Bell Labs Technical Journal最新文献_第8页

Current and future flexible wavelength routing cross-connects 当前和未来的灵活波长路由交叉连接

Bell Labs Technical Journal Pub Date : 2013-12-01 DOI: 10.1002/bltj.21626

Thierry Zami

{"title":"Current and future flexible wavelength routing cross-connects","authors":"Thierry Zami","doi":"10.1002/bltj.21626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bltj.21626","url":null,"abstract":"Existing and evolving telecommunication services rely upon transport infrastructure for their carriage, including that provided by wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) based networking. In order to maximize reach in the photonic domain, thus limiting the total number of costly and power-greedy optoelectronic regenerators required for reliable transport, optimization of wavelength routing cross-connect (WRXC) properties is essential. There are several relevant WRXC properties. These include low physical impact on optical channels, enabling usage of advanced modulation formats with high spectral efficiency, support for flexible wavelength allocation as well as multi-directional, colorless, and contentionless insertion/ extraction of traffic, resilience against failures, and automatic lightpath setup. Other factors supporting WRXC deployment involve fair initial cost, compactness and modularity, and scalability to high connectivity and to significant add/drop capacity. Some of these features are a “must have” whereas others are a “nice to have.” This paper reviews the primary trends affecting current and future WRXC evolution considering these functionalities as well as the corresponding tradeoffs.","PeriodicalId":55592,"journal":{"name":"Bell Labs Technical Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"23-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bltj.21626","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50327470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Low Cost TWDM by Wavelength-Set Division Multiplexing 基于波长集分复用的低成本TWDM

Bell Labs Technical Journal Pub Date : 2013-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/bltj.21633

Wolfgang Pöhlmann, Bernhard Deppisch, Thomas Pfeiffer, Carlo Ferrari, Mark Earnshaw, Alex Duque, Robert L. Farah, Joe Galaro, James Kotch, Man Fai Lau, Doutje T. van Veen, Peter Vetter

{"title":"Low Cost TWDM by Wavelength-Set Division Multiplexing","authors":"Wolfgang Pöhlmann, Bernhard Deppisch, Thomas Pfeiffer, Carlo Ferrari, Mark Earnshaw, Alex Duque, Robert L. Farah, Joe Galaro, James Kotch, Man Fai Lau, Doutje T. van Veen, Peter Vetter","doi":"10.1002/bltj.21633","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bltj.21633","url":null,"abstract":"After extensive comparison of candidate technologies, the Full Service Access Network (FSAN) Group in early 2012 made the decision to define Time/Wavelength Division Multiplexing (TWDM) as the primary solution for the next-generation passive optical network (NG-PON2). A minimum of four wavelengths are foreseen as providing a total capacity per feeder line of 40 Gbit/s downstream and 10 Gbit/s or more upstream. Conventional wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) lasers from core or metro networks are too expensive for fiber to the home (FTTH) systems, because every optical network unit (ONU) will need a tunable laser for upstream transmission. In this paper we will compare different technical solutions and present wavelength-set division multiplexing (WSDM), a scheme developed by Bell Labs as the preferred solution for cost reasons. WSDM uses a laser that can be tuned by an on-chip heater stripe. To exploit this partial wavelength tunability, we do not use contiguous wavelength bands, but wavelength-sets consisting of cyclic interleaved wavelength slots on a fine grid. This wavelength plan can be implemented, e.g., by a cyclic arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) with a small free spectral range. We will describe the concept in detail and report on its experimental validation. © 2013 Alcatel-Lucent.","PeriodicalId":55592,"journal":{"name":"Bell Labs Technical Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"173-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bltj.21633","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51438482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

System Design Tool for High Bit Rate Terrestrial Transmission Systems With Coherent Detection 具有相干检测的高比特率地面传输系统设计工具

Bell Labs Technical Journal Pub Date : 2013-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/bltj.21637

Bruno Lavigne, Mathieu Lefrançois, Elodie Balmefrezol, Christine Bresson, Francesco Vacondio, Jean-Christophe Antona, Emmanuel Seve, Olivier Rival

{"title":"System Design Tool for High Bit Rate Terrestrial Transmission Systems With Coherent Detection","authors":"Bruno Lavigne, Mathieu Lefrançois, Elodie Balmefrezol, Christine Bresson, Francesco Vacondio, Jean-Christophe Antona, Emmanuel Seve, Olivier Rival","doi":"10.1002/bltj.21637","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bltj.21637","url":null,"abstract":"Coherent detection offers the ability to compensate for linear transmission impairments such as fiber chromatic dispersion and polarization-mode dispersion in the digital domain, thereby enabling dispersion-uncompensated optical transmission for high performance and high cost effectiveness. In dispersion-uncompensated transmission systems, the statistics of optical nonlinearity induced distortions have been proven to be essentially Gaussian-distributed, and new physical models have emerged showing profound differences with respect to legacy systems based on direct detection. From such differences stems the need to adapt the design tool to capture these new propagation properties. In that respect, we propose a model for performance prediction, which is used to derive a simple yet effective feasibility parameter to be embedded in the design tool. The feasibility parameter is experimentally validated with real time product transponders, and realistic system configurations: a precision of ±0.5 dB is achieved for 40 Gb/s, 100 Gb/s and 400 Gb/s coherent channels, which represents an improvement of more than 3 dB over the design tool using the nonlinear phase shift as the criterion. ©2013 Alcatel-Lucent.","PeriodicalId":55592,"journal":{"name":"Bell Labs Technical Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"251-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bltj.21637","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51438733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Optical Ring Metro Networks With Flexible Grid and Distance-Adaptive Optical Coherent Transceivers 具有柔性网格和距离自适应光相干收发器的光环城域网络

Bell Labs Technical Journal Pub Date : 2013-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/bltj.21629

Cristina Rottondi, Massimo Tornatore, Giancarlo Gavioli

{"title":"Optical Ring Metro Networks With Flexible Grid and Distance-Adaptive Optical Coherent Transceivers","authors":"Cristina Rottondi, Massimo Tornatore, Giancarlo Gavioli","doi":"10.1002/bltj.21629","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bltj.21629","url":null,"abstract":"The utilization of distance-adaptive coherent optical transceivers in combination with a flexible finer-grained Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) grid has been proposed in optical core networks to enable higher spectral efficiency and flexibility in the allocation of traffic flows. However, the application of distance-adaptive transceivers in metro networks, which are typically based on ring topologies and characterized by shorter distances and lower traffic volumes, is still an open research area both in terms of network resource savings and coherent technology requirements. This paper discusses and analyzes an optical metro ring network architecture with distance-adaptive coherent transceivers and formalizes the routing, modulation level, and spectrum assignment (RMLSA) optimization problem over such a network in order to evaluate the possible benefits introduced by the use of coherent technologies and of a spectrum grid of finer granularity in metro scenarios. Comparisons with legacy WDM systems show significant savings in terms of spectrum occupation and transceiver utilization. © 2013 Alcatel-Lucent.","PeriodicalId":55592,"journal":{"name":"Bell Labs Technical Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"95-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bltj.21629","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51438332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

Forward Error Correction in Optical Core and Optical Access Networks 光核和光接入网的前向纠错

Bell Labs Technical Journal Pub Date : 2013-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/bltj.21627

Laurent Schmalen, Adriaan J. de Lind van Wijngaarden, Stephan ten Brink

引用次数: 29

Mode Group Division Multiplexing in Graded-Index Multimode Fibers 梯度折射率多模光纤中的模式群分复用

Bell Labs Technical Journal Pub Date : 2013-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/bltj.21632

Bernd Franz, Henning Bülow

引用次数: 35

The Migration of the Optical Internetworking Forum Common Electrical Interface Standardization to Optical Intra-System Interconnects Beyond 25 Gb/s 光互联论坛通用电接口标准化向25gb /s以上光系统内互连的迁移

Bell Labs Technical Journal Pub Date : 2013-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/bltj.21638

Thomas Eckart, Hans-Joachim Götz, Thomas Ziselsberger, Klaus-Holger Otto

{"title":"The Migration of the Optical Internetworking Forum Common Electrical Interface Standardization to Optical Intra-System Interconnects Beyond 25 Gb/s","authors":"Thomas Eckart, Hans-Joachim Götz, Thomas Ziselsberger, Klaus-Holger Otto","doi":"10.1002/bltj.21638","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bltj.21638","url":null,"abstract":"There has been a decade long history of groundbreaking work on Common Electrical Interface (CEI) Implementation Agreements within the Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF). While the first edition of CEI specifications was dedicated to 6 Gb/s and 11 Gb/s serial electrical interfaces, later revisions address a range of applications encompassing 20 Gb/s to 28 Gb/s rates involving various classes of reach, with recent initiatives targeted at doubling these rates. This paper discusses the evolution of OIF CEI specification development, including the impacts of critical elements such as channel models, signaling schemes, and the power consumption of the required Serdes designs. It provides an overview of current active work areas that are focusing upon 28 Gb/s and 56 Gb/s serial electrical interfaces and their relevance to some of the latest 100G to 400G line card and system developments. Finally, it offers a projection of ongoing OIF work regarding the Next Generation Interconnect (NGI) framework project, which is starting to define a transition path from electrical to optical intra-system interconnects for even higher serial data rates and longer reaches. © 2013 Alcatel-Lucent.","PeriodicalId":55592,"journal":{"name":"Bell Labs Technical Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"267-283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bltj.21638","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51439085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Free-Space Optical Backplane Prototype for Telecommunication Equipment in the Petabit/s Range 千兆比特/秒范围内电信设备的自由空间光学背板原型

Bell Labs Technical Journal Pub Date : 2013-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/bltj.21639

Santo Maggio, Qingnan Zhang, Zhongxu Zhao

引用次数: 1

High Speed Multi-Level Drivers for Spectrally Efficient Optical Transmission Systems 高效光谱光传输系统的高速多级驱动器

Bell Labs Technical Journal Pub Date : 2013-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/bltj.21628

Jean Godin, Agnieszka Kończykowska, Jean-Yves Dupuy, Muriel Riet, Virginie Nodjiadjim, Filipe Jorge, Gabriel Charlet, Oriol Bertran-Pardo, Jérémie Renaudier, Haik Mardoyan, Alan Gnauck, Peter J. Winzer

{"title":"High Speed Multi-Level Drivers for Spectrally Efficient Optical Transmission Systems","authors":"Jean Godin, Agnieszka Kończykowska, Jean-Yves Dupuy, Muriel Riet, Virginie Nodjiadjim, Filipe Jorge, Gabriel Charlet, Oriol Bertran-Pardo, Jérémie Renaudier, Haik Mardoyan, Alan Gnauck, Peter J. Winzer","doi":"10.1002/bltj.21628","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bltj.21628","url":null,"abstract":"High spectral efficiency modulation is key to addressing the optical network capacity challenge. Typical implementations of transmitters for advanced modulation formats use high-resolution silicon digital-to-analog converters, complemented by high bandwidth linear amplifiers to drive the electro-optic modulator. To overcome the limitations of this setup, both in speed and complexity, Bell Labs has proposed and realized an alternative approach based on a multi-level driver which operates at symbol rates up to 50 GBaud with swings up to 2×2 volts, sufficient to drive various common electro-optic modulators (Vπ ∼3-4 V). Over the past two years, multi-level drivers have enabled various Bell Labs optical system experiments relying on the high signal quality achieved and the rate flexibility offered. The circuit architecture, its main features, and the various system experiments are summarized. © 2013 Alcatel-Lucent.","PeriodicalId":55592,"journal":{"name":"Bell Labs Technical Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"67-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/bltj.21628","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51438269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Optical Networking and Technology Innovation 光网络与技术创新

Bell Labs Technical Journal Pub Date : 2013-11-27 DOI: 10.1002/bltj.21624

Andreas Leven, Eve L. Varma

引用次数: 0