Diversity-Basel最新文献_第5页

Bats of the Tunisian Desert: Preliminary Data Using Acoustic Identification and First Record of Taphozous nudiventris in the Country 突尼斯沙漠的蝙蝠:利用声学识别的初步数据和在该国首次记录的裸齿兽

3区生物学

Diversity-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.3390/d15111108

Ridha Dalhoumi, Ridha El Mokni, Ridha Ouni, Hamouda Beyrem, Stéphane Aulagnier

{"title":"Bats of the Tunisian Desert: Preliminary Data Using Acoustic Identification and First Record of Taphozous nudiventris in the Country","authors":"Ridha Dalhoumi, Ridha El Mokni, Ridha Ouni, Hamouda Beyrem, Stéphane Aulagnier","doi":"10.3390/d15111108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d15111108","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing aridity usually results in decreasing bat abundance and species richness, and the Saharan desert is an example of such impoverishment. Moreover, the harsh climatic and field conditions in this area restrict the feasibility of surveys. Therefore, the bat fauna of the Tunisian Sahara was unstudied until an expedition was conducted in May 2021. A total of seven species were recorded using passive bat detectors set mainly at water bodies, which concentrate bat activity. Echolocation calls of these species did not depart from published records for the Mediterranean area. Our data failed to identify the two ecomorphotypes of Pipistrellus kuhlii but confirmed the adaptability of this species to local conditions. For the first time in Tunisia, we recorded echolocation calls of Taphozous nudiventris, a species that has been rarely reported in North Africa. The highest species richness was identified at the largest wetlands of Oued Daghsen (Oued Dkouk Nature Reserve) and at Bordj el Khadra (only six and four species, respectively). Most Mediterranean species were recorded in the northern locality, while desert species were more active in the most southern one. The importance of water bodies for bats was confirmed once more. No sign of competition among species was detected, as the Mediterranean and desert-dwelling bat species were active at the same time. Additional surveys should be planned in order to enlarge the list of seven species recorded in only one week.","PeriodicalId":56006,"journal":{"name":"Diversity-Basel","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Jobe et al. Herbivory by Geese Inhibits Tidal Freshwater Wetland Restoration Success. Diversity 2022, 14, 278 更正:Jobe等人。鹅的食草性抑制了潮汐淡水湿地恢复的成功。生物多样性，2014,14,278

3区生物学

Diversity-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.3390/d15111111

Justus Jobe, Cairn Krafft, Mikaila Milton, Keryn Gedan

引用次数: 0

The Release and Spread of Basidiospores of Red-Listed Wood-Decay Fungus Fistulina hepatica in Oak Stands 红色木材腐烂真菌肝瘘菌在栎林中的担子孢子释放和传播

3区生物学

Diversity-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-25 DOI: 10.3390/d15111110

Adas Marčiulynas, Audrius Menkis

{"title":"The Release and Spread of Basidiospores of Red-Listed Wood-Decay Fungus Fistulina hepatica in Oak Stands","authors":"Adas Marčiulynas, Audrius Menkis","doi":"10.3390/d15111110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d15111110","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to obtain a better understanding on short-distance basidiospore dispersal of the wood-decay fungus Fistulina hepatica, thereby providing valuable knowledge for the conservation management of this protected species. Specifically, the study was expected to reveal site-specific patterns of basidiospore release and spread in oak stands during one fruiting season under north European conditions. The trapping of fungal spores was carried out between August and October 2022 using passive spore traps placed in three oak stands (>200-year-old) in central Lithuania. The average daily temperature was recorded throughout the period of spore trapping. Collected samples were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of fungal ITS2 rDNA. The results showed that the relative abundance of F. hepatica reads was influenced by the time of fruitbody maturation, but not by the average daily temperature. Although there was a certain variation among different study sites, the results showed that a great majority of F. hepatica spores were deposited within 50 m from the fruitbody, showing that the fungus to a large extent is dependent on local habitats for colonization.","PeriodicalId":56006,"journal":{"name":"Diversity-Basel","volume":"31 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135113790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential Hotspots of Hamadryas Baboon–Human Conflict in Al-Baha Region, Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯Al-Baha地区Hamadryas狒狒-人类冲突的潜在热点

3区生物学

Diversity-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.3390/d15111107

Ghanem Al-Ghamdi, Abdulaziz Alzahrani, Saleh Al-Ghamdi, Salihah Alghamdi, Abdullah Al-Ghamdi, Wael Alzahrani, Dietmar Zinner

{"title":"Potential Hotspots of Hamadryas Baboon–Human Conflict in Al-Baha Region, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Ghanem Al-Ghamdi, Abdulaziz Alzahrani, Saleh Al-Ghamdi, Salihah Alghamdi, Abdullah Al-Ghamdi, Wael Alzahrani, Dietmar Zinner","doi":"10.3390/d15111107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d15111107","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, conflicts between hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas) and the rapidly growing human population in the mountainous areas of Western, Southwestern, and Southern Saudi Arabia have accelerated. This conflict, historically occurring mainly between farmers and baboons, has now moved to the urbanized areas in the baboon range and is mainly caused by the common use of spatial and other resources by baboons and humans. The goal of this study was to describe the spatial distribution of baboon groups and to estimate the population size of baboons in the Al-Baha region. The results indicate that baboons are present in all administrative areas of the Al-Baha region with a concentration along the mountain chain running from northwest to southeast and the western part of the region. As expected, rubbish dumps constitute baboon hotspots due to the large amounts of human-derived food. However, the baboons also travel into towns for foraging. The prevention of baboon accessibility to human-derived food would be an important step to reduce causes of conflicts between humans and baboons.","PeriodicalId":56006,"journal":{"name":"Diversity-Basel","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135316268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Denticle Multiverse: Morphological Diversity of Placoid Scales across Ontogeny in the Portuguese Dogfish, Centroscymnus coelolepis, and Its Systematic Implications 葡萄牙角鲨(Centroscymnus coelolepis)在个体发育过程中Placoid鳞片的形态多样性及其系统意义

3区生物学

Diversity-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.3390/d15111105

Diego F. B. Vaz, Tess M. Avery, Molly K. Gabler-Smith, George V. Lauder

{"title":"The Denticle Multiverse: Morphological Diversity of Placoid Scales across Ontogeny in the Portuguese Dogfish, Centroscymnus coelolepis, and Its Systematic Implications","authors":"Diego F. B. Vaz, Tess M. Avery, Molly K. Gabler-Smith, George V. Lauder","doi":"10.3390/d15111105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d15111105","url":null,"abstract":"Centroscymnus coelolepis is a deep-water sleeper shark and, like most sharks, it is covered in placoid scales, or dermal denticles. The morphological diversity of the dermal denticles in this species, however, has not been described in detail, and ontogenetic changes in denticle morphology are poorly understood in sharks. Combining scanning-electron microscopy and micro-CT imaging, we demonstrate the presence of eleven dermal-denticle morphotypes across the ontogeny and different regions of the body of Centroscymnus coelolepis. The snout, interspiracular, and trunk/tail regions have similar changes in denticle morphotype during development. For example, on the trunks and tails of juveniles (~350 mm TL), denticle crowns have two to three longitudinal ridges and three posterior cusps that are gradually replaced by ridgeless and cuspless crowns in adults (>800 mm TL). Sixteen measurements were obtained from the 3D models generated. A principal component analysis demonstrated that the eleven distinct dermal-denticle morphotypes observed were located in different regions of the morphospace. The denticle volume and surface area showed negative allometry with respect to body length throughout the ontogeny. The results reflect the considerable diversity within the denticle multiverse (ontogenetic and intraspecific variations), and much of this diversity remains to be explored to fully understand the role of dermal denticles in shark taxonomy, ecology, and biomechanics.","PeriodicalId":56006,"journal":{"name":"Diversity-Basel","volume":"69 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135267893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fungal Diversity and Distribution in the Biodiversity Hotspots of the Western Himalayas 西喜马拉雅生物多样性热点地区真菌多样性及其分布

3区生物学

Diversity-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.3390/d15111106

Neelesh Yadav, Shrey Rakholia, Naseem Ali, Reuven Yosef

{"title":"Fungal Diversity and Distribution in the Biodiversity Hotspots of the Western Himalayas","authors":"Neelesh Yadav, Shrey Rakholia, Naseem Ali, Reuven Yosef","doi":"10.3390/d15111106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d15111106","url":null,"abstract":"The western Himalayan region is a biodiversity hotspot. Although much of the flora and fauna has been documented, there are very few studies on fungal diversity. We present the statistical analyses of the sample collections from the last 150 years of data in the fungarium of the Forest Research Institute. We found that the host tree species—pine, oak, deodar, and spruce, had very high Shannon diversity (SD) and species richness (SR), while Dalbergia and Rhododendron had moderate to low SD and SR values; although sal occurs at lower altitudes, it has high SD and SR values. Among fungal families, the highest SD and SR value was found in Polyporaceae. Hymenochaetaceae, Peniophoraceae, Coleosporiaceae, and Stereaceae also showed SD with moderate SR. Fomitopsidaceae, Cronartiaceae, Ganodermataceae, and Thelephoraceae have low biodiversity and species. Thelephoraceae are distributed above 2000 m altitude, and Ganodermataceae and Hymenochaetaceae have wider distribution ranges, namely, 0–3500 m and 0–5000 m, respectively. The Polyporaceae show diverse variations in species distribution and occur between 0 and 4500 m; Coleosporiaceae and Cronartiaceae around 2000 m; Stereaceae, Meruliaceae, Peniophoraceae, and Fomitopsidaceae occur between 1700 and 1800 m, with all Stereaceae and Fomitopsidaceae having different distribution ranges of up to 5000 m. We found that areas with relatively low rainfall had lower species richness, and vice versa, and that high solar radiation negatively affected fungal density and SR, as observed in the distribution of Thelephoraceae. While families with high SD and SR values such as Polyporaceae were found under relatively high rainfall, moderate solar radiation, and high temperatures. Similar studies need to be undertaken in other parts of the Himalayas and the importance of fungi in ethnobotany needs to be understood to ensure sustainable use.","PeriodicalId":56006,"journal":{"name":"Diversity-Basel","volume":"57 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135316397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in the Composition of Akkermansia Species and Families of Christensenellaceae and Ruminococcaceae Bacteria in the Gut Microbiota of Healthy Polish Women following a Typical Western Diet 典型西方饮食后健康波兰妇女肠道菌群中Akkermansia种、Christensenellaceae科和Ruminococcaceae科细菌组成的差异

3区生物学

Diversity-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.3390/d15101103

Barbara Zapała, Justyna Pustelnik, Alicja Dudek, Tomasz Milewicz

{"title":"Differences in the Composition of Akkermansia Species and Families of Christensenellaceae and Ruminococcaceae Bacteria in the Gut Microbiota of Healthy Polish Women following a Typical Western Diet","authors":"Barbara Zapała, Justyna Pustelnik, Alicja Dudek, Tomasz Milewicz","doi":"10.3390/d15101103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d15101103","url":null,"abstract":"The gastrointestinal microbiota consists of trillions of microorganisms that live symbiotically in the human body. The main factor influencing the formation of the gastrointestinal microbiota is lifestyle, particularly the diet of people from different geographic regions. As described in several reports, the gut microbiota composition of healthy adults can be stable for years. However, the relative abundance of each microbe fluctuates over time, and it varies between individuals and within individuals over the course of their lives depending on many factors such as diet and gender. The study aimed to define the basic profile of the oral and gut microbiota in healthy people of Polish ethnicity under the Western diet, showing the stability under one type of diet and dependence on gender. The study group included 144 healthy adults. The research materials were swabs and stool samples. The KomPAN questionnaire was used to examine eating habits. Bacterial 16S rRNA genes were sequenced using the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The respondents followed a typical Western diet. There were no statistically significant differences in alpha species diversity in the oral and gut microbiota between the female and male groups. Statistically significant differences were found in the beta diversity between gut microbiota composition in women and men (p < 0.048). The oral microbiota was dominated by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes dominated the gut microbiota. According to the received results, it was found that in healthy adults of Polish origin, there is a basic profile of the oral and gut microbiota ensuring good health condition.","PeriodicalId":56006,"journal":{"name":"Diversity-Basel","volume":"14 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135367155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A New Miniature Species of Arthroleptis (Anura: Arthroleptidae) from Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda † 卢旺达Nyungwe国家公园节肢动物一新种(无尾目:节肢动物科)

3区生物学

Diversity-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.3390/d15101104

J. Maximilian Dehling

引用次数: 0

Long-Term Stability of Harvest Mouse Population 收获鼠种群的长期稳定性

3区生物学

Diversity-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.3390/d15101102

Linas Balčiauskas, Laima Balčiauskienė

引用次数: 0

Bacterial Products and Their Effect on the Shrubby Legume Calicotome villosa (Poir.) Link 细菌产物及其对灌木豆科植物Calicotome villosa (Poir.)的影响链接

3区生物学

Diversity-Basel Pub Date : 2023-10-23 DOI: 10.3390/d15101101

María A. Pérez-Fernández, Irene Ariadna De-Lara-Del-Rey, Anathi Magadlela

{"title":"Bacterial Products and Their Effect on the Shrubby Legume Calicotome villosa (Poir.) Link","authors":"María A. Pérez-Fernández, Irene Ariadna De-Lara-Del-Rey, Anathi Magadlela","doi":"10.3390/d15101101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d15101101","url":null,"abstract":"Calicotome villosa is a eurioic legume with broad distribution in the south of Europe. It can grow in almost any type of soil as well as in humid and dry and nutrient-deficient ecosystems. The broad distribution and eurioic nature of C. villosa may be attributed to its ability to establish endophytic associations with plant-growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria housed in the nodules and rootlets. This study examined the legume–microbe interaction of C. villosa growing in two contrasting locations: a hilltop with high sun irradiance and drought, and a valley bottom with a low level of radiation and sufficient soil humidity for plant growth. Calicotome villosa adult plants established endophytic interactions with bacteria in six genera: Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Brevicacterium, and Rhizobium. Plants growing on the hilltop had associated lower bacterial richness than those grown on the valley bottom. All strains were drought-tolerant and produced siderophores, IAA, HCN, and NH3 that stimulated plant performance in C. villosa plants and the other four legumes commonly present in the understory of the shrub communities. The legumes’ capacity to selectively host symbiotic bacteria that enhance plant survival in harsh conditions partly accounts for the diverse partnerships between C. villosa plants and their symbionts, ultimately explaining the wide distribution of this plant species.","PeriodicalId":56006,"journal":{"name":"Diversity-Basel","volume":"22 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135367702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0