Lancet Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Digital mental health: a potential opportunity to improve health equity in China","authors":"Hao Fong Sit, Wen Chen, Dan Wu, Yangmu Huang, Dong (Roman) Xu, Brian J Hall","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00249-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00249-4","url":null,"abstract":"Mental health is an important public health issue in China, compounded by a shortage in psychiatric services. Against this backdrop, digital technologies could offer solutions. Digital mental health interventions use technologies, such as smartphone applications, to improve mental health outcomes. Although there has been a drastic increase in mental health mobile apps available in recent years, current evidence-based digital interventions for mental health are scarce and seldom evaluated for effectiveness and implementation in China. In this Viewpoint, we review digital mental health interventions in China and propose a framework that could guide the development of culturally sensitive digital mental health innovations, with the adoption of co-creation and community engagement strategies. We also provide recommendations to address issues related to usage, interventions, and implementation to improve health equity and implementation of digital mental health interventions in the Chinese context.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142776443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All-cause and cause-specific mortality inequalities between people with and without disability: a nationwide data linkage study in Australia","authors":"Yi Yang, Peter Summers, Zoe Aitken, Anne Kavanagh, George Disney","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00266-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00266-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Background</h3>Without high-quality statistics on mortality inequalities, designing policies to improve the health of people with disability is challenging. We aim to quantify mortality inequalities experienced by people with disability in Australia.<h3>Methods</h3>In this nationwide, data linkage study we used Census mortality linked data (2011–20) to construct a cohort of Australians aged 0–74 years. Disability was measured as requiring assistance or supervision in core daily activities. We estimated age-standardised and age-specific mortality rates, and absolute and relative mortality inequalities between people with and without disability.<h3>Findings</h3>15 216 195 people were included in the study, comprising 7 763 047 females and 7 453 148 males. Of the participants, 258 109 (3·5%) males and 228 658 (2·9%) females reported disability, with 462 990 deaths occurring over 138 540 359 person-years of follow-up. Per 100 000 person-years, there were 2067 (95% CI 2043–2091) more deaths in males and 1697 (1677–1718) more deaths in females with disability (3·69 and 4·64 times higher, respectively) than those without disability. Cancer and cardiovascular disease had the highest absolute inequalities, with rate differences of 462 (95% CI 449–476) for males and 368 (356–379) for females for cancer, and 471 (95% CI 459–483) for males and 333 (324–342) for females for cardiovascular disease. Less common causes among people without disability—neurological conditions, chronic lung diseases, endocrine diseases, and digestive diseases—are relatively common among people with disability, translating to high relative mortality inequalities. The largest relative inequalities were from neurological conditions, with rate ratios of 9·66 (95% CI 9·31–10·02) for males and 11·61 (11·13–12·10) for females. Relative and absolute inequalities were also substantial for unintentional injury and for suicide mortality. Age-specific mortality was consistently higher in people with disability. The leading contributors to absolute inequalities shifted from neurological conditions in younger ages to cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic lung diseases in older ages.<h3>Interpretation</h3>People with disability experience large mortality inequalities. Identifying intervention-amenable factors contributing to these inequalities should be a priority. Targeted interventions and policy reforms to create a more inclusive social and health-care environment for people with disability might be necessary.<h3>Funding</h3>The University of Melbourne.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closing the mortality gap for people with disabilities","authors":"Hannah Kuper, Sara Rotenberg","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00274-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00274-3","url":null,"abstract":"There are about 1·3 billion people with disability globally, and their higher mortality rates mean that they are dying about 14 years earlier than people without disability.<span><span>1</span></span>, <span><span>2</span></span> In this issue of <em>The Lancet Public Health</em>, Yi Yang and colleagues’ study<span><span>³</span></span> adds to this literature. Using large-scale longitudinal data from 15 million Australians, they showed that people with disability have high inequalities—whether measured on an absolute or relative scale and across different causes of death. Overall, mortality rates were about 3·7-times higher for men with disability and about 4·6-times higher for women with disability than their non-disabled peers. This Article<span><span>³</span></span> adds to the growing, unequivocal evidence on the relationship between mortality and disability. It also highlights three key questions that need to be addressed before public health actors start to take this issue seriously.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142760267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Public Health 2024; 9: e295–305","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00297-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00297-4","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Tetzlaff F, Sauerberg M, Grigoriev P, et al. Age-specific and cause-specific mortality contributions to the socioeconomic gap in life expectancy in Germany, 2003–21: an ecological study.</em> Lancet Public Health <em>2024;</em> 9: <em>e295–305</em>—In figure 1 of this Article, sex data were plotted incorrectly. This correction has been made as of Nov 25, 2024.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142713192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of childhood obesity in China","authors":"Changzheng Yuan, Yanhui Dong, Hui Chen, Le Ma, Lihong Jia, Jiayou Luo, Qin Liu, Yifei Hu, Jun Ma, Yi Song","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00246-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00246-9","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past four decades, China has witnessed an important nutritional transition, characterised by a heightened overnutrition burden among children. The country now has the largest population of children with obesity globally. In this paper, we review the epidemiology of childhood obesity in China, its determinants, and risk factors, with a particular focus on school-aged children. Evidence unveils substantial variations across age, gender, and region. We describe multilevel obesogenic determinants, including macro-level social, cultural, and environmental factors; meso-level factors related to schools and communities; and micro-level factors tied to families and individuals from the perinatal-infant stage to childhood and adolescence. The primary drivers of childhood obesity appear to be rooted in the broader macro-level social, economic, and technological environment; obesogenic factors, which have affected school, community, and family environments; and accelerated unhealthy behaviour uptake. Identifying and characterising the catalysts behind the rise in childhood obesity in China is imperative for the development of scalable, effective, and tailored prevention, control, and intervention strategies.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity in China: what we know and what we can do","authors":"Xiong-Fei Pan, Zhong-Ze Fang","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00271-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00271-8","url":null,"abstract":"Overweight and obesity in children have emerged as a major public health challenge in China. National statistics show that the prevalence of overweight and obesity reached up to 10% in children younger than 6 years and 20% in those aged 6–17 years,<span><span>¹</span></span> which is projected to continue rising in the next few years.<span><span>²</span></span> In response to this public health imperative, 16 Chinese national agencies, including the National Health Commission and the Ministry of Civil Affairs, have collaboratively developed the Implementation Plan for the Weight Management Years Campaign to promote population-level weight control measures for 3 years commencing in 2024.<span><span>³</span></span> More recently, the National Health Commission also officially issued the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Obesity, for the first time, to advance standardised clinical management of obesity.<span><span>⁴</span></span> In alignment with these initiatives, a consortium of Chinese experts comprehensively assessed the epidemiology and determinants of childhood obesity, and critically evaluated potential interventions and policies for mitigating the challenge of obesity in this issue of <em>The Lancet Public Health</em>.<span><span>5</span></span>, <span><span>6</span></span>, <span><span>7</span></span> The timely review Series complements governmental strategic directives, and offers pragmatic insights and evidence-based recommendations to inform policy makers, health-care professionals, and multisectoral stakeholders in their concerted efforts for the prevention and control of childhood obesity in China. Although the work makes considerable contributions, several additional perspectives on childhood obesity warrant consideration.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes in China part 2: prevention, challenges, and progress","authors":"Yu Xu, Jieli Lu, Mian Li, Tiange Wang, Kan Wang, Qiuyu Cao, Yi Ding, Yu Xiang, Siyu Wang, Qianqian Yang, Xuan Zhao, Xiaoyun Zhang, Min Xu, Weiqing Wang, Yufang Bi, Guang Ning","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00251-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00251-2","url":null,"abstract":"During the past 40 years, the prevalence of diabetes in China has increased from less than 1·0% in 1980 to 12·4% in 2018, an increase in line with the rapid growth of the nation's economy. To address such a burden, the Healthy China 2030 initiative and subsequent Action Plan, including a diabetes prevention and control campaign, were launched. A shift from a disease-centred approach to a health-centred approach and from treatment to prevention is the core of the Action Plan and diabetes management in China. In this Review, we discuss the challenges of diabetes prevention in China, including unhealthy lifestyle, increasing young-onset type 2 diabetes, and substantial diabetes care disparities. To address such challenges, countermeasures across different stages of diabetes prevention and targeted at different populations, are needed. Such countermeasures include primordial prevention of risk factors in the general population, primary prevention of diabetes onset in high-risk populations, and secondary prevention of cardiovascular complications for individuals with diabetes. We reflect on China's current progress, strategies, and achievements.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of childhood obesity and implications for policy in China","authors":"Yanhui Dong, Changzheng Yuan, Jiajia Dang, Xinli Song, Guo Cheng, Yajun Chen, Haijun Wang, Jie Mi, Bo Xi, Yi Song","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00263-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00263-9","url":null,"abstract":"Prevention and control of childhood obesity in China is complex. Despite numerous existing policy endeavours, particularly Healthy China 2030, accompanied by multiministerial initiatives, childhood obesity persists and even exacerbates. In this paper, we review current national policies, assess progress of the existing system managing childhood weight, and identify implementation challenges. Leveraging insights from existing literature and guided by a PEDALS (ie, problem, evidence-based practice, determinants, actions, long term, and scalability) framework, we propose a strategy to refine and integrate current policies, interventions, and research into a policy framework, embedding evidence-based practices into practical solutions for childhood obesity prevention and control in China.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public health interventions against childhood obesity in China","authors":"Changzheng Yuan, Yanhui Dong, Hui Chen, Le Ma, Lihong Jia, Jiayou Luo, Qin Liu, Yifei Hu, Jun Ma, Yi Song","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00245-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00245-7","url":null,"abstract":"China is confronted with the challenge of increasing childhood obesity. Although interventions for childhood obesity have been developed, their effectiveness and implementation can vary considerably across nations. In this paper, we review and consolidate the evidence on childhood obesity intervention strategies aimed at multiple levels and components across life, in China. School-based interventions, primarily delivered with group-based dietary and physical education, have shown potential efficacy and can be enhanced by integrating food environment reform and family support. However, most interventional studies were done in eastern and urban areas of China, which highlights the need for attention in regions with insufficient health resources where policies and initiatives are less accessible. In addition, the sparse reporting on implementation design and delivery might hinder the scalability of potentially effective strategies. Amid rapid social and economic development over the past few decades, China faces unique challenges on urbanisation, physical inactivity, and nutritional transitions, necessitating an updated policy agenda for primary prevention of childhood obesity. Structural longitudinal evaluations of public initiatives led by the government and organisations along with inclusive and equitable interventions targeting children of different ages, urban–rural regions, and different ethnic and socioeconomic groups are warranted. Tackling childhood obesity in China needs a cohesive approach that integrates social, economic, cultural, and environmental strategies, combining school-based, family-based, and individual-based approaches, and concerted efforts from multiple sectors and entities within China.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes in China part 1: epidemiology and risk factors","authors":"Yu Xu, Jieli Lu, Mian Li, Tiange Wang, Kan Wang, Qiuyu Cao, Yi Ding, Yu Xiang, Siyu Wang, Qianqian Yang, Xuan Zhao, Xiaoyun Zhang, Min Xu, Weiqing Wang, Yufang Bi, Guang Ning","doi":"10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00250-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s2468-2667(24)00250-0","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of diabetes in China is rapidly increasing. China now has the largest number of people living with diabetes worldwide, accounting for approximately one-quarter of the global diabetes population. Since the late 1970s, China has experienced profound changes and rapid economic growth, leading to shifts in lifestyle. Changing dietary patterns, reduced physical activity, and stress have contributed to the growing prevalence of overweight and obesity, which are important determinants potentiating the link between insulin resistance and diabetes. Social and environmental factors, such as education, air pollution, and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, have also contributed to the growing diabetes epidemic in China. The country has one of the fastest ageing populations in the world, which forecasts continued increases in the prevalence of diabetes and its complications. This Review provides an overview of the ongoing diabetes epidemic and risk factors, providing evidence to support effective implementation of public health interventions to slow and prevent the diabetes epidemic in China.","PeriodicalId":56027,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Public Health","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":50.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142678616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}