Lancet Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Public Health 2025; 10: e391–400","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00114-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00114-8","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Li A, Leppold C. Long-term mental health trajectories across multiple exposures to climate disasters in Australia: a population-based cohort study.</em> Lancet Public Health <em>2025;</em> 10: <em>e391–400</em>—In table 2 of this Article, the text in the far left column for the subcategories below Second disaster and Third disaster should have read “<em>vs</em> before disaster one”. This correction has been made as of April 30, 2025.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating global direct health-care spending on neurological and mental health between 2000 and 2019: a modelling study","authors":"A J Mitchell, Ian E Cogswell, Jeremy Dalos, Golsum Tsakalos, Jiali Lei, Andrei Oros, Quinn Rafferty, Serena Santoni, Xaviera Steele, Joseph L Dieleman, Angela E Apeagyei","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00089-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00089-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>The burden of brain disorders, including neurological and mental health conditions, is rising globally. Despite the increasing burden, literature quantifying global spending patterns on care services for brain disorders is sparse. Our aim was to quantify the direct spending on health care associated with brain disorders between 2000 and 2019.<h3>Methods</h3>In this modelling study, we estimated direct spending for 24 brain disorders across 204 countries in males and females across 18 age groups between 2000 and 2019. We used disease prevalence and incidence from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2023, relative price of care estimates from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Disease Expenditure Project, and type of care-specific and country-specific adjustment factors from the National Health Accounts, to develop estimates of direct health spending on brain disorders. We adjusted our estimates using a hierarchical linear mixed-effects model regression.<h3>Findings</h3>We estimated US$1·7 trillion (95% uncertainty interval 1·6–1·9) in direct health-care spending on brain disorders in 2019, in which spending grew annually at 3·5% (3·2–3·7) since 2000. Direct spending on services for neurological disorders accounted for 51·8% (48·4–55·6) of total spending in 2019, in which inpatient care services represented the largest fraction of overall spending on brain health globally. Older adults aged 50–74 years had the highest spending on care services and the steepest growth. There were minimal sex differences overall.<h3>Interpretation</h3>Direct spending on brain health contributes to a substantial economic burden for societies. In light of an increasingly ageing global population, it is crucial that policy makers prioritise interventions that support households affected by brain disorders.<h3>Funding</h3>Roche Holdings and Genentech.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term mental health trajectories across multiple exposures to climate disasters in Australia: a population-based cohort study","authors":"Ang Li, Claire Leppold","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00068-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00068-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Tracking populations through increasingly frequent climate disasters and understanding what contributes to mental health risks is crucial for adaption and planning for a climate changed world. We aimed to examine mental health trajectories after consecutive climate-related disasters and assess differences in mental health outcomes by temporal proximity to previous disasters and risk profiles.<h3>Methods</h3>Using longitudinal population-based Australian data from 2009 to 2019, people who experienced home damage from at least one disaster (flood, bushfire, or cyclone) were included in the exposure population and tracked from pre-disaster to post-disaster years after each exposure. Cumulative mental health effects of each sequential exposure were estimated through various mental health measures using a panel event study design with linear models in comparison to unexposed matched controls, pre-disaster baselines, and across stratified risk groups. The main mental health outcome was measured with the 5-item mental health inventory (MHI-5).<h3>Findings</h3>Mental health effects became more severe with successive disasters. MHI-5 scores declined by 1·61 (95% CI –2·69 to –0·52) and 3·37 (–6·45 to –0·29) during the first and repeat disaster exposures, respectively, compared with the year preceding the first disaster. Recovery to a pre-disaster baseline was more delayed with repeat disaster exposures. There were greater declines in mental health when disasters were closer to the previous exposure (1–2 years apart) than further away (3 or more years). Risk factors that shape mental health trajectories either remained consistent across multiple exposures (social support as protective and long-term health conditions as risks) or became more salient during subsequent exposures (lower household income and rural areas more vulnerable to the mental health effects of repeat disasters).<h3>Interpretation</h3>Additional disaster exposures were associated with greater declines in mental health and shifts in some risk factors. Multiple disaster exposures must be urgently considered in public health, welfare, and disaster services.<h3>Funding</h3>Australian Research Council.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screen no matter the risk?","authors":"Frerik Smit, Axelle Braggion, Arnaud Chiolero","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00093-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00093-3","url":null,"abstract":"The systematic review by Naomi Tan and colleagues published in <em>The Lancet Public Health</em> (February issue) on the perceptions of personalised risk-based cancer screening reflects a growing trend in the field, with a risk-based approach seemingly being the future of cancer screening.<span><span>¹</span></span> In an era of personalised medicine and precision public health, there is considerable appeal in tailoring cancer screening according to individual risk. By identifying and screening people at high risk of cancer who are likely to benefit the most from screening, the hope is to maximise cancer-specific mortality reductions without exposing people who are at low risk—and unlikely to benefit from screening—to potential harms.<span><span>1</span></span>, <span><span>2</span></span> This approach represents one strategy for preventing low-value, population-based screening.<span><span>³</span></span>","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate disasters and mental health: directions for research, practice, and policy","authors":"Sarah R Lowe, Dana Rose Garfin","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00097-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00097-0","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change has increased the frequency, severity, and lethality of climate disasters, including hurricanes, wildfires, and floods, with these trends expected to escalate.<span><span>¹</span></span> Resultingly, individuals and communities will be at increased risk of exposure to multiple disasters over time. Since robust research has correlated disaster exposure with mental ill health,<span><span>2</span></span>, <span><span>3</span></span> understanding how successive disasters affect population mental health is crucial.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviving action on child health—now!","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00102-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00102-1","url":null,"abstract":"Halving under-5 mortality within a generation has been the most spectacular success in health during modern times. The child survival movement of the Millennium Development Goal era (2000–15) unlocked levels of political commitment and new investment never before seen in women's and children's health. Why? Because a remarkable coalition was built between civil society, scientists, policy makers, and politicians. That alliance directly connected the evidence about what works to save children's lives to decision making. Politicians had the confidence—because they had the data—to invest in children, knowing that would yield rich rewards. Shockingly, this acceleration in progress is now under threat.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cigarette taxation reduces inequalities in child mortality","authors":"Garima Bhatt, Kamran Siddiqi","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00090-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00090-8","url":null,"abstract":"In <em>The Lancet Public Health</em>, Olivia Bannon and colleagues<span><span>¹</span></span> provide empirical data to show the distinctive advantage of tobacco taxes in saving children's lives and reducing health inequalities. The authors found that substantial tax increases on cigarettes reduce mortality in children younger than 5 years (hereafter referred to as under-5 mortality), with the poorest quintile benefiting the most. However, smaller 10 percentage point increases were not associated with a significant difference between wealth quintiles. Furthermore, only specific taxes (based on quantity or weight-based taxes) were associated with reduced socioeconomic inequalities in under-5 child mortality, and not ad valorem taxes, which allow price adjustments to maintain affordability.<span><span>¹</span></span> The study also shows the value in investing in data infrastructure that can be reliably used to inform public health policies.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cigarette taxation and socioeconomic inequalities in under-5 mortality across 94 low-income and middle-income countries: a longitudinal ecological study","authors":"Olivia S Bannon, Jasper V Been, Sam Harper, Anthony A Laverty, Christopher Millett, Frank J van Lenthe, Filippos T Filippidis, Márta K Radó","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00065-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00065-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Although increasing cigarette taxes is known to improve child survival, there are few data on their effect on socioeconomic inequalities in child mortality. We investigated the association between cigarette taxation and socioeconomic inequalities in mortality in children younger than 5 years (hereafter referred to as under-5 mortality) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).<h3>Methods</h3>This was a longitudinal ecological study. We linked country-level annual data on 94 LMICs, as defined by the World Bank, and annual data on under-5 mortality by wealth quintile from the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation from 2008 to 2020. We used fixed-effect panel regression models to assess the association of cigarette taxes with absolute and relative inequalities in under-5 mortality by wealth quintile.<h3>Findings</h3>Increasing total cigarette tax by 10-percentage-points was associated with reduced under-5 mortality rates in all wealth quintiles. Raising total cigarette tax from 0·0–24·9% to 25·0–74·9% and 75·0% or more of their total retail value was associated with 3·8% (95% CI 0·2 to 7·3) and 7·6% (1·4 to 13·4) decreases in absolute inequality in under-5 mortality, respectively. This finding was mainly attributable to specific tax, which was associated with a 1·4% (0·3 to 2·6) reduction in absolute inequality for each 10-percentage-point increase. We estimated that raising total cigarette taxes to 75·0% or more in all 94 LMICs could have averted 281 017 (196 916 to 362 301) under-5 deaths in 2021.<h3>Interpretation</h3>High cigarette taxes are associated with a large decrease in absolute inequality in child mortality in LMICs. These findings support raising cigarette taxes to the WHO-recommended 75% or more of the retail value to protect the poorest children.<h3>Funding</h3>Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life, and Welfare; Stiftelsen Riksbankens Jubileumsfond; European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation; and UK National Institute for Health and Care Research.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic costs of neurological and mental health care: implications for research and policy action","authors":"Crick Lund, Donela Besada","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00094-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00094-5","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social prescribing in the USA: emerging learning and opportunities","authors":"Rachel Marshall, Alexandra Bradbury, Nicole Morgan, Katrina Pineda, Daniel Hayes, Alexandra Burton, Jill Sonke, Daisy Fancourt","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00066-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00066-0","url":null,"abstract":"The global prevalence of chronic diseases and high costs of health care are complex challenges that are driving countries to focus on addressing the social determinants of health and downstream social needs. These challenges require innovative health-care practices that integrate disease prevention, treatment, and management with salutogenic initiatives to promote population health. Many countries have turned to social prescribing as a promising approach. Social prescribing connects people with non-clinical support and services within their communities. While social prescribing has more commonly been adopted in countries with government-funded national health services, in this Viewpoint, we share learning from examples in the USA. We argue that social prescribing in the USA is unique given the heterogeneity of the country and its health systems, and that this aspect influences programme activities, target-populations, and models. These examples offer valuable lessons about the barriers and enablers to implementing social prescribing in different contexts, including privatised health-care systems. Ultimately, we call upon US stakeholders to recognise the benefits that social prescribing could bring to public health and take action to support its development. We also invite stakeholders from other countries to consider learnings from the USA and how social prescribing can be successfully implemented in their contexts.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}