain-related disability were assessed by means of Patient Health Questionnaire 4 (PHQ-4) and Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS). TMD symptoms were assessed by RDC/TMD and validated screening tools for TMD pain. Oral Behaviours Checklist was used to investigate on oral behaviours. Logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association of the psychosocial status, TMD symptoms, trauma, and oral behaviours. The association was tested using both univariate and multivariate models. The PHQ4 evaluation showed a severe impairment in 4.6% of our sample, moderate in 18.8% and mild in 32.5%. We found a Characteristic Pain Intensity (CPI) level and Interference Score greater that 30 respectively in 36.2% and 22.2% of the study sample. The GCPS status revealed a high disability with severe limitation in 2.5% of the sample, high disability with moderate limitation in 7.0%, low disability high pain intensity in 7.4% and low disability low pain intensity in 37.8%. Anxiety and depression's levels were significantly associated with gender, TMD pain, coexistence of TMD Pain and sound, and oral behaviours. GCPS status was significantly associated with age, TMD Pain, coexistence of TMD pain and sound, trauma, and oral behaviours.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the general population, psychosocial impairment is associated to TMD pain, female gender, and report of oral behaviours. Hence, in adults with TMD accompanied by pain, psychosocial status should also be evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"25 1","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11471746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking a dogma: orthodontic tooth movement alters systemic immunity.","authors":"Yehuda Klein, Eilon David, Noy Pinto, Yasmin Khoury, Yechezkel Barenholz, Stella Chaushu","doi":"10.1186/s40510-024-00537-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-024-00537-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevailing paradigm posits orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) as primarily a localized inflammatory process. In this study, we endeavor to elucidate the potential ramifications of mechanical force on systemic immunity, employing a time-dependent approach.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A previously described mouse orthodontic model was used. Ni-Ti. springs were set to move the upper 1st-molar in C57BL/6 mice and the amount of OTM was. measured by µCT. Mice were allocated randomly into four experimental groups, each. corresponding to clinical phases of OTM, relative to force application. Terminal blood. samples were collected and a comprehensive blood count test for 7 cell types as well as. proteome profiling of 111 pivotal cytokines and chemokines were conducted. Two controls. groups were included: one comprised non-treated mice and the other mice with inactivated springs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum immuno-profiling unveiled alterations in cellular immunity, manifesting as. changes in percentages of leukocytes, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and. lymphocytes, alongside key signaling factors in comparison to both control groups. The systemic cellular and molecular alterations triggered by OTM mirrored the dynamics previously described in the local immune response.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the exact interplay between local and systemic immune responses to orthodontic forces require further elucidation, our findings demonstrate a tangible link between the two. Future investigations should aim to correlate these results with human subjects, and strive to delve deeper into the specific mechanisms by which mechanical force modulates the systemic immune response.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"25 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11456555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142382477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated bioinformatic analysis of protein landscape in gingival crevicular fluid unveils sequential bioprocess in orthodontic tooth movement.","authors":"Yao Chen, Li Mei, Yuran Qian, Xinlianyi Zhou, Zhihe Zhao, Wei Zheng, Yu Li","doi":"10.1186/s40510-024-00536-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-024-00536-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The biological mechanisms driving orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) remain incompletely understood. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is an important indicator of the periodontal bioprocess, providing valuable cues for probing the molecular mechanisms of OTM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A rigorous review of the clinical studies over the past decade was conducted after registering the protocol with PROSPERO and adhering to inclusion criteria comprising human subjects, specified force magnitudes and force application modes. The thorough screening investigated differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in GCF associated with OTM. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was carried out using the STRING database, followed by further refinement through Cytoscape to isolate top hub proteins.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A comprehensive summarization of the OTM-related GCF studies was conducted, followed by an in-depth exploration of biomarkers within the GCF. We identified 13 DEPs, including ALP, IL-1β, IL-6, Leptin, MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, PGE₂, TGF-β1, TNF-α, OPG, RANKL. Bioinformatic analysis spotlighted the top 10 hub proteins and their interactions involved in OTM. Based on these findings, we have proposed a hypothetic diagram for the time-course bioprocess in OTM, which involves three phases containing sequential cellular and molecular components and their interplay network.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This work has further improved our understanding to the bioprocess of OTM, suggesting biomarkers as potential modulating targets to enhance OTM, mitigate adverse effects and support real-time monitoring and personalized orthodontic cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"25 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11417088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of cervical vertebral maturation stages with machine learning models: leveraging datasets with high inter- and intra-observer agreement","authors":"Potjanee Kanchanapiboon, Pitipat Tunksook, Prinya Tunksook, Panrasee Ritthipravat, Supatchai Boonpratham, Yodhathai Satravaha, Chaiyapol Chaweewannakorn, Supakit Peanchitlertkajorn","doi":"10.1186/s40510-024-00535-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40510-024-00535-1","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess the accuracy of machine learning (ML) models with feature selection technique in classifying cervical vertebral maturation stages (CVMS). Consensus-based datasets were used for models training and evaluation for their model generalization capabilities on unseen datasets. Three clinicians independently rated CVMS on 1380 lateral cephalograms, resulting in the creation of five datasets: two consensus-based datasets (Complete Agreement and Majority Voting), and three datasets based on a single rater’s evaluations. Additionally, landmarks annotation of the second to fourth cervical vertebrae and patients’ information underwent a feature selection process. These datasets were used to train various ML models and identify the top-performing model for each dataset. These models were subsequently tested on their generalization capabilities. Features that considered significant in the consensus-based datasets were consistent with a CVMS guideline. The Support Vector Machine model on the Complete Agreement dataset achieved the highest accuracy (77.4%), followed by the Multi-Layer Perceptron model on the Majority Voting dataset (69.6%). Models from individual ratings showed lower accuracies (60.4–67.9%). The consensus-based training models also exhibited lower coefficient of variation (CV), indicating superior generalization capability compared to models from single raters. ML models trained on consensus-based datasets for CVMS classification exhibited the highest accuracy, with significant features consistent with the original CVMS guidelines. These models also showed robust generalization capabilities, underscoring the importance of dataset quality.","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142267925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between craniofacial skeletal patterns and anatomic characteristics of masticatory muscles: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"David Togninalli, Gregory S Antonarakis, Alexandra K Papadopoulou","doi":"10.1186/s40510-024-00534-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40510-024-00534-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The anatomic characteristics of the masticatory muscles differ across craniofacial skeletal patterns.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify differences in the anatomic characteristics of masticatory muscles across different sagittal and vertical craniofacial skeletal patterns.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria: </strong>Studies measuring the thickness, width, cross-sectional area (CSA), volume and orientation of masticatory muscles in healthy patients of different sagittal (Class I, Class II, and Class III) and/or vertical (normodivergent, hypodivergent, and hyperdivergent) patterns.</p><p><strong>Information sources: </strong>Unrestricted literature searches in 8 electronic databases/registers until December 2023.</p><p><strong>Risk of bias and synthesis of results: </strong>Study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment with a customised tool were performed independently in duplicate. Random-effects meta-analysis and assessment of the certainty of clinical recommendations with the GRADE approach were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>34 studies (37 publications) were selected with a total of 2047 participants and data from 16 studies were pulled in the meta-analysis. Masseter muscle thickness in relaxation was significantly greater by 1.14 mm (95% CI 0.74-1.53 mm) in hypodivergent compared to normodivergent patients while it was significantly decreased in hyperdivergent patients by - 1.14 mm (95% CI - 1.56 to - 0.73 mm) and - 2.28 mm (95% CI - 2.71 to - 1.85 mm) compared to normodivergent and hypodivergent patients respectively. Similar significant differences were seen between these groups in masseter muscle thickness during contraction as well as masseter muscle CSA and volume. Meta-analyses could not be performed for sagittal categorizations due to insufficient number of studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Considerable differences in masseter muscle thickness, CSA and volume were found across vertical skeletal configurations being significantly reduced in hyperdivergent patients; however, results should be interpreted with caution due to the high risk of bias of the included studies. These variations in the anatomic characteristics of masticatory muscles among different craniofacial patterns could be part of the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning process.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42022371187 .</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":"25 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11381490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142156773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}