Lancet Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Family-wide effects of adverse childhood experiences","authors":"Nicole Racine, Shainur Premji","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00002-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00002-7","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including abuse, neglect, and household challenges, have harmful implications for long-term health and mental health outcomes.<span><span>¹</span></span> Indeed, ACEs are one of the leading determinants of mental health disorders and are associated with increased health-care use into adulthood.<span><span>1</span></span>, <span><span>2</span></span> ACEs have the potential to infiltrate the family context, having implications for individual children and siblings. Yet, research on ACEs to date has largely focused on the outcomes of individuals rather than taking a family-based approach.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does everyone benefit equally from physical activity?","authors":"Mats Börjesson, Daniel Arvidsson","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00001-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00001-5","url":null,"abstract":"Regular physical activity is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer, and with longevity.<span><span>¹</span></span> Studies on physical activity and health have initially been based on observational studies with small sample sizes.<span><span>²</span></span> Nowadays, the study quality has improved and includes laboratory-based studies with controlled interventions, albeit with limited external validity, as well as longitudinal studies with hard outcomes such as cardiovascular morbidity. Global recommendations for regular physical activity have been developed based on self-reported exercise levels. Such recommendations typically include the same advice for everyone (ie, 150 min per week of moderate intensity exercise).<span><span>³</span></span>","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse childhood experiences in firstborns and mental health risk and health-care use in siblings: a population-based birth cohort study of half a million children in England","authors":"Shabeer Syed, Laura D Howe, Rebecca E Lacey, Jessica Deighton, Muhammad Qummer ul Arfeen, Gene Feder, Ruth Gilbert","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00301-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00301-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) often affect multiple children within families, yet studies tend to focus on the health outcomes of individual children, underestimating the needs of affected families. We aimed to examine the association between firstborns exposed to ACEs between 1 year before and 2 years after birth (the first 1000 days) and the risks of mental health problems, mental health-related health-care contacts, and all-cause hospital admissions in multiple children from the same mother, compared to firstborns without ACEs.&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;We derived a population-based birth cohort in England using linked electronic health records for first-time mothers (aged 14–55 years) with their children (born 2002–18). We followed up the cohort from 1 year before birth up to 18 years after birth across the Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD and Aurum databases (primary care), Hospital Episode Statistics (secondary care), and the Office of National Statistics (death registrations) between April 1, 2001, and March 31, 2020. We included six different ACE domains, including child maltreatment, intimate partner violence, maternal substance misuse, maternal mental health problems, adverse family environments, and high-risk presentations of child maltreatment, in the records of the mother or the firstborn in the first 1000 days. The primary outcome was the number of children (aged 5–18 years) with recorded mental health problems per mother. We used adjusted and weighted negative binomial regression models to estimate incidence rate ratios.&lt;h3&gt;Findings&lt;/h3&gt;Of 333 048 firstborns and their mothers, 123 573 (37·1%) had any ACEs between 1 year before and 2 years after birth, and 65 941 (19·8%) of all mothers had at least one child with a mental health problem between ages 5 years and 18 years (median follow-up 11·4 years [IQR 9·2–14·1]). Mothers with firstborns with ACEs had 1·71 (95% CI 1·68–1·73) times as many children in total with mental health problems (mean 29·8 children per 100 mothers, 29·4–30·1) compared with mothers without firstborns with ACEs (mean 17·4 children per 100 mothers, 17·3–17·6), translating into a mean difference of 12·3 (95% CI 11·9–12·7) additional children with mental health problems per 100 mothers. These mothers also had increased incidence rates of children with all-cause emergency admissions and mental health-related contacts. There was no significant difference in the risk of mental health problems between firstborn and later-born children.&lt;h3&gt;Interpretation&lt;/h3&gt;ACEs in firstborns during the first 1000 days were associated with increased mental health problems and health-care needs in multiple children in the same family. The findings highlight the importance of early identification of vulnerable first-time parents and firstborns and increased policy focus on sustained support beyond the first 1000 days to promote healthier long-term family outcomes. Future evaluations of interventions should include ","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thank you to The Lancet Public Health's reviewers in 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00017-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00017-9","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The adverse public health effects of non-medical cannabis legalisation in Canada and the USA","authors":"Tesfa Mekonen Yimer, Eva Hoch, Benedikt Fischer, Danielle Dawson, Wayne Hall","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00299-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00299-8","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabis consumption is legally prohibited in most countries in the world. Several countries are legalising cannabis for adult consumption. It is important to monitor the public health effects of these policy changes. In this paper, we summarise the evidence to date on the legalisation of adult non-medical cannabis use in Canada and the USA. We describe regulatory models for cannabis legalisation, changes in cannabis products and pricing, effects on the illicit cannabis market, changes in cannabis use, and changes in cannabis-related physical and mental health harms. We discuss the challenges in assessing the effects of cannabis legalisation on public health outcomes and emphasise the importance of continuous and rigorous monitoring of adverse health effects to inform the design of public health policies and regulations.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections on the tobacco-free generation: methodological challenges and global implications – Authors’ reply","authors":"Julia Rey Brandariz, Mónica Pérez-Ríos, Alberto Ruano-Ravina, Isabelle Soerjomataram","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00008-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00008-8","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of severe mental illness among people in prison across 43 countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Christina Emilian, Noura Al-Juffali, Seena Fazel","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00280-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00280-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Prison populations have been increasing worldwide. Previous studies suggest that there is a high burden of psychiatric morbidity in people in prison, but, to our knowledge, the last published meta-analysis of prevalence is more than a decade old. We aimed to describe the pooled prevalence of depression, psychosis, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders for people who are incarcerated.<h3>Methods</h3>In this updated systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched six databases and grey literature published from database inception until Aug 8, 2024, with no language or geographical restrictions. We included primary quantitative studies that reported the prevalence of depression and psychotic disorders in the unselected prison population, based their diagnoses on clinical examination or from interviews and by the use of validated diagnostic instruments, met standardised criteria of the ICD or the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders for the diagnoses, and provided pooled prevalences for psychosis in the previous 6 months and clinical depression in the previous 2 weeks to 1 month. We excluded studies that used selected samples or were only qualitative. We investigated bipolar and schizophrenia spectrum disorders as separate diagnostic subcategories. We synthesised studies using random-effects meta-analysis and explored heterogeneity with meta-regression and subgroup analyses. The protocol is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022378568.<h3>Findings</h3>We identified 131 publications reporting the prevalence of mental illness in 58 838 people in prison in 43 countries. We estimated that the prevalence of depression was 12·8% (95% CI 11·1–14·6) and for any psychosis was 4·1% (3·6–4·7). For diagnostic subcategories, we found that the prevalence of bipolar disorder was 1·7% (1·0–2·6) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders was 3·6% (1·3–7·1). Between-study heterogeneity was substantial for these estimates (<em>I</em>² 69–97%) with few explanations. However, subgroup analyses revealed that people in prison in low-income and middle-income countries had higher prevalences for depression (16·7% [95% CI 13·6–20·0]) than in high-income countries (10·8% [9·0–13·0]), and that, for people with psychosis who are incarcerated, psychiatrists were less likely to diagnose (3·5% [2·8–4·3]) than were non-psychiatrists (4·7% [3·9–5·5]).<h3>Interpretation</h3>Our study indicates that the prevalence of severe mental illness in people who are incarcerated worldwide is considerable. Meeting the treatment needs of people in prison who have mental ill health remains an ongoing challenge for public mental health. More evidence on how to improve the assessment, treatment, and linkage to services on release, which will require more research-friendly prison services, is now needed.<h3>Funding</h3>None.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer screening: putting people at the centre","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00016-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00016-7","url":null,"abstract":"Feb 4 marks <span><span>World Cancer Day</span><svg aria-label=\"Opens in new window\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"20\" viewbox=\"0 0 8 8\"><path d=\"M1.12949 2.1072V1H7V6.85795H5.89111V2.90281L0.784057 8L0 7.21635L5.11902 2.1072H1.12949Z\"></path></svg></span>—an opportunity to raise awareness about cancer and to reflect on the latest trends, challenges, and hopes. Acknowledging that cancer is not simply a medical diagnosis, but rather a unique personal story, the World Cancer Day campaign places people at the centre and calls for a people-centred approach to cancer.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"77 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections on the tobacco-free generation: methodological challenges and global implications","authors":"A Sathiya Susuman","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00005-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00005-2","url":null,"abstract":"The study by Julia Rey Brandariz and colleagues<span><span>¹</span></span> provides a novel approach to estimating the effect of a tobacco-elimination strategy on lung-cancer mortality by projecting outcomes for a cohort born between 2006 and 2010 across 185 countries. Although this simulation study offers promising results, with the potential to prevent more than 40% of deaths from lung cancer in the cohort, several issues require attention.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Public Health 2024; 9: e684–99","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00015-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(25)00015-5","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Macdonald C, Macpherson G, Leppan O, et al. Interventions to reduce harms related to drug use among people who experience incarceration: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Public Health 2024; <strong>9:</strong> e684–99—</em>In the Findings section of the Summary of this Article, the 95% CI in the second sentence should read “Therapeutic community interventions reduced re-arrest at 6–12 months (six studies; odds ratio [OR] 0·72; 95% CI 0·59–0·87) […]”. The same change to the 95% CI was made to the second sentence of the 17th paragraph of the Results section, to read “Overall, therapeutic communities were associated with a reduction in re-arrests at 6–12 months (OR 0·72, 0·59–0·87).” The appendix has also been updated. This correction has been made as of Feb 3, 2025.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143083454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}