Archaeological Prospection最新文献

{"title":"Using Pole–Pole Measurements to Calculate Arbitrary 4-Point Configurations—An Approach to Make Electrical Resistivity Tomography More Flexible and Time-Efficient","authors":"Simon Levin Fischer,&nbsp;Ercan Erkul,&nbsp;Michael Gräber,&nbsp;Wolfgang Rabbel","doi":"10.1002/arp.1965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1965","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is nowadays widely used in archaeological prospection. This study deals with an approach to make ERT more time-efficient and flexible. It is based on calculating arbitrary 4-point configurations by superposition of multiple pole–pole measurements. Investigating its applicability for archaeological purposes is the objective of this work. To do so, a synthetic study and a case study are conducted to gain insights into effects of nonideal field conditions, noise susceptibility and other challenges during processing and interpretation. Remains of an early modern manor in Noer served as an exemplary object of investigation. Their high resistivity contrast in relation to the surrounding soil makes them ideal for a functionality test. Beforehand, ground penetrating radar measurements were carried out to constrain the forward model used in the synthetic study. It turns out that the pole–pole conversion is well applicable for archaeological prospection under some conditions. The synthetic study shows that the approach is relatively prone to systematic errors. Therefore, it is recommended to locate the external electrodes at a distance of at least 0.7 times (preferably 1.7 times) the maximum internal electrode spacing from the area of investigation. Other error sources like nonideal electrode coupling must be excluded to keep relative noise levels below 1%. The pole–pole conversion can be considered reliable for absolute noise levels below 0.3 mV. Therefore, an A/D converter resolution of, for example, 16-bit should be sufficient for a dynamic range of ±10 V. If all conditions are met, the pole–pole conversion has a great potential to make ERT more time-efficient (up to 50%, depending on configuration sets) and flexible, as it allows to calculate nearly every arbitrary 4-point configuration in the given setup. Combined with optimization approaches like the ‘Compare R’ method, data sets can also be adapted for specific (archaeological) questions or conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"375-394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1965","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical and Documentary Topography of a Medieval Silver Valley: Detection of Workshops and Identification of Their Function","authors":"Céline Tomczyk,&nbsp;Alain Bernat,&nbsp;Jérôme Belmon,&nbsp;Nicolas Minvielle Larousse","doi":"10.1002/arp.1963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1963","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents the interdisciplinary investigation (archaeology, geochemistry, history) of a medieval silver and lead production site located in southern France, in the Minier valley (Occitanie, Aveyron, Le-Viala-du-Tarn). In order to identify the production sites, in situ geochemical surveys were carried out using a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and differential GPS, guided on the analysis of medieval archival sources. The cartographic representation of the metal concentrations in the surface horizons shows significant enrichment of zinc and lead in the vicinity of the mines. This first type of enrichment makes it possible to highlight the activities of separation of sphalerite and silver-bearing galena. The galena thus isolated on the hillsides is then transported to the vicinity of watercourses, where it is crushed, washed, and smelted. These secondary activities result in a last type of enrichment in which only lead is found in large quantities. The cross-referencing of the information made it possible to overcome the challenges related to the location of the mineral processing workshops, which were often invisible on the surface. The medieval workshops have been located and a function suggested, outlining the first trends in the spatial and social division of labour and providing a solid corpus for future archaeological excavations. Finally, this study highlights the persistence of significant metal contamination in the soils of a rural valley and encourages the consideration of former mining areas when examining the environmental impact of metal production.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"345-374"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1963","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Does Visibility Count? An Open Data-Driven Approach to Compare the Use of Ground Visibility in Archaeological Field-Walking Surveys in the Mediterranean Region","authors":"Néhémie Strupler","doi":"10.1002/arp.1964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1964","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is a common agreement among archaeologists that assessing visibility in the field is essential to measure the accuracy of their observations. Archaeologists widely expect that low visibility negatively impacts the recovery rate of artefacts and sites during field-walking surveys. However, they hold fundamentally divergent opinions on using recorded visibility values and on whether or how to weight the results. In this paper, I undertake a review and comparison of ground visibility assessments from three archaeological field-walking surveys conducted in the eastern Mediterranean, all of which have published their data. Capitalizing on the availability of open data, I recode and analyse the algorithms employed in these surveys. The results highlight the impacts of weighting techniques, and I compare the maps produced with and without weighting. In all cases, the corrections do not substantially change the interpretations of the results at the scale of site identification. As such, this data-driven experiment contributes to the ongoing debate on how to compare effectively and integrate data from various survey projects to study regional trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"329-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1964","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Method Structural Investigation of the Schneiderberg–Baalberge Burial Mound (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany) Including Seismic Full-Waveform Inversion (FWI)","authors":"Manuel Zolchow,&nbsp;Daniel Köhn,&nbsp;Dennis Wilken,&nbsp;Ercan Erkul,&nbsp;Stefan Dreibrodt,&nbsp;Natalie Pickartz,&nbsp;Erica Corradini,&nbsp;Johannes Müller,&nbsp;Wolfgang Rabbel","doi":"10.1002/arp.1961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1961","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The construction history and subsequent usage of burial mounds are an important testimony for socio-economic transformation in prehistoric societies. The Baalberge–Schneiderberg burial mound, subject of the presented study, falls in this category as it is considered as an important monument that indicates the emergence of early social stratification during the Chalcolithic period in central Europe. This hypothesis relies on the chronological development of the burial mound, which is not fully understood until now. Therefore, a reconstruction of the complex stratigraphy of the burial mound including construction phases and later alterations is highly relevant for archaeological research, but the required excavations would be onerous and inconsistent with preservation efforts. In this paper, we demonstrate that non-invasive geophysical prospection, especially seismic sounding with shear and Love waves, is suitable to obtain the required stratigraphic information, if seismic full waveform inversion (FWI) and reflection imaging are applied. Complementary information on the preservation state of the mound is obtained through Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Electromagnetic Induction (EMI) measurements. To support the seismic and geoelectric results, we utilize Dynamic Testing (DynP), geoarchaeological corings, ¹⁴C-Dating and archaeological records. Our investigations reveal two construction phases of the Baalberge–Schneiderberg mound. The ¹⁴C-Dating yields dates for the older burial mound that are contemporary to the Chalcolithic Baalberge group (4000–3400 <span>bc</span>). During the Early Bronze Age (EBA), the mound was enlarged to its final size by people of the Aunjetitz/Únětice society (2300–1600 <span>bc</span>). However, both seismic and geoelectric depth sections show an extensive disturbance of the original stratigraphy due to former excavations. For this reason, the exact shape of the older burial mound cannot be determined exactly. Based on our data, we estimate that its height was below 2 m. In consequence, the original Baalberge burial mound was less monumental as until now assumed, which potentially prompting a revision of its significance as indicator for social differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 1","pages":"209-234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of UAS Photogrammetry and Thermal Sensors for Identifying Locations and Understanding Functions of Puebloan Gravel Mulch Fields in Northern New Mexico","authors":"Kaitlyn E. Davis,&nbsp;Carla E. Klehm,&nbsp;Malcolm Williamson","doi":"10.1002/arp.1962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1962","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article presents results from an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) aerial remote sensing study to improve understanding of Pueblo agricultural features in the Northern Rio Grande area of New Mexico that were in use by the 13th century <span>ad</span>. It builds on previous archaeological research that has focused on recording precontact and historic Pueblo agricultural practices, pollen analyses and paleoclimatic reconstruction. Evidence suggests that Pueblo people were successfully growing crops including maize, cotton and wheat, in areas where, based on environmental conditions, they could not necessarily grow. This study seeks to better understand the environmental modifications employed by Pueblo peoples to enable growth of these crops. Cobble-bordered gravel mulch field systems, thought to retain heat and moisture, are located throughout the study area. This article discusses the utility of airborne photogrammetry to locate and map gravel mulch fields on the landscape. Geographic information system (GIS) analysis of the UAS-derived digital surface model includes slope, aspect and water flow direction and sink to shed light on gravel mulch field function. The article also discusses the potential of handheld and airborne infrared imaging for assessing the thermoregulation of these fields. Final consideration of how the survey results align with the priorities of the Tewa people for future arid-land farming demonstrates additional utility of the approach.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"313-327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144197004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing the Internal Structure of the Great Tumulus of Apollonia by Means of Seismic Tomography","authors":"Petros Bogiatzis,&nbsp;George Vargemezis,&nbsp;Gregory Tsokas,&nbsp;Eftychia Amanatidou,&nbsp;Alexandra Karamitrou,&nbsp;Marios Karaoulis","doi":"10.1002/arp.1960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1960","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Great Tumulus of Apollonia in northern Greece, with a diameter of ~100 m and a height of 19 m, is among the largest of its kind in the region of the ancient kingdom of Macedonia. It is located north of the ancient city of Apollonia and recently became the focus of limited archaeological excavations, which revealed a looted Macedonian tomb. Archaeological findings and other evidence from the tumulus and its surroundings suggest that it may have been used more than once; therefore, the existence of more tombs in its interior is possible. In this work, we investigate the internal structure of the monument by means of 3-D seismic travel time tomography. Using direct sparse methods, we calculate efficiently the full model resolution matrix that allows us to investigate the robustness of the tomographic model. Our results suggest a complex structure with variable properties between the east and the western side of the tumulus. We also detect several regions that may be associated with additional burial locations or other possible targets of archaeological interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 1","pages":"235-246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1960","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Detection of Hillforts in Remote Sensing Imagery With Deep Multimodal Segmentation","authors":"Daniel Canedo,&nbsp;João Fonte,&nbsp;Rita Dias,&nbsp;Tiago do Pereiro,&nbsp;Luís Gonçalves-Seco,&nbsp;Marta Vázquez,&nbsp;Petia Georgieva,&nbsp;António J. R. Neves","doi":"10.1002/arp.1958","DOIUrl":"10.1002/arp.1958","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent advancements in remote sensing and artificial intelligence can potentially revolutionize the automated detection of archaeological sites. However, the challenging task of interpreting remote sensing imagery combined with the intricate shapes of archaeological sites can hinder the performance of computer vision systems. This work presents a computer vision system trained for efficient hillfort detection in remote sensing imagery. Equipped with an adapted multimodal semantic segmentation model, the system integrates LiDAR-derived LRM images and aerial orthoimages for feature fusion, generating a binary mask pinpointing detected hillforts. Post-processing includes margin and area filters to remove edge inferences and smaller anomalies. The resulting inferences are subjected to hard positive and negative mining, where expert archaeologists classify them to populate the training data with new samples for retraining the segmentation model. As the computer vision system is far more likely to encounter background images during its search, the training data are intentionally biased towards negative examples. This approach aims to reduce the number of false positives, typically seen when applying machine learning solutions to remote sensing imagery. Northwest Iberia experiments witnessed a drastic reduction in false positives, from 5678 to 40 after a single hard positive and negative mining iteration, yielding a 99.3% reduction, with a resulting F₁ score of 66%. In England experiments, the system achieved a 59% F₁ score when fine-tuned and deployed countrywide. Its scalability to diverse archaeological sites is demonstrated by successfully detecting hillforts and other types of enclosures despite their typical complex and varied shapes. Future work will explore archaeological predictive modelling to identify regions with higher archaeological potential to focus the search, addressing processing time challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"297-311"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1958","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining Photogrammetry and Subsurface Geophysics to Improve Historical Knowledge of Romanesque Churches in Normandy, France: Case Study of the Notre-Dame-du-Val Chapel","authors":"Cyrille Fauchard,&nbsp;Laure Aillaud,&nbsp;Astrid Legrand,&nbsp;Vincent Guilbert,&nbsp;Cyril Ledun,&nbsp;Bruno Beaucamp,&nbsp;Raphael Antoine","doi":"10.1002/arp.1957","DOIUrl":"10.1002/arp.1957","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study presents the results of aerial and geophysical measurements carried out on the Notre-Dame-du-Val chapel in Sotteville-sur-Mer (Normandy, France), a former leprosarium dating from the 15th century; the chapel is now deconsecrated and has been showing signs of ageing in recent years. Restoration work is planned, and geophysical investigations of the area around the chapel have been commissioned. In this article, we propose a robust methodology combining aerial and terrestrial measurements in the visible range with surface prospecting methods. Compiling all the measurements within a perfectly georeferenced 3D model allows the joint analysis of the results of different physical measurement methods to provide unexpected architectural and archaeological information. Photos were taken from the ground and using a drone to build photogrammetric models of the interior and exterior of the chapel. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) were the two survey methods deployed in the area surrounding the chapel. The geophysical measurements clearly reveal traces of apses—which have now disappeared—at the crossing of what would have been the building's transept, which match up with the filled-in openings that are present. The existence of these apses can only be assumed from inside the chapel. The resistivity anomalies are perfectly correlated with the radar anomalies and allow new hypotheses to be formulated about the original structure of the chapel. Finally, mapping the local geology of the surroundings based on a geophysical survey provides crucial information about the history of the church's construction. Bringing this unknown architectural element to light and carrying out precise mapping of the local geology surrounding the chapel constitute a major breakthrough, as this will make it possible to improve our knowledge of the history of the chapel, in particular its origins, through research based on archaeological surveys.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"281-296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tackling the Thorny Dilemma of Mapping Southeastern Sicily's Coastal Archaeology Beneath Dense Mediterranean Vegetation: A Drone-Based LiDAR Approach","authors":"Dario Calderone,&nbsp;Nicola Lercari,&nbsp;Davide Tanasi,&nbsp;Dennis Busch,&nbsp;Ryan Hom,&nbsp;Rosa Lanteri","doi":"10.1002/arp.1956","DOIUrl":"10.1002/arp.1956","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Airborne laser scanning (ALS), commonly known as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), is a remote sensing technique that enables transformative archaeological research by providing high-density 3D representations of landscapes and sites covered by vegetation whose analysis reveals hidden features and structures. ALS can detect targets under trees and grasslands, making it an ideal archaeological survey and mapping tool. ALS instruments are usually mounted on piloted aircraft. However, since the mid-2010s, smaller laser scanners can be mounted on uncrewed aerial vehicles or drones. In this article, we examined the viability of drone-based ALS for archaeological applications by utilizing a RIEGL VUX-UAV²² sensor to capture point clouds with high spatial resolution at the archaeological site of Heloros in Southeastern Sicily, founded by the Greeks in the late eighth century <span>bce</span>. Using this laser scanner, we surveyed over 1.6 km² of the archaeological landscape, producing datasets that outperformed noncommercial airborne ALS data for the region made available by the Italian government. We produced derivative imagery free of vegetation, which we visualized in GIS using a modified Local Relief Model technique to aid our archaeological analyses. Our findings demonstrate that drone-based ALS can penetrate the dense Mediterranean canopy of coastal Sicily with sufficient point density to enable more efficient mapping of underlying archaeological features such as stone quarries, cart tracks, defensive towers and fortification walls. Our study proved that drone-based ALS sensors can be easily transported to remote locations and that in-house lab staff can safely operate them, which enables multiple on-demand surveys and opportunistic collections to be conducted on the fly when environmental conditions are ideal. We conclude that these capabilities further increase the benefits of utilizing ALS for surveying the archaeological landscape under the Mediterranean canopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 1","pages":"139-158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1956","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Needle in a Haystack: Landscape Survey and Archaeological Detection Experiments in Apalachee Bay","authors":"Simon Fitch,&nbsp;Jessica Cook Hale","doi":"10.1002/arp.1959","DOIUrl":"10.1002/arp.1959","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents the results of a pilot landscape-scale seismic survey undertaken in Apalachee Bay, Florida, across a submerged landscape that contains dozens of Pre-Contact sites. In addition to the goals of improving the geophysical and remote sensing ground model for this submerged landscape, the survey also sought to undertake the first independent scientific test of the contentious ‘HALD’ methodology, an acoustic resonance method that it is claimed to identify knapped lithic artefacts at and/or below the seabed through the identification of distinct ‘haystack’ responses. The results of this work indicate that the HALD method, as currently described, produces results that could not be scientifically replicated in this survey. We conclude that any HALD ‘haystack’ signal should therefore not be considered as an example of detection of human-modified lithic material but rather as a geophysical anomaly that requires additional constraints before it can be used to reliably identify human-modified lithic materials. Thus, although the authors note that laboratory studies have successfully produced an acoustic signal in human-modified lithics, the field-based methods remain yet to be reliably determined. In addition to these results, the landscape mapping survey also recorded valuable information on buried and previously unrecorded landscape features that have archaeological significance and that may guide future site prospection. We therefore conclude that despite the results of the HALD test, the well-preserved submerged landscape of Apalachee Bay region provides a highly useful testing ground for methods that can be deployed elsewhere globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":55490,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Prospection","volume":"32 2","pages":"263-280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/arp.1959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142214135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}