Yvette van der Eijk, Grace Ping Ping Tan, Binderiya Makhbal
{"title":"Is It Time to Ban Flavored Cigarettes in Asia-Pacific Countries? A Scoping Review.","authors":"Yvette van der Eijk, Grace Ping Ping Tan, Binderiya Makhbal","doi":"10.1177/10105395241266042","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10105395241266042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flavored cigarettes encourage youth smoking and deter quitting. No country in Asia-Pacific, a region with some of the world's highest smoking rates, has regulated tobacco flavors. We examined market data, academic literature, and gray literature to describe what is known on flavored cigarettes in the Asia-Pacific region. Of the 12 countries for which market data were available, ten had substantial flavored cigarette market shares ranging from 10% to 97%. With no regulations and growing markets for flavor capsule variants, the tobacco industry's ongoing promotion of flavored cigarettes, which targets primarily youth and women, is expected to drive further increases in smoking prevalence. There are significant research and monitoring gaps on the industry's marketing tactics and use of flavored cigarettes in the region. Given the large market shares, Asia-Pacific countries stand to benefit substantially from a tobacco flavors ban.</p>","PeriodicalId":55570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"542-549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Addressing Dementia-Related Caregiver Burden in Pakistan: The Worsening Geriatric Care Landscape.","authors":"Ayesha Muhammad","doi":"10.1177/10105395241262615","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10105395241262615","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"652-653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karthikayini Krishnasamy, Mohd Idzwan Zakaria, Vairavan Narayanan, Karuthan Chinna, Nazirah Hasnan, Maw Pin Tan
{"title":"Interprofessional Comparisons in Patient Safety Culture at a Teaching Hospital Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Karthikayini Krishnasamy, Mohd Idzwan Zakaria, Vairavan Narayanan, Karuthan Chinna, Nazirah Hasnan, Maw Pin Tan","doi":"10.1177/10105395241260541","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10105395241260541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges with its impact on patient safety culture and staff well-being. This study was to identify potential changes in safety culture among health care workers from before to during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to determine the differences across occupational groups. The Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) was administered electronically in both English and Malay languages using the Google Forms platform in 2018 and was repeated in 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparisons were made between 2018 and 2021 to determine changes in patient safety culture for the overall staff population and by occupational groups. A total of 3175 health care workers completed the questionnaire in 2021. Overall, a comparable percentage agreement was found for all SAQ domains in 2018 and 2021 with visible improvements for doctors and support staff. Safety Attitudes Questionnaire domain scores differed in teamwork, safety climate, perception of hospital management, and working condition domains across occupational groups. Self-isolation and COVID-19 were associated with poorer SAQ domain scores, while redeployment was associated with improvements in SAQ domain scores. Interventions targeting areas of weakness as well as utilizing positive experiences such as redeployment should be explored to enhance patient safety in hospitals settings postpandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":55570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"603-609"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lessons Learned From Bhutan on extending Girls-Only HPV Vaccination Program to Boys: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Sonam Yangchen, Marisa Felsher, Diana Acosta, Isaya Sukarom, Lily Wu, Sangay Phuntsho, Tashi Chozom, Tashi Dawa, Karma Lhaden Tobgay","doi":"10.1177/10105395241273296","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10105395241273296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2020, Bhutan pioneered a school-based gender-neutral human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program, achieving an impressive 96% vaccination coverage rate by 2021. This study, conducted through 49 in-depth interviews with community leaders, policymakers, parents, teachers, and health workers, and 12 focus group discussions with boys who received HPV vaccination. We used conventional content analysis to analyze the data. Enablers of the extension of gender-neutral HPV vaccination included social mobilization and advocacy efforts, which encompassed community engagement and leadership and collaborations with schools. Equally crucial were proficient program management and the strategic use of digital interventions. Challenges included tracking and reaching eligible adolescents. Vaccinated boys perceived school-based vaccination to be a key enabler of vaccine update. The study concludes that extending a girls-only HPV vaccination program to gender-neutral is feasible and acceptable in Bhutan. Findings related to challenges and ways for overcoming them can support other countries interested in gender-neutral HPV vaccination program.</p>","PeriodicalId":55570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"580-588"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The World Health Organization Reviews Another Year of Global Health Progress and Some Setbacks.","authors":"Colin Binns, Wah Yun Low","doi":"10.1177/10105395241265205","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10105395241265205","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"425-428"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Food Insecurity and Outpatient Care Utilization Among Indonesian Older Adults.","authors":"Mardiana Dwi Puspitasari, Mugia Bayu Rahardja, Indra Murty Surbakti","doi":"10.1177/10105395241252869","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10105395241252869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to examine the complex relationship between household food insecurity and outpatient care utilization among Indonesian older adults. Individual-level data from the 2020 National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS; <i>n</i> = 29 950 older adults aged 60 and over in poor self-rated health who are unable to do daily activities) and environmental-level data (<i>n</i> = 84 096 villages in a data aggregation across 514 municipalities) from the 2021 Village Potential Data Census Collection Survey (PODES) are used in a two-level binary logistic regression model. Older adults who live in severely food insecure households (odds ratio [OR] 1.963) and lack of health insurance (OR 1.654) are more likely of not utilizing outpatient care. The interclass correlation coefficient value is 0.162, indicating that primary health care services in every village improve outpatient care utilization. Food insecurity is the major determinant of reduced likelihood of outpatient care utilization, which can be explained by household resource constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":55570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"471-477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140893134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of Mental Health Status and Its Association With Willingness to Take Vaccine Against COVID-19 Among the Students of Public and Private Universities in Bangladesh.","authors":"Md Rohan Nadvi, Saquiba Yesmine, Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud, Henryata Eileen Rozario, Farah Naima Tapti, Rudaba Kabir, Urmi Siddiqa, Maniza Mahrin Khan","doi":"10.1177/10105395241253029","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10105395241253029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study investigated mental health status of the students of public and private universities, their willingness to take vaccine against COVID-19, and its association with fear, anxiety, and depression. A cross-sectional electronic survey was conducted from July 26 to September 15, 2021, using a well-structured questionnaire among 504 university students. The average age of the participants was 22.92 ± 2.28 years and 76.98% of them were willing to vaccinate against COVID-19. The fear of COVID-19 was found mild, and depression level was demonstrated moderate among the students irrespective of the university types. Moreover, Masters/MPhil/PhD students and the students living in semi-urban areas had the highest rate of willingness to vaccinate. The study demonstrated that level of fear, anxiety, and depression was directly associated with increased willingness to vaccinate among the tertiary level students in Bangladesh. The outcome of this study sketched a positive association of knowledge and education with better management of pandemic in a society.</p>","PeriodicalId":55570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"500-503"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140909613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lan Wang, Chenjin Ma, Yi Zhou, Yuliang Wang, Na Zhao, Yijuan Chen, Ziping Miao, Yunmei Yang, Shelan Liu
{"title":"Epidemiological Features of Hepatitis C in China From 2015 to 2021: Insights From National Surveillance Data.","authors":"Lan Wang, Chenjin Ma, Yi Zhou, Yuliang Wang, Na Zhao, Yijuan Chen, Ziping Miao, Yunmei Yang, Shelan Liu","doi":"10.1177/10105395241254870","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10105395241254870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic overwhelmed national health care systems, not least in the context of hepatitis elimination. This study investigates the effects of the pandemic response on the incidence rate, mortality rate, and case fatality rate (CFR) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) cases in China. We extracted the number of hepatitis C cases and HCV-related deaths by month and year for 2015 to 2021 in China and applied two proportional tests to analyze changes in the average yearly incidence rates, mortality rates, and CFRs for 2015 to 2020. We used the autoregressive integrated moving average model to predict these three rates for 2020 based on 2015 to 2019 HCV data. The incidence of hepatitis C decreased by 7.11% and 1.42% (<i>P</i> < .001) in 2020 and 2021, respectively, compared with 2015 to 2019, while it increased by 6.13% (<i>P</i> < .001) in 2021 relative to 2020. The monthly observed incidence in 2020 was significantly lower (-26.07%) than predicted. Meanwhile, no differences in mortality rate or CFR were observed between 2021, 2020, and 2015 to 2019. Our findings suggested that nonpharmaceutical interventions and behavioral changes to mitigate COVID-19 could have reduced hepatitis C incidence and accelerated China's implementation of a plan to eliminate HCV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":55570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"447-454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dietary Knowledge and Preference Among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Couples.","authors":"Dexia Kong, Yaxin Lan, Peiyi Lu, Lei Jin","doi":"10.1177/10105395241254879","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10105395241254879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the interdependence of dietary knowledge and preference and potential rural-urban differences among middle-aged and older Chinese couples. Couple-level data from the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey were included (N = 2933). Structural Equation Model examined the actor and partner effects of dietary knowledge on dietary preferences. Findings indicated that greater dietary knowledge was associated with one's healthier diet preferences among both rural and urban residents (<i>P</i> < .01). In rural areas, ones' dietary knowledge was associated with their partners' dietary preferences (<i>P</i> < .01). However, in urban areas, husbands' dietary knowledge was not associated with their wives' dietary preferences (<i>P</i> = .58), whereas wives' dietary knowledge was associated with their husbands' dietary preferences (<i>P</i> < .05). The rural-urban difference indicates the greater decision-making power of men in rural households. A couple-based approach is suggested for dietary interventions and guidelines promoting healthy eating in China, particularly in rural regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"493-499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Prevalence of Anemia Among Vietnamese Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Vu Thi Quynh Chi, Tran Quang Duc","doi":"10.1177/10105395241251867","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10105395241251867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While anemia constitutes a prevalent health issue among children in Vietnam, comprehensive aggregate data remain scarce. Consequently, the objective of this meta-analysis is to establish the pooled prevalence of anemia in the pediatric population of Vietnam. A comprehensive systematic search of existing prevalence studies was conducted up until June 2022, encompassing databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library, as well as reference list analysis. Pooled prevalence estimates, along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were calculated using a random-effects model. Publication bias was assessed using the Egger regression test and funnel plot inspection. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify potential variations in anemia prevalence across study groups. The pooled prevalence estimate for anemia among children under 10-year-olds amounted to 35.5% (95% CI = [23.9, 49.1]). Notably, gender-specific analyses unveiled distinct prevalence rates, with 37.8% among males and 33.4% among females. Furthermore, variations in anemia prevalence among Vietnamese children were evident across different demographic strata, encompassing gender, age groups, and rural or poor rural residency. The calculated pooled prevalence of anemia among children in Vietnam revealed a significant burden. Addressing this issue necessitates targeted interventions within specific regions and the implementation of government policies aligned with global targets for the eradication of childhood anemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":55570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"429-436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}