Agricultural Science and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Prediction of the breeding value of leaf lettuce mutant lines according to the correlation between the manifestation of qualitative and quantitative traits","authors":"S. I. Kondratenko, O. P. Samovol, S. M. Kormosh, I. M. Mytenko, O. V. Poznyak, L. V. Chaban","doi":"10.15407/agrisp10.02.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp10.02.046","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To establish the effect of mutagenic factors on the formation of qualitative traits, defining the phenotype of the leaf blade, and to investigate the correlation between the manifestation of these factors and the variation of quantitative traits of breeding value in mutant lines of leaf lettuce. Methods. Non-parametric statistical and criteria of difference for biological specimens, computational and analytical calculations, correlation analysis. Results. The comparative analysis was conducted on the qualitative characteristics of the original leaf blade form of leaf lettuce, Zhnych variety, alongside 14 mutant lines derived from it through the application of mutagenic agents, including dimethyl sulfate (DMS) and its derivatives (D3MU, DMU-10А, and DMU-9) in two varying concentrations. Notably, the derivatives of DMS exhibited superior mutagenic efficiency, leading to a four to fivefold increase in the number of mutant plant forms compared to the reference compound DMS. Among the derivatives, D3MU proved the most effective, generat- ing five mutant lines. In contrast, DMU-10A and DMU-9 yielded four mutant lines, while DMS produced only one mutant line. All mutant lines exhibited distinct variations from the initial form across 17 qualitative characteristics determining leaf blade phenotype. The analysis of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (rs) demonstrated weak to moderate correlation (rs = –0.08...0.62) between the original form and mutant lines. It was determined that three lettuce lines, namely B-7, B-22, and B-38, exhibited the most significant deviations from the initial form in term of leaf blade qualitative traits. Furthermore, it was established that non-parametric indicators of qualitative traits expression exhibited moderate or high correlation (rs = 0.57...0.74) with an essential quantitative trait – the duration from the emergence of mass shoots to plant stem development in mutant lines. Conclusions. The identified correlations between quantitative and qualitative traits provide the opportunity to predictably select mutant genotypes with extended growth period during the early stages of lettuce plant ontogenesis in future breeding work.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135715667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield and traits of leaves assimilation surface of winter wheat","authors":"G. O. Priadkina, N. M. Makharynska, D. V. Konovalov","doi":"10.15407/agrisp10.02.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp10.02.028","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To determine markers of drought tolerance based on the analysis of the traits leaves assimilation surface in 6 va- rieties of winter wheat with near drought tolerance under conditions of field drought in the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Traits of leaves assimilation surface was determined used field, morphometric, phenological and spectrophotometric methods. Results. Under conditions of field drought during the grain filling period the dry weight of flag leaf and of all green leaves of the main shoot of 2 high-yielding varieties (Kyivska 17 and Horodnytsia) at anthesis and milk ripeness were higher, than that of 4 others on average over 3 years. The specific weight of the flag leaves of the main shoot and chlorophyll content slightly differed in the studied varieties. The variability of the dry weight of flag leaf and of all green leaves of the main shoot of winter wheat varieties at anthesis and at milk ripeness was greater than the variability of their chlorophyll content it was found. A close correlation between the dry weight of flag leaf at anthesis and at milk ripeness, as well as all green leaves, with the yield (r = 0.658–0.837) was established. Conclutions. The higher yield of winter wheat varieties with a higher leaf dry weight under drought conditions may be due to the formation of a more amount of photoassimilates, which can be used both for root growth (water deficit avoidance strategy) and for the storage of reserved assimilates in the stem (strategy of create reserves for further filling of grain). The dry weight of flag leaf of the main shoot at anthesis can be used as a morphometric marker of drought tolerance, given the close correlation with the yield and the simplicity and convenience of determinations in the field.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":"74 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135715666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specificities of accumulation of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids of ω-3 and ω-6 families in the tissues of bulls after supplementing their diet with the sources of fatty acids and mineral elements","authors":"O. B. Diachenko, J. F. Rivis, G. V. Tesak, O. I. Stadnytska","doi":"10.15407/agrisp10.02.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp10.02.062","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To determine the intensity of growth of fattening bulls and the specificities of the accumulation of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids from the ω-3 and ω-6 families in their tissues after supplementing their diet with the sources of essential fatty acids and copper sulfate to increase their meat productivity and improve the biological value of beef. Methods. The study was conducted using the methodological approaches, common for international practice in accordance with the requirements of ISO 17025, and using the conventional methods of peer groups involving clinically healthy animals. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families was determined by gas chro- matography using the Chrom-5 device. Copper content was determined by the method of atomic absorption spectro- photometry using the Selmi C-115 M1 device. Results. It was found that the introduction of linseed oil (as a source of α-linolenic acid, which is a precursor of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 family) and sunflower oil (as a source of linoleic acid, which is a precursor of polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-6 family), the synthetic substance doxane (as an inhibitor of biohydrogenation processes in unsaturated fatty acids in the rumen) and pentahydrate copper sulfate (as a source of copper) to the diet of young fattening cattle caused a probable increase in the content of biologically active polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 family and copper in their liver and skeletal muscles. At the same time, the increase in the content of biologically active polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-3 and ω-6 families and copper in the abovementioned tissues due to the stimulation of metabolic processes in the body contributed to a probable increase in the average daily weight gain of young fattening animals. Thus, there was a direct relationship between the content of α-linolenic and linoleic acids and copper in the diet and their content in the tissues of experimental animals, productivity characteristics, and biological value of beef. Conclusions. The introduction of a mixture of linseed and sunflower oils into the diet of fattening bulls led to an increase in the content of α-linolenic and linoleic acids and a 1.7-fold decrease in the ratio between essential polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-6 family and that of the ω-3 family. The increase in the content of copper and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids of the ω-6 and ω-3 families in the diet of fattening bulls led to their accumulation in the liver and skeletal muscles, which contributed to the enhanced biological value of beef.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":"74 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135715665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inheriting the resistance of sunflower to tribenuron methyl under insufficient humidification in the southern Steppe of Ukraine","authors":"A. S. Ilchenko, B. F. Varenyk, N. P. Lamary, S. I. Karapira","doi":"10.15407/agrisp10.02.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp10.02.038","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. This study aimed to investigate the inheritance of resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides in sunflower under conditions of insufficient humidification in the southern Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Isolation, castration, hybridization, herbicide application (Granstar Pro 75 % w.g., containing tribenuron methyl as the active substance (a.s.)), evaluation of herbicide resistance, and statistical analysis of the acquired data. Results. The investigation into the inheritance of resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides involved the utilization of both resistant (SURES-1, OS 1099 V, OS 2017 V) and non-resistant (Od 1002 B, Od 1318 V, OS 1295 V) sunflower genotypes. Through crossing, four F1 hybrid combinations were generated, namely OS 2017 V × OS 1099 V, SURES-1 × Od 1002 B, SURES-1 × Od 1318 V, and Od 1318 V x OS 1295 V. Subsequent treatment of F1 plants with the herbicide Granstar Pro 75 % w.g. revealed that three combinations (OS 2017 V × OS 1099 V, SURES-1 × Od 1002 B, SURES-1 × Od 1318 V) exhibited complete resistance to the herbicide. In the second generation, following herbicide treatment, the hybrid combinations SURES-1 × Od 1002 B and SURES-1 × Od 1318 V displayed segregation into resistant and non-resistant plants. Conversely, the plants in the combination OS 2017 V × OS 1099 V maintained complete resistance to the herbicidal effects. Conclusions. The investigation, conducted in the challenging climatic conditions of the southern Steppe of Ukraine, demonstrated complete resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides in three hybrid combinations of both F1 and F2 generations. Notably, the combination OS 2017 V × OS 1099 V exhibited uniform resistance throughout the second generation, devoid of segregation. Moreover, the results of F2 segregation analysis in the SURES-1 × Od 1002 B and SURES-1 × Od 1318 V populations indicated that resistance to tribenuron methyl is primarily governed by the presence of a dominant gene allele. These findings offer valuable insights for the development of sunflower hybrids with enhanced herbicide resistance, particularly in regions with adverse climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":"77 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135715621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield shortfall of cereals in Ukraine caused by the change in air temperature and precipitation amount","authors":"V. Balabukh","doi":"10.15407/agrisp10.01.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp10.01.031","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To determine the trends in precipitation patterns, the precipitation productivity, and the cumulative impact of\u0000the change in air temperature and precipitation levels on cereal yield, including corn and spring barley, throughout the\u0000vegetation cycle stages. Furthermore, the examination of the alterations in the climate suitability, crop yield shortfall,\u0000and their specific characteristics within in the soil-climatic zones of Ukraine during 1981–2010 years Methods. In\u0000order to accomplish the outlined aims conventional and more specific research methods were used: 1) An analytical-\u0000synthetic approach – to examine the existing state-of-the art research; 2) A statistical approach – to assess the intensity\u0000and significance of changes in agroclimatic conditions pertaining to crop cultivation; 3) A comparative analysis – to\u0000determine the specificities mentioned under 2) in soil-climatic zones of Ukraine and in different stages of plant development; 4) A climatic approach – to characterize precipitation levels and to evaluate their impact on crop productivity;\u00005) modelling – to assess the effect of changes in precipitation amounts on the productivity of corn and spring barley,\u0000to assess the cumulative impact of the variations in surface temperature and precipitation on climate productivity\u0000and yield shortfall of these crops; 6) application of abstract and logical method – to formulate the generalizations\u0000and draw conclusions based on the findings. Results. During the years 1981–2010, Ukraine experienced changes in\u0000precipitation patterns and increased air temperature throughout the vegetation cycle of corn and spring barley in different soil-climatic zones. These changes had implications for climate suitability and crop productivity. In the Polis-\u0000sia region, although there were increases in precipitation during most of the crops` growth cycle, the changes were\u0000insignificant and had a minimal impact on crop productivity, except during certain periods. Similarly, the cumulative\u0000coefficient of temperature and precipitation productivity showed low probability for changes in climate suitability and\u0000yield shortfalls in the entire Polissia region, maintaining avorable cultivation conditions for corn and spring barley.\u0000In the Forest-Steppe region, precipitation changes varied. There was an increase in the amount of precipitation in the\u0000western Forest-Steppe. The speed of these changes was 10–20 % in 10 years in certain areas, leading to decreased corn\u0000and spring barley productivity by 3–6 % over the same duration. The central Forest-Steppe witnessed increases and\u0000decreases in precipitation levels during specific crop development stages, negatively impacting productivity. The eastern Forest-Steppe had increased precipitation deficits during the vegetation cycle, resulting in reduced productivity.\u0000Overall, the changes in precipitation and the increased air temperature had unfavorable effects on field crop cultivation\u0000in the Forest-Steppe, particularly in the c","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49523711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoration of the morphofunctional state of rats lungs with experimental fibrosis through transplanted stem cells","authors":"A. Mazurkevych, Y. Surtaieva","doi":"10.15407/agrisp10.01.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp10.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To investigate the therapeutic effect of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from bone marrow on the restoration experimentally damaged lung tissue in rats with induced pulmonary fibrosis. Methods. Female Wistar rats were utilized in the study. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced experimentally in the animals by administering bleomycin hydrochloride via transthoracic injection during a 45-day preparatory period. At the end of this period, all animals exhibited clinically manifested symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis. To assess the changes in the organism due to pulmonary fibrosis, blood samples, bronchoalveolar lavage samples, and lung tissue were randomly collected from five affected animals. The remaining animals were divided into four experimental groups, each consisting of five animals. In the first experimental group, allogeneic MSC were administered intrathoracically. In the second experimental group, allogeneic MSC were administered intravenously. The third experimental group received conventional treatment using medication, while the fourth experimental group (control) received placebo intrathoracically, without any active agents. Additionally, a separate fifth experimental group comprised intact (healthy) animals. The stem cells used in the experiments were obtained from the bone marrow samples of young, clinically healthy donor rats’ tibia, humerus, or femur (Mazurkevych et al, 2014). Throughout the 45-day experiment, the animals in all experimental groups were monitored using clinical examination indices. At the end of the testing period, the animals were eutha- nized, and blood, bronchoalveolar lavage, and lung tissue samples were collected for laboratory analyses. The analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage involved microscopic examination of the collected fluid to determine cell composition, while hematological analysis encompassed the quantification of erythrocyte and leukocyte counts. Histological examination of lung tissue samples involved microscopic analysis of the lung tissue histostructure. Results. Following the implementation of the proposed treatment methods, it was observed on day 45 of the experiment that transplanted allogeneic MSC facilitated an increased activity in the restoration of pathologically altered lung parenchyma. The effectiveness of this process varied depending on the method of MSC application. Notably, animals in the first experimental group exhibited the absence of symptoms such as coughing and hypoxia by day 45. Furthermore, a significant decrease was observed in the indices of erythrocyte count to 7.18 ± 0.05 t/l (р < 0.001) and total leukocyte count to 10.6 ± 0.92 g/l (р < 0.05). Histological analysis revealed a complete restoration of lung tissue structure, reaching 90 % when compared to the control group. In the second experimental group, a significant decrease was noted in the total leukocyte count to 11.32 ± 0.48 g/l (р < 0.01) and erythrocyte count to 6.87 ± 0.18 t/l (р <","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45578067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relation between mutualistic mycorrhiza and endophytic plant-fungus associations and their effect on host plants","authors":"A. Kyslynska, O. Nadkernychna, Y. Kopylov, H. Tsekhmister","doi":"10.15407/agrisp10.01.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp10.01.054","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. A review of the literature to establish the mechanisms of the main mutualistic interactions that are important for\u0000the potential application of symbiotic fungi as biofertilizers, bioprotectors and bioregulators for more sustainable and\u0000so-called greening agriculture, soil restoration and understanding the role of microsymbionts in natural ecosystems.\u0000Methods. Comparative analysis of scientific literature. Results. Root mycorrhization is a potent factor of plant growth\u0000intensification, metabolic processes activation and macro-organism development improvement. Mycorrhiza formation\u0000is notable for angiosperms and gymnosperms, yet many representatives of bryophytes, ferns, and mosses also reveal\u0000(other) close symbiotic relations with fungi. Mycorrhizal fungi account for about 10 % of identified fungal species,\u0000including essentially all of the Glomeromycota and substantial fractions of the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. De-\u0000pending on the fungal structures and microsymbiont position in tissues or cells of the macrosymbiont, arbuscular,\u0000ericoid, arbutoid, monotropoid, orchid mycorrhiza and so-called ectendomycorrhiza, and ectomycorrhiza are distinguished. This review gives an overview of the signalling interaction between partners and the bidirectional mechanism\u0000of nutrient exchange or other mutual benefits. Conclusions. Microscopic saprophytic fungi, capable of penetrating\u0000plant roots and playing a critical role in plant adaptation to abiotic and biotic stressors, are of special interest in mutualistic symbioses. In addition, while forming mutualistic symbioses with plants, the saprophytic fungi promote bio-\u0000mass increase and enhance the food traits of plants. The type of interaction depends on both micro- and macrosymbiot;\u0000it may in some cases and for some organisms fluctuate from mutualistic, commensalistic to antagonistic, even parasitic\u0000interactions, demonstrating different stages of mutualism evolution and co-habitation and/or evolution of plants and\u0000fungi. A better understanding of the diverse roles of symbiotic microorganisms in ecosystems will improve the ways\u0000of their application in agriculture.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49568721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compensatory growth and piglets weight variability within the litter as breeding criteria for ukrainian meat pig breed performance","authors":"V. Pelykh, M. V. Levchenko, S. Ushakova, N. Pelykh, P. Vashchenko","doi":"10.15407/agrisp10.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp10.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To determine the factors, affecting compensatory growth and performance of the Ukrainian meat (UM) pig breed.\u0000To analyze the impact of selection traits on the live weight of pigs during different age periods, using several growth and\u0000development indices. To determine compensatory growth by two groups of piglets (based on their individual weight,\u0000which was above the average mean piglet weight in the litter (M+) or with a weight which was below average mean piglet\u0000weight in the litter (M–), in relation to the average daily gain, ADG), in order to use these factors in a specific breeding\u0000program. Methods. Uniform microclimate conditions to rear experimental piglets were maintained using Eletor SC-12\u0000(Poland) equipment. When selecting animals for research groups, physiological conditions were determined (by direct\u0000observation), age (according to primary zootechnical records), and live weight weighing on electronic scales (Axis\u0000(Ukraine) with a measurement accuracy of 0.02 Kg. The basis of our research was the live weight of pigs of Ukrainian\u0000meat breed, n = 381 animals. First two groups of piglets were formed (M+; M–) n = 143(М+); n = 158(М–); based on\u0000their individual weight, which was above the average mean piglet weight in the litter (M+) or with a weight which was\u0000below average mean piglet weight in the litter (M–). Furthermore, two groups were later formed based on presence or\u0000absence of compensatory growth (M++, M+–, M–+ and M– –) n = 66(M++), n = 77(M+–), n = 68(M–+) and n = 90 (M– –).\u0000Results. The group M++ at the stage of rearing, at the age of 2–6 months, exhibited superior average daily gains by 22.2 %\u0000(P < 0.001) during the period from 2 to 4 months and by 8.8 % (P < 0.01) during the period from 4 to 6 months as compared\u0000to the other groups. An ANOVA analysis showed that the changes in weight gain of compensatory growth from 60 to\u0000120 days affects the live weight of pigs at the age of 3–8 months (P < 0.001). The variability of piglet mean live weight\u0000in a litter at 60 days influenced the live weight of pigs at the age of 3–7 months (P < 0.001) and at the age of 8 months\u0000(P < 0.05), while the interaction between these two factors affects the live weight of piglets at the age of 3–5 months\u0000(P < 0.001) and 6 months (P < 0.05). Conclusions. New data have been obtained regarding the impact of piglet weight\u0000above or below the average mean piglet weight in the litter and the degree of compensatory growth in Ukrainian meat\u0000breed pigs on their average daily gains. Animals from group M–+ at 60 days of age, in the presence of compensatory\u0000growth, still outperformed their counterparts from group M+– at 60 days of age by 22.2 % (P < 0.001) during the period\u0000from 2 to 4 months and by 8.8 % (P < 0.01) during the period from 4 to 6 months, when not exhibiting compensatory\u0000growth. The influence of the aforementioned factors was also determined on the growth rate from 2 to 6 months, with\u0000the growth rate index in the M++ group being 1.81 times higher t","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49139644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromosomal aberrations in Ukrainian red-spotted dairy breed cows when using different breeding methods","authors":"V. Dzitsiuk, Kh. T. Bratytsia","doi":"10.15407/agrisp10.01.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp10.01.024","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The aim of this study was a comparative analysis of karyotypes of purebred, inbred, and crossbred cows of the\u0000Ukrainian red-spotted dairy breed in order to detect their degree of chromosomal aberrations. Methods. The cyto-\u0000genetic study involved 156 cows of the Ukrainian red-spotted dairy breed from two research farms of M.V. Zubets\u0000Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, the NAAS. Cultures of peripheral lymphocytes, stimulated with phytohemagglutinin (PHA, Difco, USA) were used according to the method of Moorhead et al. (1960). The chromosomal\u0000preparations were stained with 2 % Giemsa solution (Giemsa, Merk) and analyzed under an Axiostar plus (Carl Zeiss,\u0000Germany) light microscope at 1,000 times magnification. Metaphase slides were photographed with a digital camera\u0000Olympus D-460 ZOOM. The biometric processing of the study results was conducted by ANOVA using Microsoft Excel 2010. Results. Genomic mutations (aneuploidy and polyploidy) and structural aberrations of chromosomes were\u0000found in the karyotypes of the investigated purebred, inbred, and crossbred cows. The total share of aberrant cells varied from 11.4 ± 0.39 % in purebred, 11.8 ± 0.40 % in inbred to 17.30 ± 0.85 % in crossbred cows. In two animals the\u0000Robertson translocation, rob (1 : 29) was found. A statistically significant difference between purebred, inbred, and\u0000crossbred animals was found regarding cells with aneuploidy and structural chromosomal aberrations. Conclusions.\u0000The karyological analysis yielded data showing changes in genetic structure that can have an influence on fertility and\u0000production in different breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49289682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and morphometric characteristics of fresh and cryopreserved spermatozoa of saanen bucks","authors":"A. Bogdaniuk, M. Petrushko","doi":"10.15407/agrisp9.03.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/agrisp9.03.029","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Cryopreservation of spermatozoa with the best morphofunctional characteristics may allow their use\u0000for assisted reproductive technologies in goat breeding throughout the year to effectively increase livestock. Aim. To\u0000evaluate the influence of seasons on morphological and morphometric characteristics of fresh and cryopreserved goat\u0000sperm. Methods. The ejaculate samples of three sexually mature bucks of the Saanen breed were obtained during the\u0000breeding and non-breeding seasons. To assess the morphological characteristics, the smears of sperm were stained\u0000and then visualized under a light microscope with a magnification of ×1,000. For morphometric measurements, sperm\u0000micrographs were taken and analyzed using the ImageJ software. The cryopreservation of sperm was performed in a\u0000medium with 10 % glycerol and 20 % egg yolk. The samples were thawed in a water bath, then the morphological and\u0000morphometric characteristics of the cells were evaluated. Results. After the cryopreservation, the number of sperm\u0000with abnormal morphological structures was significantly higher compared to fresh sperm, both in the breeding and\u0000non-breeding seasons (p ≤ 0.05). After the cryopreservation, the length and width of the head decreased significantly\u0000(p ≤ 0.05) compared to the corresponding sperm sizes before the cryopreservation. Analyzing the morphological char-\u0000acteristics of the tail part, we revealed the fact of its reduction after the cryopreservation, probably due to twisting,\u0000loop formation, and detachment of its part. Conclusions. It was found that in the non-breeding season, the number of\u0000spermatozoa with damaged morphological structures increases, compared to the breeding season, which must be taken\u0000into account when using reproductive technologies. The morphological and morphometric characteristics of Saanen\u0000buck spermatozoa change after the cryopreservation, regardless of the season, which indicates the need to choose the\u0000fertilization tactics that will ensure the selection of spermatozoa without any morphological abnormalities.","PeriodicalId":55933,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Science and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47427320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}