Przeglad Menopauzalny最新文献

{"title":"Intraoperative margin assessment in breast-conserving surgery. Preliminary analysis of cost-effectiveness and organisational benefits.","authors":"Paweł Pyka, Dzmitry Karkotka, Paweł Kołodziej","doi":"10.5114/pm.2025.158116","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pm.2025.158116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is the standard treatment for early breast cancer, offering comparable oncological effectiveness to mastectomy with better aesthetic outcomes. Achieving negative surgical margins is essential, as positive margins increase the risk of recurrence and reoperation, which place a burden on both patients and the healthcare system.This retrospective study evaluated the effectiveness of intraoperative margin assessment in BCS, focusing on its impact on reducing reoperation rates and analysing financial and organisational benefits.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Between 2016 and 2023, 549 patients underwent BCS with intraoperative margin assessment using frozen section analysis. Positive surgical margins were identified in 70 patients (12.8%). Through intraoperative re-excisions, negative margins were ultimately achieved in 55 cases, avoiding mastectomy or later reoperation. Only four patients (0.7%) required reoperation after the initial procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Avoiding reoperation generated significant cost savings. The average cost of one reoperation was estimated at PLN 12,829 (approximately EUR 3,013) in centres without comprehensive oncological care and PLN 17,855 (approximately EUR 4,194) in centres with comprehensive oncological care. The total savings for avoided procedures amounted to PLN 898,045 (about EUR 210,918) and PLN 1,249,857 (about EUR 293,545), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intraoperative margin assessment during BCS is an effective strategy that minimises the need for repeated procedures, improves patient outcomes, and provides measurable economic benefits at the healthcare system level. Wider implementation of this method may help optimise surgical resources while enhancing the quality of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":55643,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Menopauzalny","volume":"24 4","pages":"239-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid intake schedule as a possible risk-stratification factor for urinary incontinence in women during menopause.","authors":"Oksana Pavlovska, Olga Savelyeva, Kateryna Pavlovska","doi":"10.5114/pm.2025.157952","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pm.2025.157952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>One of the most common urogynecological diseases in women in menopause is urinary incontinence, which reduces the quality of life of patients, causing psycho-emotional discomfort, social maladjustment and hygienic inconvenience.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>265 working women aged 47-65 years were examined and were divided into 2 groups. Group I included 145 women who suffered from urinary incontinence, the Group II (control group)consisted of 120 women who did not complain of urinary disorders or could note rare episodes of stress urinary incontinence. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory and instrumental examinations according to the requirements of modern clinical protocols.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most probable trigger factors for urinary incontinence in the patients of Group I were carbohydrate metabolism disorders (84.14%), a history of complicated vaginal births (71.72%), a sedentary lifestyle (38.62%) and excess body weight (37.93%). In the overwhelming majority of the patients of Group I (88.28%) suffering from urinary incontinence, their daily volume of fluid intake did not meet the World Health Organization normative recommendations. According to the questionnaire, 59.31% of the patients of Group I consciously reduced fluid intake during the working day.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An unbalanced fluid intake schedule plays an important role in urinary incontinence in women and can be considered as a risk-stratification factor for this pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":55643,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Menopauzalny","volume":"24 4","pages":"244-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The outcomes of laparoscopic surgeries for urinary bladder and vesicouterine pouch endometriosis in the Polish population.","authors":"Krzysztof Szyłło, Tomasz Szaflik, Filip Gągorowski, Kacper Pawlak, Martyna Masternak, Filip Franciszek Karuga","doi":"10.5114/pm.2025.157949","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pm.2025.157949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urinary bladder endometriosis (BE) is a rare but significant condition, which may co-occur with vesicouterine pouch endometriosis (EVUP). Our study examined the outcomes of laparoscopic surgeries for BE and EVUP.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Twenty-nine patients who underwent the laparoscopic treatment in our centre in 2017-2023 were included. The patients were divided into EVUP and BE groups. The data was taken by analysing detailed patients' history/histories, which was/were taken at admission, follow-up was made 6 months after the surgery and in January 2024. Moreover, the patients filled in questionnaires regarding their pre- and postoperative symptoms using NRS scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with BE (<i>n</i> = 10) presented with symptoms of the following median intensity before vs. after surgery: dysmenorrhoea (5.5 IQR 0-10 vs. 0 IQR 0-2; <i>p</i> = 0.028), intermenstrual/intramenstrual pain (1 IQR 0-10 vs. 0 IQR 0-2; p = 0.043), dysuria (9 IQR 2-10 vs. 0 IQR 0-2; <i>p</i> = 0.005), dyschezia (0 IQR 0-9 vs. 0 IQR 0-0), and dyspareunia (0 IQR 0-8 vs. 0 IQR 0-2). Patients with EVUP (n = 8) presented with the following symptoms: dysmenorrhoea (8 IQR 4-10 vs. 0.5 IQR 0-6; <i>p</i> = 0.012), intermenstrual/intramenstrual pain (5 IQR 3-8 vs. 0 IQR 0-3; <i>p</i> = 0.012), dysuria (0 IQR 0-6 vs. 0 IQR 0-0), dyschezia (1.5 IQR 0-10 vs. 0 IQR 0-8), and dyspareunia (0.5 IQR 0-10 vs. 0 IQR 0-5).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite similar lesion locations, BE and EVUP symptoms differed significantly. Nevertheless, laparoscopic surgery was an effective treatment for both conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55643,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Menopauzalny","volume":"24 4","pages":"251-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices on menopause among female health workers in Vietnam - findings from a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Trang Nguyen-Khanh Huynh, Nga Thuy Nguyen, Phuoc Ngoc Huynh, Thao Thi-Phuong Nguyen, Huy Phuong Tran, Tuyet Thi-Diem Hoang","doi":"10.5114/pm.2025.158469","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pm.2025.158469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Menopause is a universal stage in women's lives, accompanied by major physiological and psychological changes. In many low- and middle-income countries, including Vietnam, evidence on healthcare workers' knowledge and attitudes towards menopause remains limited, despite their dual role as both providers and recipients of care. This study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding perimenopause and menopause among female health workers.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among 403 female health workers aged 40-60 years at Hung Vuong Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, from March to June 2024. Data were collected using a 45-item questionnaire adapted from validated international tools and translated into Vietnamese. Descriptive statistics summarised participant characteristics. Associations between variables were analysed using the χ²/Fisher's exact test, and significant factors were entered into Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) with 95% CI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most respondents demonstrated good knowledge (73.5%) and positive attitudes (65.3%), while 39.7% reported good practices. Higher education was significantly associated with better knowledge (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Participants with good knowledge were more likely to have positive attitudes (PR 3.55, 95% CI: 1.28-9.8, <i>p</i> = 0.015), and those with good practices were more likely to express positive attitudes (PR 1.55, 95% CI: 1.18-2.04, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Knowledge was also strongly correlated with practice (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Knowledge showed a strong positive association with both attitude and practice. Workplace-based education is needed to enhance awareness and promote healthier behaviours among female health workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":55643,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Menopauzalny","volume":"24 4","pages":"268-281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative differential diagnosis - uterine sarcoma or myoma?","authors":"Cloé Lepoivre, Magdalena Kajdos-Wągrowska, Karolina Cholewa-Nowak, Dominik Oleś, Marek Nowak","doi":"10.5114/pm.2025.158470","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pm.2025.158470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Uterine leiomyosarcoma (uLMS) is a rare, heterogeneous, and aggressive tumour, representing only 2-5% of all uterine neoplasms. It poses a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to symptom overlap with benign uterine conditions such as uterine fibroids. Risk factors of uLMS include advanced age, larger tumour size, submucosal localisation, prior malignancies, tamoxifen use, pelvic radiation, and higher body mass index. This review analyses 13 studies to better identify preoperative indicators of leiomyosarcoma and highlights the challenges in differentiating malignant tumours from benign fibroids. Early detection remains difficult because the clinical presentation often mimics more common benign conditions, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Current diagnostic methods: clinical examination, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and histopathology, offer important clues such as tumour size, irregular margins, necrosis, and vascular patterns, but none offers definitive preoperative diagnosis. While advanced imaging techniques like dynamic MRI show promise in distinguishing uLMS from leiomyomas, these methods are not yet practical for routine use. Blood markers lack diagnostic reliability. Minimally invasive surgical procedures, such as laparoscopic power morcellation, carry risks of spreading occult malignancies and should only be performed in carefully selected patients. Therefore, comprehensive preoperative evaluations and improved diagnostic tools are critical to facilitate earlier detection and optimise treatment outcomes, particularly in high-risk populations. Increased awareness among healthcare providers and patients is essential for improving prognosis and reducing the incidence of late-stage presentations.</p>","PeriodicalId":55643,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Menopauzalny","volume":"24 4","pages":"293-298"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confronting perimenopausal women's knowledge of coronary heart disease with their health behaviours. Controversial role of hormone replacement therapy in the protection of coronary heart disease.","authors":"Jadwiga Surówka, Aleksandra Sołtys, Anna Leja-Szpak","doi":"10.5114/pm.2025.157921","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pm.2025.157921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition resulting from a disproportion between the oxygen supply to the heart muscle and its actual demand for it. One of the risk factors for CHD is menopause. Women are more likely than men to experience non-specific symptoms of this disease, which contributes to inadequate diagnosis and delayed interventional treatment, resulting in a poorer prognosis. The aim of the research was to determine the level of women's knowledge among perimenopausal women about CHD and to confront this knowledge with health behaviour undertaken by respondents.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The data were collected using a diagnostic survey method and research tools included an original questionnaire and standardized health behaviour inventory. The study was carried out on 262 respondents, by CAWI method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most respondents demonstrated limited general knowledge about CHD, but showed good awareness of gender-specific differences and the role of hormones and hormone replacement therapy. Knowledge levels were not significantly associated with demographic factors. Health-promoting behaviours were generally moderate and not correlated with awareness of CHD risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a great necessity to educate women, especially in the menopausal period, about modifiable CHD risk factors and to undertake appropriate health behaviours.</p>","PeriodicalId":55643,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Menopauzalny","volume":"24 4","pages":"225-238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12902825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibody-drug conjugates in the treatment of advanced triple-negative breast cancer.","authors":"Tomasz Kubiatowski, Ewa Kalinka","doi":"10.5114/pm.2025.154681","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pm.2025.154681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triple-negative breast cancer accounts for approximately 15% of all diagnosed breast cancers and is characterized by an aggressive clinical course resulting from rapid proliferation of tumor cells poses a huge therapeutic challenge. The shortened, in comparison with other subtypes of breast cancer, progression free survival or the limited influence of the chemotherapy used on the overall survival imply the necessity of searching for new therapies. The use of monoclonal antibodies conjugated with a cytostatic initially allowed selective introduction of the drug into tumor cells showing expression of strictly defined receptor proteins on the cell membrane surface. Modification of the linkers binding the cytostatic to the antibody, on the other hand, allowed activation of the by-stander effect, allowing effective destruction of tumor cells lacking expression of specific antigens on their surface. Sacituzumab govitecan (anti-TROP2 antibody conjugated with inhibitor of topoisomerase I) improve median progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with advanced, metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Similarly, a beneficial effect from the use of ADCs (trastuzumab deruxtecan) was observed in patients with low HER2 expression. These therapeutic advances are reflected in clinical guidelines from leading organizations such as ASCO and ESMO, and have become the basis for ongoing clinical trials evaluating new ADCs with different molecular targets and cytotoxic mechanisms. This paper reviews the most important studies evaluating the clinical effect of ADCs in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":55643,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Menopauzalny","volume":"24 3","pages":"206-210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12529529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of functional impairment and frailty with the frequency of hospitalizations between sexes in a population aged 60+ years.","authors":"Oliver Robles-Guardamino, Jesse M Sánchez-Vargas, Karla M Joo, Ericson Gutierrez, Hellen L La Torre, José F Parodi, Fernando M Runzer-Colmenares","doi":"10.5114/pm.2025.154677","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pm.2025.154677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To determine whether the need for hospitalization is more frequent in patients with both frailty and functional dependence compared to patients with only frailty or functional dependence. We also performed an analysis stratified by sex.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>An observational, analytical, retrospective cohort study that analyzed a secondary database of a study including a population of 1896 older adults cared for by the Geriatric Service of the \"Naval Medical Center\" of Peru from 2010 to 2015. The analysis of the data was done using the program STATA version 15.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a statistically significant association between age (<i>p</i> = 0.001), education (<i>p</i> = 0.003), number of comorbidities (<i>p</i> = 0.01), frailty (<i>p</i> = 0.001), coexistence between frailty and functional dependence (<i>p</i> = 0.001) and the number of hospitalizations. The mean number of hospitalization days was greater among the older adults with both frailty and functional dependence compared to those who were only frail or functionally dependent (2.6 ±1.6 vs. 2.3 ±1.5 vs. 0.7 ±0.7; <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively). This association was maintained in women and men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The coexistence of functional dependence and frailty is associated with a greater number of hospitalizations in older male and female adults. This is relevant because frailty can be avoided by implementing promotional and preventive interventions of active aging and at the same time, it is potentially reversible with an early detection and adequate measures such as physical activity, diet, and cognitive training.</p>","PeriodicalId":55643,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Menopauzalny","volume":"24 3","pages":"149-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12529532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of steatotic liver disease in postmenopausal women: NHANES 2017-2020 insights.","authors":"Ritika Dhruve, Anmol Singh, Anand Jain, Aalam Sohal, Jonathan Schneider","doi":"10.5114/pm.2025.154676","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pm.2025.154676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The term steatotic liver disease (SLD) has replaced fatty liver disease following the Delphi consensus process. Recent trends indicate an increasing prevalence of SLD among women, particularly postmenopausal women. This study evaluates the prevalence of SLD in pre- and postmenopausal women and identifies risk factors contributing to its development.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2020. Adults aged ≥18 years with available controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measures (LSM) from vibration-controlled transient elastography were included. SLD and its subtypes - metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic-alcohol-related liver disease (MetALD), and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) - were classified according to the consensus definitions. Menopausal status was determined via self-reported reproductive health data. Multivariate logistic regression identified risk factors for SLD and liver fibrosis, adjusting for demographic and metabolic variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Steatotic liver disease prevalence was significantly higher in postmenopausal women (34.57% vs. 23.49%, <i>p</i> < 0.001), driven by MASLD (32.79% vs. 21.70%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). MetALD was more common in postmenopausal women (17.04% vs. 13.52%), while ALD was more frequent in premenopausal women (0.44% vs. 0.07%, <i>p</i> = 0.045). Advanced fibrosis (LSM ≥ 11.7 kPa) was also more prevalent in postmenopausal women (3.4% vs. 2.63%). Key predictors of SLD included higher BMI (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.68-2.23, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and diabetes (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.28-1.81, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postmenopausal women face an increased burden of SLD, likely due to metabolic risk factors and estrogen loss. Preventive interventions are needed to reduce SLD-related morbidity in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":55643,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Menopauzalny","volume":"24 3","pages":"156-162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12529527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are statin side effects dependent on sex? A narrative review.","authors":"Anna Braszak-Cymerman, Małgorzata Moszak, Wiesław Bryl, Marta K Walczak","doi":"10.5114/pm.2025.154683","DOIUrl":"10.5114/pm.2025.154683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Statins are the first-line treatment for dyslipidemia, which is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. One of the main problems in the dyslipidemia treatment is the frequently reported discontinuation of statins, mainly due to side effects of statins. The aim of the study was to summarize current knowledge on, and comprehensively discuss, the lower adherence to statins among women than men, and to assess whether gender is associated with the incidence of statin side effects. A narrative review was performed using data from articles found in a search of PubMed and Scopus databases using the terms related to statin adherence and statin adverse events by gender. Women are less adherent to statin therapy than men. Statin adverse events and statin intolerance appear to be the main cause of poor adherence to statin treatment. Women have been found to be more likely than men to stop or switch their statin therapy because of side effects, were less likely than men to perceive statins as safe or effective, and were more likely to report discontinuing statins because of adverse effects. Female sex has also been identified as a risk factor for statin intolerance. The reports reviewed in the manuscript indicate a higher prevalence of SAMS and new-onset diabetes among women than men. The risk also increases with age and is dose-dependent. Women have also been found to be more susceptible to the nocebo and drucebo effects of statins. Greater awareness of gender-specific side effects may lead to better tailoring of therapy and consequently to better adherence to statins among women, and thus the achievement of therapeutic goals in finally reducing cardiovascular risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":55643,"journal":{"name":"Przeglad Menopauzalny","volume":"24 3","pages":"211-220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12529534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145330896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}