Science Robotics最新文献

{"title":"AI in therapeutic and assistive exoskeletons and exosuits: Influences on performance and autonomy","authors":"Herman van der Kooij, Edwin H. F. van Asseldonk, Massimo Sartori, Chiara Basla, Adrian Esser, Robert Riener","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adt7329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.adt7329","url":null,"abstract":"Therapeutic and assistive exoskeletons and exosuits show promise in both clinical and real-world settings. Improving their autonomy can enhance usability, effectiveness, and cost efficiency. This Review presents a generic control framework for autonomous operation of upper and lower limb devices and reviews current advancements and future directions. We highlight how data-driven machine learning aids in intention recognition, synchronization, patient assessment, and task-agnostic control. In addition, we discuss how reinforcement learning optimizes control policies through digital human twins and how generative AI supports therapy planning and patient engagement. Richer patient-specific data and more accurate digital twins are needed for clinical validation and widespread deployment.","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The grand challenges of learning medical robot autonomy","authors":"Pierre E. Dupont, Alperen Degirmenci","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adz8279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.adz8279","url":null,"abstract":"Most medical robots depend on human operators for sensing, decision-making, and action during procedures. Future progress depends on enabling robots to take on these capabilities. Although learning-based approaches provide remarkable promise toward achieving this goal, notable challenges must be addressed to unlock these robots’ full potential in clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI search, physician removal: Bronchoscopy robot bridges collaboration in foreign body aspiration","authors":"Lilu Liu, Jingyu Zhang, Fei Wang, Jiyu Yu, Yuxiang Cui, Zhibin Li, Jian Hu, Rong Xiong, Haojian Lu, Yue Wang","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adt5338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.adt5338","url":null,"abstract":"Bronchial foreign body aspiration is a life-threatening condition with a high incidence across diverse populations, requiring urgent diagnosis and treatment. However, the limited availability of skilled practitioners and advanced medical equipment in community clinics and underdeveloped regions underscores the broader challenges in emergency care. Here, we present a cost-effective robotic bronchoscope capable of computed tomography (CT)–free, artificial intelligence (AI)–driven foreign body search and doctor-collaborated removal over long distances via fifth-generation (5G) communication. The system is built around a low-cost (<5000 USD), portable (<2 kilograms) bronchoscope robotic platform equipped with a 3.3-millimeter-diameter catheter and 1-millimeter biopsy forceps designed for safe pulmonary search and foreign body removal. Our AI algorithm, which integrates classical data structures with modern machine learning techniques, enables thorough CT-free lung coverage. The tree structure is leveraged to memorize a compact exploration process and guide the decision-making. Both virtual and physical simulations demonstrate the system’s effective autonomous foreign body search, minimizing bronchial wall contact to reduce patient discomfort. In a remote procedure, a physician in Hangzhou successfully retrieved a foreign body from a live pig located 1500 kilometers away in Chengdu using 5G communication, highlighting effective collaboration of AI, robotics, and human experts. We anticipate that this 5G-enabled, low-cost, AI expert–collaborated robotic platform has notable potential to reduce medical disparities, enhance emergency care, improve patient outcomes, decrease physician workload, and streamline medical procedures through the automation of routine tasks.","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"715 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical robots learn to be autonomous.","authors":"Pierre E Dupont","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adz8291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.adz8291","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous challenges in medicine could be addressed by harnessing autonomy and artificial intelligence in medical robots.","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"285 1","pages":"eadz8291"},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge before faith is the motto of a robot pope","authors":"Robin R. Murphy","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adz8966","DOIUrl":"10.1126/scirobotics.adz8966","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Clifford D. Simak’s <i>Project Pope</i> imagines a distant future where logic unifies religion.</div>","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"10 104","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Will your next surgeon be a robot? Autonomy and AI in robotic surgery","authors":"Samuel Schmidgall, Justin D. Opfermann, Ji Woong Kim, Axel Krieger","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adt0187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.adt0187","url":null,"abstract":"State-of-the-art surgery is performed robotically under direct surgeon control. However, surgical outcome is limited by the availability, skill, and day-to-day performance of the operating surgeon. What will it take to improve surgical outcomes independent of human limitations? In this Review, we explore the technological evolution of robotic surgery and current trends in robotics and artificial intelligence that could lead to a future generation of autonomous surgical robots that will outperform today’s teleoperated robots.","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144684604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical embodied intelligence for generalized task autonomy in laparoscopic robot-assisted surgery.","authors":"Yonghao Long,Anran Lin,Derek Hang Chun Kwok,Lin Zhang,Zhenya Yang,Kejian Shi,Lei Song,Jiawei Fu,Hongbin Lin,Wang Wei,Kai Chen,Xiangyu Chu,Yang Hu,Hon Chi Yip,Philip Wai Yan Chiu,Peter Kazanzides,Russell H Taylor,Yunhui Liu,Zihan Chen,Zerui Wang, Samuel Kwok Wai Au,Qi Dou","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adt3093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.adt3093","url":null,"abstract":"Surgical robots capable of autonomously performing various tasks could enhance efficiency and augment human productivity in addressing clinical needs. Although current solutions have automated specific actions within defined contexts, they are challenging to generalize across diverse environments in general surgery. Embodied intelligence enables general-purpose robot learning with applications for daily tasks, yet its application in the medical domain remains limited. We introduced an open-source surgical embodied intelligence simulator for an interactive environment to develop reinforcement learning methods for minimally invasive surgical robots. Using such embodied artificial intelligence, this study further addresses surgical task automation, enabling zero-shot transfer of simulation-trained policies to real-world scenarios. The proposed method encompasses visual parsing, a perceptual regressor, policy learning, and a visual servoing controller, forming a paradigm that combines the advantages of data-driven policy and classic controller. The visual parsing uses stereo depth estimation and image segmentation with a visual foundation model to handle complex scenes. Experiments demonstrated autonomy in seven game-based skill training tasks on the da Vinci Research Kit, with a proof-of-concept study on haptic-assisted skill training as a practical application. Moreover, we conducted automation of five surgical assistive tasks with the Sentire surgical system on ex vivo animal tissues with various scenes, object sizes, instrument types, and illuminations. The learned policies were also validated in a live-animal trial for three tasks in dynamic in vivo surgical environments. We hope this open-source infrastructure, coupled with a general-purpose learning paradigm, will inspire and facilitate future research on embodied intelligence toward autonomous surgical robots.","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"7 1","pages":"eadt3093"},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144645892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equalizing access: How robotics and AI can transform surgical care worldwide.","authors":"Marta Weber,Kee B Park,Salim Afshar","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adt6471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.adt6471","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of robotics and artificial intelligence holds promise for improving access to surgical care worldwide.","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"15 1","pages":"eadt6471"},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144646029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The robot will see you now: Foundation models are the path forward for autonomous robotic surgery.","authors":"Michael Yip","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adt0684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.adt0684","url":null,"abstract":"Foundation models in robotics are here to stay, but can surgical robotics keep up with their data-intense requirement?","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"47 1","pages":"eadt0684"},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144594441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical needles in the hands of AI: Advancing toward autonomous robotic navigation","authors":"Ron Alterovitz, Janine Hoelscher, Alan Kuntz","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adt1874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.adt1874","url":null,"abstract":"Safely and accurately navigating needles percutaneously or endoscopically to sites deep within the body is essential for many medical procedures, from biopsies to localized drug deliveries to tumor ablations. The advent of image guidance decades ago gave physicians information about the patient’s anatomy. We are now entering the era of AI (artificial intelligence) guidance, where AI can automatically analyze images, identify targets and obstacles, compute safe trajectories, and autonomously navigate a needle to a site with unprecedented accuracy and precision. We survey recent advances in the building blocks of AI guidance for medical needle deployment robots (perceiving anatomy, planning motions, perceiving instrument state, and performing motions) and discuss research opportunities to maximize the benefits of AI guidance for patient care.","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":25.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144586904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}