Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology最新文献_第4页

The microbiome-driven impact of western diet in the development of noncommunicable chronic disorders 西方饮食对非传染性慢性疾病发展的微生物影响

IF 3.2 3区医学

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101923

Andrea Severino , Ege Tohumcu , Luca Tamai , Pasquale Dargenio , Serena Porcari , Debora Rondinella , Irene Venturini , Marcello Maida , Antonio Gasbarrini , Giovanni Cammarota , Gianluca Ianiro

{"title":"The microbiome-driven impact of western diet in the development of noncommunicable chronic disorders","authors":"Andrea Severino , Ege Tohumcu , Luca Tamai , Pasquale Dargenio , Serena Porcari , Debora Rondinella , Irene Venturini , Marcello Maida , Antonio Gasbarrini , Giovanni Cammarota , Gianluca Ianiro","doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Noncommunicable chronic disorders (NCDs) are multifactorial disorders that share a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation together with an imbalance of gut microbiota. NCDs are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide, and mainly in Western countries, with a significant impact on global health.</div><div>Societal changes, together with the widespread diffusion of modern agricultural methods and food processing, have led to a significant shift in dietary habits over the past century, with an increased diffusion of the Western diet (WD). WD includes foods high in saturated fat, refined sugars, salt, sweeteners, and low in fiber, and is characterized by overeating, frequent snacking, and a prolonged postprandial state.</div><div>An increasing body of evidence supports the association between the diffusion of WD and the rising prevalence of NCDs. WD also negatively affects both gut microbiota and the immune system by driving to microbial alterations, gut barrier dysfunction, increased intestinal permeability, and leakage of harmful bacterial metabolites into the bloodstream, with consequent contribution to the development of systemic low-grade inflammation. In this review article we aim to dissect the role of gut microbiota imbalance and gut barrier impairment in mediating the detrimental effects of WD on the development of NCDs, and to identify potential therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56031,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 101923"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141031346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of the gut microbiome in regulating the response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy 肠道微生物组在调节免疫检查点抑制剂疗法反应中的作用

IF 3.2 3区医学

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101944

Nathan J. Dean , Paolo D. d’Arienzo , Hajir Ibraheim , Karla A. Lee , Anna C. Olsson-Brown , David J. Pinato , Nicholas Powell

{"title":"The role of the gut microbiome in regulating the response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy","authors":"Nathan J. Dean , Paolo D. d’Arienzo , Hajir Ibraheim , Karla A. Lee , Anna C. Olsson-Brown , David J. Pinato , Nicholas Powell","doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised cancer therapy, yet the proportion of patients who achieve long-term disease control remain suboptimal. Over the past decade, the gut microbiome has been shown to influence immune-mediated tumour suppression as well as responses to ICI therapies. Compositional differences in gut microbiome may account for the differences in outcomes from immune checkpoint blockade. Identifying microbiota species associated with favourable/unfavourable outcomes and modelling their dynamics throughout the course of ICI treatment could help develop predictive biomarkers of immunotherapy response, and manipulating the gut microbiome represent a novel approach to enhancing ICI effectiveness. Clinically, this raises the prospect of using gut microbiome-based therapies to overcome primary resistance to ICIs, mitigate the effects of microbiome-altering drugs such as antibiotics or proton pump inhibitors, and improve overall survival in patients across numerous different cancer types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56031,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 101944"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gut microbiota in inflammation and colorectal cancer: A potential Toolbox for Clinicians 炎症和结直肠癌中的肠道微生物群：临床医生的潜在工具箱

IF 3.2 3区医学

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101942

Nathan Grellier , Andrea Severino , Sebastiano Archilei , Jumin Kim , Antonio Gasbarrini , Giovanni Cammarota , Serena Porcari , Nicolas Benech

引用次数: 0

Effect of the immune microenvironment on prognosis in oesophageal adenocarcinoma 免疫微环境对食管癌预后的影响。

IF 3.2 3区医学

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101954

Dimitra V. Peristeri , Munir Tarazi , Patrick Casey , Arfon Powell , Javed Sultan

{"title":"Effect of the immune microenvironment on prognosis in oesophageal adenocarcinoma","authors":"Dimitra V. Peristeri , Munir Tarazi , Patrick Casey , Arfon Powell , Javed Sultan","doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is amongst the most lethal cancers worldwide, with poor treatment response leading to low survival rates. Recent improvements have been achieved by including the tumour microenvironment (TME) and patients' immune profiles in treatment decisions. We already know that patients with immune-enriched/inflamed TME have better survival outcomes. However, OAC TME is largely immunosuppressed and appears to be treatment-resistant. Immunotherapeutic strategies are already part of the therapeutic plans in OAC; a greater understanding of the immune microenvironment underlying oesophageal adenocarcinoma is needed if we are to exploit the inherent cancer-fighting capabilities of each patient's immune system. Therefore, implementing the crosstalks between the tumour and its microenvironment (TME) might be the key to improving overall survival. In this review, we discuss accumulated evidence regarding TME and immune checkpoint inhibitors in OAC, as well as recent and ongoing therapeutic attempts to improve patient treatment and outcomes at an individual level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56031,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology","volume":"72 ","pages":"Article 101954"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Per oral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia 治疗贲门失弛缓症的经口腔内窥镜肌切开术

IF 3.2 3区医学

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101930

引用次数: 0

Perface to special edition: Third space endoscopy 特刊序言：第三空间内窥镜

IF 3.2 3区医学

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101940

Jan Martinek

引用次数: 0

Endoscopic pyloromyotomy for treatment of gastroparesis: A new standard or still an experimental approach? 内镜幽门切开术治疗胃瘫：新标准还是试验性方法？

IF 3.2 3区医学

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101910

{"title":"Endoscopic pyloromyotomy for treatment of gastroparesis: A new standard or still an experimental approach?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Gastroparesis (GP) can be a severe and debilitating disease. Its </span>pathophysiology<span> is complex and not completely understood. Two principal mechanisms are responsible for the development of symptoms – gastric hypomotility and pylorospasm. Pylorus<span><span> targeted therapies aim to decrease presumably elevated pyloric tone – pylorospasm. There is a growing body of evidence about their role in the treatment algorithm of GP. G-POEM (endoscopic pyloromyotomy) is an extensively studied pylorus targeted therapy. Its efficacy ranges between 56 and 80% and the number of recurrences among those with treatment effect seems low. G-POEM is a safe procedure with very low frequency of severe </span>adverse events<span>. At present, G-POEM should not be considered as an experimental approach and may be offered to all patients with refractory and severe GP. Nevertheless, G-POEM is not a first line treatment. Conservative measures such as diet modification and pharmacotherapy should always be tried before G-POEM is considered. Further research must focus on better patient selection as at present there are no standardized criteria. Functional imaging such as impedance planimetry (EndoFlip) may hold promise in this regard.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":56031,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 101910"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140585091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging indications for third space endoscopy 第三空间内窥镜检查的新适应症

IF 3.2 3区医学

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101911

引用次数: 0

How to close mucosal incisions? 如何缝合粘膜切口？

IF 3.2 3区医学

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101938

Rastislav Hustak

{"title":"How to close mucosal incisions?","authors":"Rastislav Hustak","doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article provides an overview of the techniques for closure of the mucosal entry point following advanced procedures in the third space. The outbreak of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) has significantly impacted the treatment of various benign and malignant conditions. Reliable and secure closure of the mucosal entrance is essential for avoiding serious adverse events.</p><p>Although small defects are typically closed using through-the-scope clips (TTSCs) or over-the-scope clips (OTSCs), challenges may occur with larger or transmural defects. Alternative methods, such as specialised stitches and full-thickness suturing systems, have been developed to address these challenges with promising results. Each method has its own pros and cons, and the choice of closure technique depends on various factors such as anatomical location, endoscopist expertise, costs, and clinical context.</p><p>By understanding the technical specifications of each closure device, endoscopists can make decisions that enhance patient outcomes and minimise the risk of complications associated with the approximation of defect edges. Continued research is essential to optimise the evolution of newer closure devices and techniques for advancing NOTES.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56031,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 101938"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141704189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Navigating the learning landscape: Comprehensive training in third space endoscopy - training, techniques, and practical recommendations 学习导航：第三空间内窥镜培训、技术和实用建议的综合培训

IF 3.2 3区医学

Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101918

{"title":"Navigating the learning landscape: Comprehensive training in third space endoscopy - training, techniques, and practical recommendations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpg.2024.101918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Third space endoscopy (TSE), including ESD, POEM, or STER are advanced procedures requiring precise endoscopic control and tissue recognition. Despite its increasing adoption, evidence-based curricula, and standardized training protocols for TSE are lacking. This review explores training methods, cognitive skills, and technical proficiency requirements for endoscopists performing TSE, with a primary emphasis on POEM. Generally, it seems wise to recommend a step-up approach to TSE training, starting with ex-vivo models or POEM simulators; mechanical and virtual reality (VR) simulators are commonly used during early training. Preclinical training involving ex-vivo and live animal models is suggested to prepare trainees for safe and effective procedures. Studies suggest varying numbers of procedures for training, with approximately 20–40 cases needed before a first plateau is achieved in terms of complications and speed. The duration of on-patient clinical training varies depending on prior experience. Mentorship programs, workshops, and case discussions may facilitate dynamic knowledge transfer. In addition, adverse event management is a crucial aspect of any TSE training program. Existing evidence supports the use of preclinical models and emphasizes the importance of specialized training programs for TSE in alignment with our proposed step-up training approach. This review outlines practical recommendations for the theoretical knowledge and technical skills required before commencing TSE training, covering clinical understanding, diagnostic and outcome assessment, procedural requirements, and the role of mentorship programs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56031,"journal":{"name":"Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 101918"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1521691824000404/pdfft?md5=2973dab4291362866783e9ff021359d7&pid=1-s2.0-S1521691824000404-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141057091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0