{"title":"Evaluation of Smart Piezoelectric Composite Material-Based Active Vibration Cancellation (AVC) System Performance For Highway Driving Vibration of Vehicle Interior Using Time–Frequency Wavelet Transform","authors":"SangUn Kim, Jooyong Kim","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00867-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00867-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents the development and evaluation of an Active Vibration Cancellation (AVC) system utilizing smart piezoelectric composite materials, specifically Macro Fiber Composites (MFC), to mitigate vehicle interior vibrations during highway driving. The AVC system generates out-of-phase vibrations to counteract the predominant z-axis vibrations experienced during high-speed driving. The system was tested through simulated vibration experiments at 80 km/h and 100 km/h, with data analyzed using time–frequency continuous Wavelet transform (CWT), fourier transform (FT), and time series analysis. The results showed a significant cancellation in vibration magnitudes, particularly in the 10 Hz and 30–50 Hz frequency ranges, canceling the vibrations to 17.91% of their initial magnitude. The analytic morse wavelet(AMW), one of the CWT analysis further confirmed the system's ability to attenuate vibrations across various frequency ranges, demonstrating its potential as a solution for enhancing passenger comfort and reducing motion sickness in autonomous and future vehicles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 4","pages":"1793 - 1801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Graphene/Ecoflex Reinforced Fabric (GERF) Capacitive Pressure Sensor by Increasing Dielectric and Mechanical Properties for Wide Sensing Range","authors":"Seungah Yang, SangUn Kim, Jooyong Kim","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00883-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00883-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we constructed an Ecoflex reinforced fabric capacitive pressure sensor (ERF sensor) with the objective of extending the pressure measurement range. This was achieved by employing warp knitted spacer fabric (WKSF) and Ecoflex. Furthermore, a Graphene/Ecoflex reinforced fabric capacitive pressure sensor (GERF sensor) was produced with an adjusted sensitivity using graphene. Subsequently, the performance of the fabricated sensors was evaluated utilizing a universal testing machine (UTM) and dielectric test fixture (DTF). The 15wt% GERF sensor can measure a maximum pressure range of 368.37 kPa, which is approximately 6 times and 13 times greater than those of Ecoflex and WKSF monomaterial sensors, respectively. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the GERF sensor with 15wt% graphene was 0.0194 kPa<sup>−1</sup>, maintaining a level similar to that of the Ecoflex single-material sensor (0.0218 kPa<sup>−1</sup>). This study presents a method for enhancing mechanical properties and expanding the pressure measurement range through compounding monomaterial, while adjusting sensitivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 4","pages":"1803 - 1814"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Cotton Fabric Flame Retardancy with Eco-Friendly Graphene Oxide and PCM Microcapsules","authors":"M. Parsamanesh, S. Shekarriz, M. Montazer","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00888-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00888-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The flammability of cotton fabric presents notable safety hazards, underscoring the importance of effective flame-retardant treatments. This research investigates an eco-friendly method to improve the flame resistance of cotton fabric using a combination of graphene oxide and microcapsules containing inorganic eutectic phase change materials with a silica shell. The treated fabrics' morphology and chemical composition were examined using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (Attenuated Total Reflectance) (FT-IR ATR) analyses. The findings revealed that graphene oxide significantly enhances the absorption of microcapsules on the cotton fabric surface. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) showed a notable increase in the thermal stability of the treated samples, with a residue of 32 to 35% at 360 °C. Furthermore, vertical flame test results indicated a burning length of 3.33 ± 1.24 mm for the modified fabric, compared to the easily ignitable raw cotton, demonstrating a synergistic effect of graphene oxide and silica shell microcapsules. This enhanced performance is particularly advantageous for applications requiring both improved fire safety and efficient temperature regulation. Our results suggest that this innovative treatment method holds significant potential for advancing the development of safer and more efficient flame-retardant textiles, addressing the critical need for safer textile materials in various applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 4","pages":"1529 - 1539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Multiple Sheath Rovings on Cotton Core-Spun Yarn Structure: a Comparative Analysis of Roving Distances","authors":"Murat Demir","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00904-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00904-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the impact of varying roving distances in multi-sheath core-spun yarn production by feeding three individual staple rovings into the drafting zone. Specifically, the distance between the sheath rovings was kept constant for the symmetric core-spun yarn (SYCS) and varied for the asymmetric core-spun yarns (ASYCS). Filaments were fed along with the staple in the middle. In addition, siro core-spun yarns were produced (SCS). A comprehensive analysis of the physical, structural, and mechanical properties of the yarns was conducted, including measurements of yarn packing density and the core/sheath ratio. The experimental results revealed that roving distances influence the positioning of fibers within the yarn structure, with SYCS yarns exhibiting a higher packing density than ASYCS yarns. Furthermore, increasing roving space for ASYCS yarns reduced hairiness by 23.1% (for S3) and decreased yarn strength by 5%. No statistically significant differences were observed for the unevenness values. These findings highlight the effect of roving positioning on yarn properties for multi-sheath yarn production, offering valuable insights for optimizing composite yarn properties in technical and high-performance textile applications, such as those used in automotive, aerospace, and lightweight composites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 4","pages":"1783 - 1792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12221-025-00904-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Indra Reddy, Prabhu Sethuramalingam, Ranjeet Kumar Sahu
{"title":"Comprehensive Characterization of Novel Jute Fabrics with Musa Paradisiaca Leaf Agro-Waste Based Micro Cellulosic Fillers Reinforced Epoxy Composites For Lightweight Applications","authors":"M. Indra Reddy, Prabhu Sethuramalingam, Ranjeet Kumar Sahu","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00886-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00886-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For lightweight, sustainable, high-strength products, hybrid bio-epoxy composites materials were the most excellent choice for the production industry. The investigation proceeds in developing a four-stacked sequence jute-woven mats reinforced with epoxy composite and added with micro-cellulose fillers. The extraction of micro cellulose from Musa paradisiaca plant leaf (MPPL) was carried out through a series of processes, including alkali treatment, acid hydrolysis, bleaching, and slow pyrolysis. The composite was fabricated using the conventional hand lay-up method and compression molding. The microcellulose was added to the stacked composite at varying weight percentages (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%). Thermo-mechanical and water intake characterization were investigated using ASTM. The findings revealed that incorporating 5% MPPL cellulose into the jute-stacked layer sequence resulted in improved hardness (95 HRRW), tensile modulus (3407.69 MPa), tensile strength (79.74 MPa), flexural modulus (2195.752 MPa), flexural strength (56.87 MPa), and crystallinity index (72.7%). However, a reduction in impact strength (23.27 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>) was noted compared to the unfilled composite. The higher thermal degradation (480 °C) behavior of the filler-reinforced composite makes them a suitable material for applications in high-temperature environments. Fractographical morphology was also investigated to reveal the bonding behavior, voids formations, agglomeration of fillers, and fracture behavior. Thus, this distinguishable composite characterization will aid the manufacturing industries in producing high-strength biodegradable materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 4","pages":"1691 - 1703"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shanshan Jiang, Zhijun Yu, Haixin Zhu, Yuewen Huang, Bin Wang
{"title":"Diatomaceous Earth/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Piezoelectric Composite Foam for Enhancing Sound Absorption Performance","authors":"Shanshan Jiang, Zhijun Yu, Haixin Zhu, Yuewen Huang, Bin Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00894-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00894-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Noise has become a major potential problem in modern society, with a profound impact on human health. There is an urgent need to develop more effective sound-absorbing materials to control noise. In this study, composite foams were prepared by the sacrificial template method combined with non-solvent-induced phase separation using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as matrix and diatomaceous earth (DE) as filler. The result shows the addition of DE can act as a crystallization site to induce the formation of β phase in the PVDF matrix, thus enhancing the piezoelectricity of the foam. Due to the local piezoelectric effect of PVDF promoted by DE and the high porosity of DE itself, the sound absorption performance of DE/PVDF composite foam was better than that of pure PVDF foam. When the DE was 5 wt%, the noise reduction coefficient of DE/PVDF-2 composite foam was 50% higher than that of pure PVDF foam, and the average sound absorption coefficient (500–6400 Hz) was 38.5% higher. This work successfully prepared a moistureproof, flame-retardant, compression-resistant, and lightweight PVDF composite sound-absorbing foam, which is expected to be a commercial sound-absorbing material.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 4","pages":"1677 - 1690"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comprehensive Review of Textile Waste Recycling: From Origins to Innovations","authors":"Eun Hyup Kim, Hoik Lee","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00892-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00892-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global textile market has been rapidly growing, leading to a significant increase in textile waste generation. Over 80% of textile waste is managed through unsustainable methods such as landfilling and incineration, with only about 10% being recycled. This review explores various recycling methods—mechanical, chemical, biological, and thermal—and addresses the challenges posed by mixed fiber compositions, quality degradation, limited policy support, and lack of consumer awareness. It also emphasizes the integration of advanced recycling technologies into a sustainability framework and highlights practical barriers to scalability, such as the economic feasibility of recycling processes and the limited market demand for recycled fibers. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the importance of systemic changes, including collaboration among industries, policymakers, and consumers, to establish a circular economy. By combining technological innovation with strategic systemic approaches, this review provides actionable insights for reducing environmental impacts and promoting sustainability across the textile life cycle.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 4","pages":"1449 - 1464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Masae, P. Worachetwarawat, P. Pitsuwan, P. Kongsong, W. Sangchay, Hany M. Abd El-Lateef, Ibrahim M. A. Mohamed
{"title":"Development and Characterization of Silica and PVA–TiO2-Coated Cotton Fabrics for Enhanced Hydrophobicity, Antibacterial Activity, and UV-Protective Properties","authors":"M. Masae, P. Worachetwarawat, P. Pitsuwan, P. Kongsong, W. Sangchay, Hany M. Abd El-Lateef, Ibrahim M. A. Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00893-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00893-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focuses on developing multifunctional cotton fabrics coated with TiO<sub>2</sub>, silica, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to deliver combined hydrophobicity, antibacterial activity, and UV protection. A comprehensive evaluation of the coated fabrics included water contact angle measurements, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) for elemental analysis, UV protection assessment, and antibacterial tests against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. The fabrics exhibited self-cleaning properties due to high water contact angles ranging from 102.72° to 103.80°, allowing water droplets to roll off and removing contaminants effectively. EDS analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of SiO<sub>2</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub> into the cotton fibers, validating the coating's chemical integration. UV protection tests revealed significant shielding capability with ratings between 27 and 32, making the fabrics suitable for outdoor use. Antibacterial assessments demonstrated complete inhibition (100%) of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> after 24 h of exposure, indicating robust antimicrobial performance. These findings underscore the potential of this coating technology in producing self-cleaning, UV-protective, and antibacterial textiles, paving the way for advancements in high-performance fabric innovation for healthcare, protective wear, and outdoor applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 4","pages":"1631 - 1642"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrospun Composites of Bioactive Glass/Pomegranate Seed Oil/Poly(ε-caprolactone) for Bone Tissue Engineering","authors":"Aysen Akturk","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00895-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00895-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing demand for bone tissue implants due to population growth and the need to replace damaged bone has led to the development of novel scaffold systems in bone tissue applications. In this study, poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) electrospun nanofiber scaffolds were fabricated using the electrospinning method, incorporating 45S5 bioactive glass (BG) particles—synthesized by the melt quenching method—and pomegranate seed oil (PSO), a natural component known to enhance bone regeneration. For this purpose, the effect of different concentrations of PSO (5, 10, and 15% w/w relative to PCL) was investigated, while the BG content was kept constant at 15% w/w. The scaffolds were further analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy- dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and water contact angle tests, which showed that nanofibers were formed and that PSO was successfully incorporated into the nanofibers. Bioactivity assays were carried out in simulated body fluid for 28 days, and the nanofiber structures were examined using SEM, EDS, and XRD. The nanofiber loaded with BG and PSO at the concentration of 15% w/w showed a higher formation of the hydroxyapatite-like layer compared to the scaffolds containing PSO at concentrations of 5 and 10% w/w. Furthermore, the MTT assay using L929 fibroblast cells demonstrated the cytocompatibility of the developed membranes. These results suggest that the combination of BG and PSO in PCL nanofibers may be useful for improving bone tissue regeneration strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 4","pages":"1507 - 1517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12221-025-00895-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on the Melt Electrospinning Method with Internal Electrode and Fiber Refinement","authors":"Qi Xia, Chunming Wang, Bowen Yang, Minghang Li, Wenwen Han, Hongbo Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12221-025-00897-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12221-025-00897-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Melt electrospinning technology, as a green and efficient fiber manufacturing method, has shown great potential in various fields. However, the viscosity characteristics of the melt make fiber refinement challenging, which has become a major bottleneck for melt electrospinning technology. To further reduce fiber diameter and improve fiber efficiency, this study thoroughly analyzes the effects of melt temperature, auxiliary airflow, and nozzle structure on fiber properties. Additionally, a new melt differential electrospinning technology with an internal electrode structure is proposed. By introducing point electrodes, the electric field strength is enhanced, thus achieving both efficiency improvement and fiber refinement. Experimental results show that appropriately increasing the melt temperature can enhance both efficiency and fiber refinement. The fiber diameter significantly decreases with the increase of auxiliary airflow, although this method does not improve fiber efficiency. The internal electrode structure can increase the amount of fiber while refining the fiber diameter. The internal/external conical nozzle structures are suitable for efficiency improvement and fiber refinement, respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":557,"journal":{"name":"Fibers and Polymers","volume":"26 4","pages":"1519 - 1528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}