Lancet Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Public Health 2025; 10: e58–62","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00043-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00043-x","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Friedman J, Ciccarone D. The public health risks of counterfeit pills.</em> Lancet Public Health 2025; <strong>10:</strong> e58–62—In this Viewpoint, the final sentence of the first paragraph of The possibility of a global synthetic drug crisis section should have read “to synthetic products such as methamphetamine and fentanyl”. This correction has been made as of Feb 10, 2025.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143385475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling the growing burden of nitrous oxide-induced public health harms","authors":"Safiya A Zaloum, Devan Mair, Alvar Paris, Laura J Smith, Marta Patyjewicz, Barbara L Onen, Alastair J Noyce","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00298-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00298-6","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrous oxide has been increasing in popularity as a recreational drug in the past decade, and with this an increase in health harms related to nitrous oxide use, particularly nitrous oxide-induced myeloneuropathy. In response, governments in many countries have adopted new laws that either target the end user, by criminalising possession, or target suppliers. The effect of these measures remains to be seen, but the potential to exacerbate harm by targeting the user and thus affecting health-care-seeking behaviour is a concern. Education around the preventable harm from recreational use of nitrous oxide and tightening regulations on suppliers are essential in mitigating the increase in nitrous oxide-related health harms.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143367454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life expectancy and mortality among males and females with HIV in British Columbia in 1996–2020: a population-based cohort study","authors":"Katherine W Kooij, Wendy Zhang, Jason Trigg, Nance Cunningham, Michael O Budu, Megan E Marziali, Viviane Dias Lima, Kate A Salters, Rolando Barrios, Julio S G Montaner, Robert S Hogg","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00304-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00304-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Life expectancy of people with HIV has increased considerably. We used data from the Comparative Outcomes And Service Utilization Trends (COAST) study to examine sex differences in life expectancy and mortality between 1996 and 2020 among people with HIV in British Columbia (BC), Canada.<h3>Methods</h3>COAST, a population-based cohort study, includes clinical and administrative health data on virtually all people with HIV in BC. We calculated life expectancy for people with HIV at ages 20, 40, and 55 years stratified by sex and calendar period. We used Cox regression to model associations between sex and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, adjusting for individual and social determinants of health.<h3>Findings</h3>11 738 males (82·2%) and 2534 females (17·8%) of 14 272 people with HIV, aged ≥20 years, were included. Life expectancy at age 20 years for males increased by 23·54 years from 1996–2001 to 2012–20 (from 24·46 years to 48·00 years), but life expectancy for females in that period increased only by 18·81 years (from 22·13 years to 40·94 years). Similarly, life expectancy at ages 40 years and 55 years increased over time in all strata but remained lower among females than males. The sex-gap in life expectancy at ages 20 and 40 years increased over time. The association between female sex and all-cause mortality was attenuated but remained statistically significant after adjusting for individual and social determinants of health (hazard ratio 1·11 [95% CI 1·03–1·20]).<h3>Interpretation</h3>Although life expectancy among people with HIV in BC increased between 1996 and 2020, life expectancy of females remained lower than males with the gap between them increasing over time. Sex differences in all-cause mortality were partially explained by differences in known socio-structural determinants and immune status. Women with HIV should be considered a priority for public health strategies to address structural factors with adverse health impact.<h3>Funding</h3>Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Health Research BC, CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network, and National Institutes of Health.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143258627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Italy strengthens health-care rights for homeless people","authors":"Emanuele Di Simone, Erika Renzi, Fabio Fabbian, Nicolò Panattoni, Azzurra Massimi","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00007-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00007-6","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mass incarceration as a key driver of gender disparities in tuberculosis","authors":"Katherine C Horton, S Bertel Squire","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00003-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00003-9","url":null,"abstract":"We read with interest the article by Yiran Liu and colleagues assessing the contribution of mass incarceration to tuberculosis incidence in six Latin American countries.<span><span>¹</span></span> We welcome the attention that the authors bring to this important determinant of tuberculosis, yet we note that the authors do not mention the gendered dimension of this issue.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Public Health 2025; 10: e136–47","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00034-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00034-9","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Global Burden of Disease US Health Disparities Collaborators. Life expectancy by county and educational attainment in the USA, 2000–19: an observational analysis.</em> Lancet Public Health 2025; <strong>10:</strong> e136–47—In this Article, the last sentence of the Summary, Findings should read “Over the study period, the gap in life expectancy between the college graduate population and those with less than a high-school education grew in 2018 (90·7%) of 2225 counties”. This correction has been made as of Feb 4, 2025.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health benefits of leisure-time physical activity by socioeconomic status, lifestyle risk, and mental health: a multicohort study","authors":"Solja T Nyberg, Philipp Frank, Jaana Pentti, Lars Alfredsson, Jenni Ervasti, Marcel Goldberg, Anders Knutsson, Aki Koskinen, Tea Lallukka, Maria Nordin, Ossi Rahkonen, Timo Strandberg, Sakari Suominen, Ari Väänänen, Jussi Vahtera, Marianna Virtanen, Hugo Westerlund, Marie Zins, Sari Stenholm, Séverine Sabia, Mika Kivimäki","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00300-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00300-1","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;Regular physical activity is recommended for all aged 5 years and older, but the health benefits gained might differ across population subgroups. The aim of this study was to examine these benefits in terms of years lived free from major non-communicable diseases in subgroups with varying levels of risk factors.&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;Our analysis was based on a multicohort study of initially healthy European adults from the IPD-Work Consortium and initially healthy participants from the UK Biobank study. Self-reported leisure-time physical activity levels at baseline (1986–2010) were categorised as low (no or very little), intermediate (between low and recommended levels), and WHO-recommended (≥2·5 h of moderate or ≥1·25 h of vigorous physical activity per week). We divided the study population into 36 overlapping subgroups based on socioeconomic factors, lifestyle, and mental health at baseline, and assessed disease-free years between ages 40 years and 75 years for both the overall population and subgroups, accounting for coronary heart disease, stroke, type 2 diabetes, cancer, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.&lt;h3&gt;Findings&lt;/h3&gt;14 IPD-Work studies were assessed and six studies were excluded due to missing outcome data and unavailable data for pooling, resulting in the inclusion of eight studies with 124 909 participants. After the exclusion of 7685 participants due to prevalent diseases and 9265 due to missing data, the sample consisted of 107 959 initially healthy European adults (63 567 [58·9%] females and 44 392 [41·1%] males) from the IPD-Work consortium. For the UK Biobank sample, 9 238 453 million individuals were invited, 8 736 094 (94·6%) were non-respondents, and 502 359 participated in the baseline examination. After the exclusion of 73 460 participants, 428 899 participants had data on at least one measure of physical activity. 236 258 (55·1%) were female and 192 641 (44·9%) were male. During 1·6 million person-years at risk, 21 231 IPD-Work participants developed a non-communicable disease, while 101 319 UK Biobank participants developed a non-communicable disease over 4·8 million person-years at risk. Compared with individuals with low physical activity, those meeting the recommended physical activity levels during leisure-time gained an additional 1·1 (95% CI 1·0–1·2) to 2·0 (1·7–2·3) disease-free years, depending on sex and study. In males from the IPD-Work and UK Biobank cohorts, greater gains in disease-free years were observed in current smokers (2·4 [95% CI 2·1–2·8]) versus never smokers (0·7 [0·5–0·9]); those with low education (1·4 [1·1–1·7]) versus high education (0·8 [0·7–1·0]); low socioeconomic status (1·7 [1·5–2·0]) versus high socioeconomic status (0·9 [0·7–1·1]); and those with (1·6 [1·3–1·9]) versus without depressive symptoms (1·0 [0·9–1·1]; p value range &lt;0·0001–0·0008). Similar differences were seen in women for smoking (2·3 [95% CI 1·9–2·7] &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; 0·9 [0·7–1·1]), socioeconomic ","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family-wide effects of adverse childhood experiences","authors":"Nicole Racine, Shainur Premji","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00002-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00002-7","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including abuse, neglect, and household challenges, have harmful implications for long-term health and mental health outcomes.<span><span>¹</span></span> Indeed, ACEs are one of the leading determinants of mental health disorders and are associated with increased health-care use into adulthood.<span><span>1</span></span>, <span><span>2</span></span> ACEs have the potential to infiltrate the family context, having implications for individual children and siblings. Yet, research on ACEs to date has largely focused on the outcomes of individuals rather than taking a family-based approach.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does everyone benefit equally from physical activity?","authors":"Mats Börjesson, Daniel Arvidsson","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00001-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00001-5","url":null,"abstract":"Regular physical activity is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer, and with longevity.<span><span>¹</span></span> Studies on physical activity and health have initially been based on observational studies with small sample sizes.<span><span>²</span></span> Nowadays, the study quality has improved and includes laboratory-based studies with controlled interventions, albeit with limited external validity, as well as longitudinal studies with hard outcomes such as cardiovascular morbidity. Global recommendations for regular physical activity have been developed based on self-reported exercise levels. Such recommendations typically include the same advice for everyone (ie, 150 min per week of moderate intensity exercise).<span><span>³</span></span>","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences in firstborns and mental health risk and health-care use in siblings: a population-based birth cohort study of half a million children in England","authors":"Shabeer Syed, Laura D Howe, Rebecca E Lacey, Jessica Deighton, Muhammad Qummer ul Arfeen, Gene Feder, Ruth Gilbert","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00301-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00301-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) often affect multiple children within families, yet studies tend to focus on the health outcomes of individual children, underestimating the needs of affected families. We aimed to examine the association between firstborns exposed to ACEs between 1 year before and 2 years after birth (the first 1000 days) and the risks of mental health problems, mental health-related health-care contacts, and all-cause hospital admissions in multiple children from the same mother, compared to firstborns without ACEs.&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;We derived a population-based birth cohort in England using linked electronic health records for first-time mothers (aged 14–55 years) with their children (born 2002–18). We followed up the cohort from 1 year before birth up to 18 years after birth across the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD and Aurum databases (primary care), Hospital Episode Statistics (secondary care), and the Office of National Statistics (death registrations) between April 1, 2001, and March 31, 2020. We included six different ACE domains, including child maltreatment, intimate partner violence, maternal substance misuse, maternal mental health problems, adverse family environments, and high-risk presentations of child maltreatment, in the records of the mother or the firstborn in the first 1000 days. The primary outcome was the number of children (aged 5–18 years) with recorded mental health problems per mother. We used adjusted and weighted negative binomial regression models to estimate incidence rate ratios.&lt;h3&gt;Findings&lt;/h3&gt;Of 333 048 firstborns and their mothers, 123 573 (37·1%) had any ACEs between 1 year before and 2 years after birth, and 65 941 (19·8%) of all mothers had at least one child with a mental health problem between ages 5 years and 18 years (median follow-up 11·4 years [IQR 9·2–14·1]). Mothers with firstborns with ACEs had 1·71 (95% CI 1·68–1·73) times as many children in total with mental health problems (mean 29·8 children per 100 mothers, 29·4–30·1) compared with mothers without firstborns with ACEs (mean 17·4 children per 100 mothers, 17·3–17·6), translating into a mean difference of 12·3 (95% CI 11·9–12·7) additional children with mental health problems per 100 mothers. These mothers also had increased incidence rates of children with all-cause emergency admissions and mental health-related contacts. There was no significant difference in the risk of mental health problems between firstborn and later-born children.&lt;h3&gt;Interpretation&lt;/h3&gt;ACEs in firstborns during the first 1000 days were associated with increased mental health problems and health-care needs in multiple children in the same family. The findings highlight the importance of early identification of vulnerable first-time parents and firstborns and increased policy focus on sustained support beyond the first 1000 days to promote healthier long-term family outcomes. Future evaluations of interventions should include ","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}