Agriculture and Food Security最新文献

{"title":"What Kigali's open-air markets reveal about achieving food and nutrition security: the role of African indigenous crops.","authors":"Eugene Baraka,&nbsp;Mary S Willis,&nbsp;Brice A Ishimwe","doi":"10.1186/s40066-022-00359-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-022-00359-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Household dietary diversity in Rwanda remains low and significantly contributes to the double burden of malnutrition. Rwanda has one of the highest under five stunting rates globally, and malnutrition remains one of the most pressing public health issues; therefore, factors that shape food and nutrition security are of utmost concern. Globally, the variety of foods available in open-air markets has been shown to affect dietary diversity. Furthermore, the consumption of indigenous foods can contribute to a diverse diet and improve nutrition status. At present, there are limited data on foods available for purchase in open-air markets in Africa. Therefore, this study was designed to provide data on food availability in the largest open-air markets of Rwanda's most populated city, Kigali, and to highlight which foods indigenous to Africa can be purchased.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All consumables were inventoried between October and December of 2020 in three open-air markets of Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda. Consumables were organized by the site of domestication and the nutritional contents of some African indigenous crops were compared to similar non-indigenous items.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A variety of raw and processed consumables was available in the open-air markets inventoried; however, only 25.8% of available species are indigenous to Africa. All Rwanda's staples, including sweet potatoes, plantains, beans, maize, banana, and cassava, are endemic to other continents. Indigenous plant species, which are often drought-resistant and more nutritious, for example, Africa's pineapple fruits (<i>Myrianthus holstii</i>), could not be purchased in Kigali's open-air markets. Pineapple fruits are richer in iron, vitamin C, protein, and vitamin A than banana, which is the most consumed fruit in Rwanda.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given rapid population growth, limited arable land, and erratic climate patterns, policies to conserve and promote indigenous species, especially those already adapted to harsh environmental conditions, should be enacted in Rwanda. The cultivation of native vegetables and fruits in home gardens, and the conservation of edible wild species, can improve dietary diversity and enhance food and nutrition security across the entire country.</p>","PeriodicalId":55858,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Food Security","volume":" ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8852854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39820998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fruitful exchanges: social networks and food resources amidst change.","authors":"Sam Schramski, Ana Carolina Barbosa de Lima","doi":"10.1186/s40066-021-00342-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40066-021-00342-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Amazon region of Brazil is known both for its significant biological and cultural diversity. It is also a region, like many parts of the country, marked by food insecurity, even amongst its rural agricultural populations. In a novel approach, this paper addresses the networks of exchanges of local food and their relationship to the agrobiodiversity of traditional riverine peoples' (<i>ribeirinho</i>) households in the Central Amazon. Methodologically, it involves mapping the social networks and affinities between households, inventories of known species, and, finally, statistical tests of the relationships between network and subsequent agrobiodiversity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The diversity per area of each land type where food cultivation or management takes place shows how home gardens, fields and orchards are areas of higher diversity and intense cultivation compared to fallow areas. Our findings, however, indicate that a household's income does appear to be strongly associated with the total agrobiodiversity across cultivation areas. In addition, a household's agrobiodiversity is significantly associated with the frequency and intensity of food exchanges between households.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Agrobiodiversity cannot be considered separate from the breadth of activities focused on sustenance and yields from the cash economy, which riverine people engage in daily. It seems to be connected to quotidian social interactions and exchanges in both predictable and occasionally subtler ways. Those brokers who serve as prominent actors in rural communities may not always be the most productive or in possession of the largest landholdings, although in some cases they are. Their proclivity for cultivating and harvesting a wide diversity of produce may be equally important if not more so.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40066-021-00342-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":55858,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Food Security","volume":" ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8853342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39820997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the drivers of food security among agriculture-based households in Gurué District, Central Mozambique.","authors":"Custodio Matavel, Harry Hoffmann, Constance Rybak, Jonathan Steinke, Stefan Sieber, Klaus Müller","doi":"10.1186/s40066-021-00344-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40066-021-00344-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of food insecurity in Mozambique is alarming, despite progress made during the 2010s. Several studies apply different proxy indicators of food security (FS) to assess the FS situation. However, these studies overlook the factors affecting FS, using only a single data point that results in an incomplete picture of FS. Food security is expected to fluctuate, being better and worse than what studies suggest. Using a sample of 296 households to assess FS, key drivers conditioning households' capacity to achieve FS in Gurué District, Central Mozambique, are identified. Data were collected in the pre-harvest period and during the harvest period to capture relevant interseasonal variation of FS. Household FS is assessed using three standard indicators: Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS), Household Food Consumption Score (HFCS), and Months of Adequate Household Food Provisioning (MAHFP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each household was classified into a specific FS status depending on the indicator applied. Generally, most households were classified as being severely or moderately food insecure during the pre-harvest season, while during the harvest season, medium and high levels of FS predominated. Nevertheless, varying outcomes were found depending on the indicator used to assess FS. MAHFP and HDDS are more related to the consumption of farm-sourced food, while HFCS responds more strongly to purchased food. Gender and age of the household head, geographic location, size and quality of land, staples production (especially cassava), livestock and crop diversity, as well as cash crops had a statistically significant effect on FS indicators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study concludes that the decision whether farmers should rely on staple foods production for increasing their FS status or specialize on cash crops production to generate income and buy food depends on the indicator used to assess FS, since each indicator captures a specific domain of food security. Thus, one central recommendation derived from our results is that policy makers should promote a balance between market-oriented agriculture and subsistence production to achieve FS.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40066-021-00344-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":55858,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Food Security","volume":" ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8807014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39771150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Village chicken production and food security: a two-decade bibliometric analysis of global research trends.","authors":"Emrobowansan Monday Idamokoro,&nbsp;Yiseyon Sunday Hosu","doi":"10.1186/s40066-022-00379-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-022-00379-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study aimed to reveal outputs of research works on village chicken production as a tool to combat food insecurity, taking into account the recurring challenge posed by food shortage and high rise in hunger among vulnerable people of several countries.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On aggregate, 104 publications were obtained in a BibTeX design for analysis using bibliometric package in R studio. The obtained data comprised, but not limited to authors, citations, institutions, key words and journals. Published articles on village chicken production with relation to food security retrieved from web of science (WOS) and Scopus data banks were utilized with a rise in research publications of a yearly growth of 12.93% during the study period. With regard to country, USA was ranked first with an aggregate sum of publications (<i>n</i> = 16), and a huge global academic influence with most top article citations (<i>n</i> = 509). The frequently used authors' keywords in this studied research area were food security (<i>n</i> = 23), poultry (<i>n</i> = 9), chickens (<i>n</i> = 7), backyard poultry (<i>n</i> = 5), gender (<i>n</i> = 4), which all together created a hint on related studies on village chicken production and food security.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study provides a worldwide situation that traverse the intellectual quandary on village chicken production and food security research, and a direction for further researches in this field. It is very vital to emphasize that the current study only dealt with principal areas of village chicken production as related to food security research, hence, it is projected that new empirical research and prospective research findings would afford new knowledge and insight on village chicken production as a means to address food security challenges as new studies evolves.</p>","PeriodicalId":55858,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Food Security","volume":" ","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9344447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40594169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of technical efficiency of some rain-fed cereal and legume crops production in Syria: does crisis matter?","authors":"Naji AlFraj,&nbsp;Alaa Hamo","doi":"10.1186/s40066-022-00389-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-022-00389-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Syria is a developing country whose economy is still dominated by the agricultural sector. The agricultural sector is considered as the main source of food in Syria and a major source of employment and income generation. Food and agricultural policies in Syria focus heavily on achieving food security and improving its four pillars (availability, accessibility, stability and utilization). As a result, until 2011, a good progress has been attained in food availability. The food security situation deteriorated in Syria after 2011 crisis, with the number of people facing acute food insecurity rising from 7.9 million in 2020 to a staggering 12.4 million in 2021. This is the result of many shocks that the agricultural sector has been exposed to, such as the relative decrease in cultivated areas, high costs of production, reduced input availability including labour, prevailing violence, related damage to farm equipment, and abandoned land. In view of the changes that the agricultural sector has been exposed to in Syria as a result of the crisis, the study concerns measuring the technical efficiency of production of some rain-fed cereal and legume crops in Syria and comparing it in the pre and post-crisis period, which has started in 2011. A non-parametric (DEA) method is applied for measuring technical efficiency during the time period 2003-2010 (pre-crisis) and the period 2011-2018 (post-crisis) with censored regression (the tobit model) to investigate the determinants of technical efficiency. A <i>t</i> test is used to test the null hypothesis (H₀) that there was no difference in technical efficiency of the production of studied crops before and after the crisis in Syria and the alternative hypothesis (H_a) that there was a significant difference in technical efficiency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings show low level of technical efficiency in the post-crisis period. The results verified differences in the technical efficiency of pre- and post-crisis period. The use of censored regression with dummy for crisis has shown negative and significant effect on technical efficiency of each of the durum wheat and lentil crops, while it had no significant effect on the other studied crops.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study can provide important information to the government to pursue a new policy for recovery and improving the agricultural production and productivity. There is an urgent need to adopt new policies that focus on providing production requirements in the form of low-interest loans, sustainable use of resources, providing support for the marketing process, and focusing on the export markets of some study crops (chickpeas and lentils). Government should improve agricultural extension services for farmers and encouraging them to adopt new technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55858,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Food Security","volume":" ","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9525224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33517694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agro-morphological traits-based genetic diversity assessment in Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landrace collections from Bale highlands, Southeast Ethiopia","authors":"Fekadu Gadissa, Meskerem Abebe, T. Bekele","doi":"10.1186/s40066-021-00335-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-021-00335-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55858,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Food Security","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47828814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial prediction of soil acidity and nutrients for site-specific soil management in Bedele district, Southwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Gedefa Sori, B. Iticha, C. Takele","doi":"10.1186/s40066-021-00334-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-021-00334-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55858,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Food Security","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48528011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of climate change on food innovation technology: review on topical developments and legal framework","authors":"K. Ukhurebor, P. Aidonojie","doi":"10.1186/s40066-021-00327-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-021-00327-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55858,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Food Security","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43718277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancement and practical applications of rhizobacterial biofertilizers for sustainable crop production in sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"B. N. Aloo, E. Mbega, J. Tumuhairwe, B. Makumba","doi":"10.1186/s40066-021-00333-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-021-00333-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55858,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Food Security","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46476217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and temporal genetic variation in Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces as revealed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers","authors":"A. A. Dido, D. Degefu, Ermias Assefa, M. Krishna, B. Singh, K. Tesfaye","doi":"10.1186/s40066-021-00336-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-021-00336-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55858,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture and Food Security","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42498712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}