Archaeological Prospection最新文献

{"title":"Identification of Architectural Roman Remains in the Complex Archaeological Site of Buto ‘Tell El Fara'in’, Northern Egypt, Using Geophysical and Remote Sensing Data","authors":"Mohamed A. R. Abouarab,&nbsp;Amin Ibrahim,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Eldosouky,&nbsp;Ibrahim Aboalkassim,&nbsp;Ali Younes,&nbsp;Gad El-Qady,&nbsp;Abbas Mohamed Abbas,&nbsp;Ibrahim Aly El-hemaly,&nbsp;Ahmed Awad,&nbsp;Penelope Wilson,&nbsp;Abdelaziz Elfadaly,&nbsp;Rosa Lasaponara","doi":"10.1002/arp.1971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1971","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The integrated use of remote sensing (RS) techniques, vertical magnetic gradient (VMG) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) measurements, and, in particular, combined analysis of 2D and 3D data, can provide a viable option for the identification of targets of interest at complicated archaeological sites. In this regard, a case study is Kom C at the archaeological site of Buto (Tell El Fara'in) in the northern Nile Delta (Egypt), where satellite data (Google Earth, Landsat 8 and OrbView-3), VMG and ERT measurements were collected prior to site excavation. In this particular case, soil salinity in the buried structures, a lack of contrast in magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity, as well as the orientation, complex spatial distribution and overlapping of the architectural elements, all contributed to a number of anomalies that were difficult to interpret using only 2D results. Initially, the archaeological remains were identified as being made of mud-brick based on land surface temperature (LST) estimated from thermal bands (Bands 10 and 11) in Landsat 8. Then, the high-resolution satellite data, as well as the VMG and ERT (2D, quasi-3D and full 3D resistivity models), were integrated to produce a comprehensive map of buried archaeological features. Excavations by Kafrelsheikh University in collaboration with the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities recovered archaeological remains, including architectural elements that were perhaps used for official or administrative purposes or pottery-making workshops during the Late Roman period (between the 4th and 7th century <span>ce</span>). The direct comparison of geophysical results to archaeological evidence from the excavation enabled a robust interpretation of geophysical anomalies visible in the horizontal resistivity depth slice and magnetic maps. As a whole, this case study highlights the value of combining satellite data with the analysis of 2D data and 3D views of geophysical surveys to better understand the real distribution of buried archaeological remains at similar complex sites.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"437-457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Ancient Constructive Phases With Integrated Geophysical Prospection in the Group of the Columns, Mitla, Oaxaca","authors":"Denisse L. Argote,&nbsp;Gerardo Cifuentes-Nava,&nbsp;Andrés Tejero-Andrade,&nbsp;Martín Cárdenas-Soto,&nbsp;Leobardo Pacheco-Arias,&nbsp;Marco Vigato,&nbsp;Ludovic Celle","doi":"10.1002/arp.1969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1969","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The archaeological zone of Mitla has an invaluable place within the Mexican cultural heritage. This pre-Hispanic city concentrated the political and religious power of the central valleys of Oaxaca, south of Mexico, mainly during the Postclassic period. However, despite its great cultural importance and considering the risk to its monuments due to the high seismicity of the region, very few studies have focused on the systematic exploration of the subsoil of this area. The present research aimed to characterize the subsoil of one of the architectural compounds of the archaeological zone, the Group of the Columns, aiming to identify possible underground elements such as architectural structures, tunnels or tombs. For that purpose, three non-invasive geophysical methods were applied, ground penetrating radar (GPR), electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ambient noise tomography (ANT). In the palace, all three methods showed the presence of a substructure below the Hall of the Columns. In the Plaza of the Columns, the GPR detected anthropogenic walls and platforms at different depths that suggest a different configuration of the square and a more prolonged occupation of this group. The results open the discussion about the temporality of the first construction of this architectural group.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"419-435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Archaeological Phenomena Using Deep Learning in the Study of the Old Aerial Images of Historical City of Zuzan","authors":"Fereshte Azarkhordad,&nbsp;Hasan Hashemi Zarajabad,&nbsp;Abed Taghavi,&nbsp;Mahdi Kherad","doi":"10.1002/arp.1967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1967","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to saving time and manpower, automatic and semi-automatic methods can be used to identify and analyse ancient artefacts. Such methods are usually among the studies of neural networks and machine learning systems, which are carried out using remote sensing data and are completely based on spatial information. In the present research, the aim is to detect archaeological phenomena in the landscape of the historical city of Zuzan using convolutional neural network and object detection using the YOLO v8 algorithm, which uses aerial images from the 1960s and 1990s as input data. The most important steps of this method are: training and learning model, image pre-processing, feature extraction and feature labelling are implemented to provide an automatic pattern recognition system for recognizing archaeological phenomena in an urban landscape. The training data set consists of old aerial images in which features such as the city wall (fence), Citadel and Aqueduct (Qanat) are labelled. The results of CNN training with aerial images of the 60s and 90s and Yolo modelling show the detection of feature such as the aqueduct with 69% accuracy, the city wall with 91% accuracy and the citadel with 100% accuracy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"409-418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote Sensing Analysis and LiDAR Experimenting in the Espique Valley (La Peza, Granada, Spain)","authors":"Jesús Rodríguez Bulnes,&nbsp;Julio M. Román Punzón,&nbsp;José M. Martín Civantos","doi":"10.1002/arp.1970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1970","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Espique valley is a small space at the foot of the mountain, practically closed, which hides a rich archaeological heritage, not only of habitats but also of varied productive spaces. For some years now, MEMOLab UGR has been carrying out research that is now enriched with the contribution of LiDAR, with whose application we are experimenting with at a landscape scale but also with the precision of terrestrial tools for an integrated high-resolution graphic documentation, which allows us to carry out analyses on the evolution of the settlement and the occupation and uses of this valley.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"395-407"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1970","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considering Present-Day Communities in Archaeological Remote Sensing of Burial Spaces: Introduction to Special Issue","authors":"Jennie O. Sturm,&nbsp;Jason T. Herrmann","doi":"10.1002/arp.1948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1948","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this editorial, we introduce the Special Issue, ‘Considering Present-Day Communities in Archaeological Remote Sensing of Burial Spaces’. What does it mean to consider present-day communities when we do geophysical surveys in burial spaces? This is the conversation we hoped to spark through this Special Issue, and the authors who contributed manuscripts to this Special Issue rose to this challenge. Within this Special Issue, readers will find thoughtful and thought-provoking insights into many aspects of this work. While many of the authors present technical information on methods, approaches, and analyses of data from specific cemeteries, it is their engagement with these higher-level questions that AP readers who engage in this type of work are likely to find most stimulating.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"31 4","pages":"293-297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography Using a Radial Array and Detailed Topography for Tumuli Prospection","authors":"Marios Karaoulis,&nbsp;Grigorios N. Tsokas,&nbsp;Panagiotis Tsourlos,&nbsp;Petros Bogiatzis,&nbsp;George Vargemezis","doi":"10.1002/arp.1966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1966","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tumuli, ancient burial mounds, stand as intriguing archaeological features, offering valuable insights into past cultures and burial practices. This paper explores the significance of tumuli inspection and utilizes electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) as a noninvasive and powerful tool for inspecting these enigmatic structures, using a nonconventional array. Tumuli, spanning various shapes and sizes, serve as repositories of cultural and funerary traditions, and understanding their internal composition is crucial for unravelling historical narratives. ERT has emerged as a promising geophysical method for investigating subsurface structures, including tumuli. By imaging the electrical resistivity of the ground, ERT enables archaeologists to map variations in soil composition and identify buried features without excavation. This paper reviews the principles of ERT and its application in tumulus studies, showcasing a case study where ERT has successfully revealed internal structures, burial chambers and associated artefacts. The use of 2D ERT is common in tumuli inspection, ignoring accurate 3D effects from the topography. Here we highlight the benefits of the 3D inversion, while we provide a different way to measure which is cost efficient and provides increased spatial resolution to the area of interest. The integration of 3D ERT into archaeological investigations not only enhances our understanding of tumuli construction but also preserves these cultural heritage sites by minimizing the need for invasive excavation. This research contributes to the evolving methodologies in archaeology, emphasizing the synergy between modern technology and traditional archaeological inquiry to uncover the secrets held within tumuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 1","pages":"197-208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1966","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Pole–Pole Measurements to Calculate Arbitrary 4-Point Configurations—An Approach to Make Electrical Resistivity Tomography More Flexible and Time-Efficient","authors":"Simon Levin Fischer,&nbsp;Ercan Erkul,&nbsp;Michael Gräber,&nbsp;Wolfgang Rabbel","doi":"10.1002/arp.1965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1965","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is nowadays widely used in archaeological prospection. This study deals with an approach to make ERT more time-efficient and flexible. It is based on calculating arbitrary 4-point configurations by superposition of multiple pole–pole measurements. Investigating its applicability for archaeological purposes is the objective of this work. To do so, a synthetic study and a case study are conducted to gain insights into effects of nonideal field conditions, noise susceptibility and other challenges during processing and interpretation. Remains of an early modern manor in Noer served as an exemplary object of investigation. Their high resistivity contrast in relation to the surrounding soil makes them ideal for a functionality test. Beforehand, ground penetrating radar measurements were carried out to constrain the forward model used in the synthetic study. It turns out that the pole–pole conversion is well applicable for archaeological prospection under some conditions. The synthetic study shows that the approach is relatively prone to systematic errors. Therefore, it is recommended to locate the external electrodes at a distance of at least 0.7 times (preferably 1.7 times) the maximum internal electrode spacing from the area of investigation. Other error sources like nonideal electrode coupling must be excluded to keep relative noise levels below 1%. The pole–pole conversion can be considered reliable for absolute noise levels below 0.3 mV. Therefore, an A/D converter resolution of, for example, 16-bit should be sufficient for a dynamic range of ±10 V. If all conditions are met, the pole–pole conversion has a great potential to make ERT more time-efficient (up to 50%, depending on configuration sets) and flexible, as it allows to calculate nearly every arbitrary 4-point configuration in the given setup. Combined with optimization approaches like the ‘Compare R’ method, data sets can also be adapted for specific (archaeological) questions or conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"375-394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1965","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical and Documentary Topography of a Medieval Silver Valley: Detection of Workshops and Identification of Their Function","authors":"Céline Tomczyk,&nbsp;Alain Bernat,&nbsp;Jérôme Belmon,&nbsp;Nicolas Minvielle Larousse","doi":"10.1002/arp.1963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1963","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents the interdisciplinary investigation (archaeology, geochemistry, history) of a medieval silver and lead production site located in southern France, in the Minier valley (Occitanie, Aveyron, Le-Viala-du-Tarn). In order to identify the production sites, in situ geochemical surveys were carried out using a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and differential GPS, guided on the analysis of medieval archival sources. The cartographic representation of the metal concentrations in the surface horizons shows significant enrichment of zinc and lead in the vicinity of the mines. This first type of enrichment makes it possible to highlight the activities of separation of sphalerite and silver-bearing galena. The galena thus isolated on the hillsides is then transported to the vicinity of watercourses, where it is crushed, washed, and smelted. These secondary activities result in a last type of enrichment in which only lead is found in large quantities. The cross-referencing of the information made it possible to overcome the challenges related to the location of the mineral processing workshops, which were often invisible on the surface. The medieval workshops have been located and a function suggested, outlining the first trends in the spatial and social division of labour and providing a solid corpus for future archaeological excavations. Finally, this study highlights the persistence of significant metal contamination in the soils of a rural valley and encourages the consideration of former mining areas when examining the environmental impact of metal production.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"345-374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1963","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Does Visibility Count? An Open Data-Driven Approach to Compare the Use of Ground Visibility in Archaeological Field-Walking Surveys in the Mediterranean Region","authors":"Néhémie Strupler","doi":"10.1002/arp.1964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1964","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is a common agreement among archaeologists that assessing visibility in the field is essential to measure the accuracy of their observations. Archaeologists widely expect that low visibility negatively impacts the recovery rate of artefacts and sites during field-walking surveys. However, they hold fundamentally divergent opinions on using recorded visibility values and on whether or how to weight the results. In this paper, I undertake a review and comparison of ground visibility assessments from three archaeological field-walking surveys conducted in the eastern Mediterranean, all of which have published their data. Capitalizing on the availability of open data, I recode and analyse the algorithms employed in these surveys. The results highlight the impacts of weighting techniques, and I compare the maps produced with and without weighting. In all cases, the corrections do not substantially change the interpretations of the results at the scale of site identification. As such, this data-driven experiment contributes to the ongoing debate on how to compare effectively and integrate data from various survey projects to study regional trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"329-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Method Structural Investigation of the Schneiderberg–Baalberge Burial Mound (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany) Including Seismic Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI)","authors":"Manuel Zolchow,&nbsp;Daniel Köhn,&nbsp;Dennis Wilken,&nbsp;Ercan Erkul,&nbsp;Stefan Dreibrodt,&nbsp;Natalie Pickartz,&nbsp;Erica Corradini,&nbsp;Johannes Müller,&nbsp;Wolfgang Rabbel","doi":"10.1002/arp.1961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1961","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The construction history and subsequent usage of burial mounds are an important testimony for socio-economic transformation in prehistoric societies. The Baalberge–Schneiderberg burial mound, subject of the presented study, falls in this category as it is considered as an important monument that indicates the emergence of early social stratification during the Chalcolithic period in central Europe. This hypothesis relies on the chronological development of the burial mound, which is not fully understood until now. Therefore, a reconstruction of the complex stratigraphy of the burial mound including construction phases and later alterations is highly relevant for archaeological research, but the required excavations would be onerous and inconsistent with preservation efforts. In this paper, we demonstrate that non-invasive geophysical prospection, especially seismic sounding with shear and Love waves, is suitable to obtain the required stratigraphic information, if seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) and reflection imaging are applied. Complementary information on the preservation state of the mound is obtained through Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) measurements. To support the seismic and geoelectric results, we utilize Dynamic Testing (DynP), geoarchaeological corings, ¹⁴C-Dating and archaeological records. Our investigations reveal two construction phases of the Baalberge–Schneiderberg mound. The ¹⁴C-Dating yields dates for the older burial mound that are contemporary to the Chalcolithic Baalberge group (4000–3400 <span>bc</span>). During the Early Bronze Age (EBA), the mound was enlarged to its final size by people of the Aunjetitz/Únětice society (2300–1600 <span>bc</span>). However, both seismic and geoelectric depth sections show an extensive disturbance of the original stratigraphy due to former excavations. For this reason, the exact shape of the older burial mound cannot be determined exactly. Based on our data, we estimate that its height was below 2 m. In consequence, the original Baalberge burial mound was less monumental as until now assumed, which potentially prompting a revision of its significance as indicator for social differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 1","pages":"209-234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}