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How to diagnose IgE-mediated food allergy. 如何诊断 IgE 介导的食物过敏。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-325938
Jay Lieberman, Antonella Muraro, Michael Blaiss
{"title":"How to diagnose IgE-mediated food allergy.","authors":"Jay Lieberman, Antonella Muraro, Michael Blaiss","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-325938","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-325938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy is an immune response, typically to a food protein. Accurate diagnosis reduces unnecessary dietary restrictions and economic and psychological burden on patients and caregivers but relies on a rigorous clinical history, specific IgE diagnostic tests and, where needed, oral food challenge. Increased awareness is needed around which patients to test for IgE-mediated food allergy, as well as terms commonly associated with IgE-mediated food allergy testing, in order to optimise patient diagnosis and management. Herein, we describe approaches to diagnosis of IgE-mediated food allergy, appropriate interpretation of results and risks of overtesting.</p>","PeriodicalId":55471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition","volume":" ","pages":"247-251"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fifteen-minute consultation: Group A streptococcal pharyngitis, diagnosis and treatment in children. 十五分钟会诊：儿童 A 组链球菌咽炎、诊断和治疗。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-325755
Amanda Taylor, Rachel Webb
{"title":"Fifteen-minute consultation: Group A streptococcal pharyngitis, diagnosis and treatment in children.","authors":"Amanda Taylor, Rachel Webb","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-325755","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-325755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Group A streptococcus (GAS) is the most common bacterial cause of pharyngitis in children. GAS causes significant suppurative and non-suppurative complications including invasive GAS disease and acute rheumatic fever. This article describes the current epidemiology and clinical presentation of GAS pharyngitis and explores how diagnostic and treatment decisions differ globally. Several key decision support tools are discussed including international guidelines, clinical decision scores and laboratory tests along with the evidence for treatment choice and duration. With recent international reports describing an increase in GAS infections, clinicians should be familiar with their local GAS pharyngitis guidelines and the rationale for diagnosis and treatment of this common childhood illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":55471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition","volume":" ","pages":"210-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fifteen-minute consultation: Assessment of pain in a non-verbal child. 十五分钟咨询：评估无语言能力儿童的疼痛。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326330
Anne Haddick, Sam Thompson, Claire Lundy
{"title":"Fifteen-minute consultation: Assessment of pain in a non-verbal child.","authors":"Anne Haddick, Sam Thompson, Claire Lundy","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-326330","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-326330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In both inpatient and outpatient settings, clinicians will encounter patients with pain. This consultation is further complicated if the child is non-verbal. This article aims to equip the clinician with tools to assess these patients comprehensively and develop an appropriate management plan. It will take the clinician through the important aspects of a comprehensive history from the caregiver, thorough examination, importance of understanding how the child communicates and pain assessment tools to consider.</p>","PeriodicalId":55471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition","volume":" ","pages":"228-232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139503216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unusual cause of hypoxia. 不寻常的缺氧原因。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326480
Aoife Ryan, Anne Devenny, Timothy John Bradnock, Atul Sabharwal, Seamus Culshaw, Greg Irwin, Ross John Langley
{"title":"Unusual cause of hypoxia.","authors":"Aoife Ryan, Anne Devenny, Timothy John Bradnock, Atul Sabharwal, Seamus Culshaw, Greg Irwin, Ross John Langley","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-326480","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-326480","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition","volume":" ","pages":"256-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Implementation of a group coaching initiative for paediatric trainees approaching career transitions. 为即将面临职业转型的儿科受训人员实施集体辅导计划。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-325389
Sarah Davies, Jonathan Round, Saranya Ravindran, Sheena Bailey, Angela Skidmore, Hina Pattani, Trisha Radia
{"title":"Implementation of a group coaching initiative for paediatric trainees approaching career transitions.","authors":"Sarah Davies, Jonathan Round, Saranya Ravindran, Sheena Bailey, Angela Skidmore, Hina Pattani, Trisha Radia","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-325389","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-325389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition","volume":" ","pages":"252-255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fifteen-minute consultation: Management of mammalian bites in children-from local wound care to prophylactic antibiotics. 十五分钟咨询：儿童被哺乳动物咬伤后的处理--从局部伤口护理到预防性抗生素。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326403
Anais Lucile Schneider, Céline Ritter Schenk, Petra Zimmermann
{"title":"Fifteen-minute consultation: Management of mammalian bites in children-from local wound care to prophylactic antibiotics.","authors":"Anais Lucile Schneider, Céline Ritter Schenk, Petra Zimmermann","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-326403","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-326403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal and human bites are a common reason for emergency consultation, especially in children. The most common complication of bite wounds is local infection. Systemic infections are much rarer. The key in reducing the risk of infection after a mammalian bite is local wound management with either primary or delayed closure. The benefit of administering prophylactic antibiotics is controversial.In this review, we provide a summary of the current evidence for the management of mammalian bites in children, including recommendations for appropriate investigations, wound management, administration of prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotics and the prevention of systemic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":55471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition","volume":" ","pages":"222-227"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140051140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What is cystic fibrosis screen positive inconclusive diagnosis? And what is it not? 什么是囊性纤维化筛查阳性不确诊？什么不是？
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326767
Emily Devoy, Dominic Hughes, Asma Falah Alharbi, Jacqueline Francis, Jane C Davies
{"title":"What is cystic fibrosis screen positive inconclusive diagnosis? And what is it not?","authors":"Emily Devoy, Dominic Hughes, Asma Falah Alharbi, Jacqueline Francis, Jane C Davies","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-326767","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-326767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since screening for cystic fibrosis (CF) was incorporated into the newborn screening program, the number of recognised variants in the <i>CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR</i>) gene has significantly increased. This has led to the discovery of combinations of gene variants with an uncertain prognosis. One outcome is the designation of 'cystic fibrosis screen positive inconclusive diagnosis' (CFSPID). While the majority of these children are expected to be unaffected by their <i>CFTR</i> variants, a small proportion have been seen to develop symptoms or increasing sweat chloride levels over time, which may reflect dysfunction of the CFTR protein.As the number of children with CFSPID increases, paediatricians and those working in primary care are more likely to encounter them in their practice. It is important that professionals have an understanding of CFSPID: what it is and, importantly, what it is not (ie, they do not have CF). In this article, we hope to explore this using some example cases, illustrating the ways in which these children may present symptomatically and how to manage them.</p>","PeriodicalId":55471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition","volume":" ","pages":"237-241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What should I consider when prescribing semaglutide for children living with obesity? 在为肥胖症儿童开具塞马鲁肽处方时，我应该考虑哪些因素？
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2024-327412
Elizabeth Van Boxel, David Lim, Emma Lee, Christine Desmond, Nikki Davis
{"title":"What should I consider when prescribing semaglutide for children living with obesity?","authors":"Elizabeth Van Boxel, David Lim, Emma Lee, Christine Desmond, Nikki Davis","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2024-327412","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Guideline review: BSACI guideline for the set-up of penicillin allergy delabelling services by non-allergists working in a hospital setting. 指南回顾：BSACI 关于在医院环境中工作的非过敏学家设立青霉素过敏脱敏服务的指南。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-326643
Callum Tipton, Dilshad Marikar
{"title":"Guideline review: BSACI guideline for the set-up of penicillin allergy delabelling services by non-allergists working in a hospital setting.","authors":"Callum Tipton, Dilshad Marikar","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2023-326643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2023-326643","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Challenging case of hypernatraemia in infancy. 婴儿高钠血症疑难病例。
IF 1.1 4区 医学
Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2024-327310
Katherine Hawton, Louise Galloway, Matthew Harmer, Anitha Kumaran, Mira Kharbanda, Caroline Platt, Toby Candler
{"title":"Challenging case of hypernatraemia in infancy.","authors":"Katherine Hawton, Louise Galloway, Matthew Harmer, Anitha Kumaran, Mira Kharbanda, Caroline Platt, Toby Candler","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2024-327310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2024-327310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 1-month-old male infant presented unwell with a fever and shock. Blood tests showed hypernatraemia, hyperchloraemia and raised urea and creatinine. Initially, he was treated for dehydration secondary to sepsis. However, high urine output combined with low urine osmolality and high plasma osmolality was suggestive of a disorder of arginine vasopressin (AVP), previously called diabetes insipidus (DI). On further endocrine testing, thyroxine (T4) level was low with an inappropriately normal thyroid-stimulating hormone level with no other anterior pituitary hormone abnormalities, a normal MRI head and ophthalmological assessment. Desmopressin, a synthetic form of AVP, was commenced, however, there was an inadequate response despite dose escalation, leading to a diagnosis of AVP resistance (previously nephrogenic DI) rather than AVP deficiency (previously cranial DI). Copeptin, an AVP precursor peptide and surrogate marker, was significantly elevated. A renal tubulopathy genetic screen demonstrated a likely pathogenic hemizygous variant in the AVP receptor 2 gene, which has previously been associated with X-linked vasopressin resistance. This case demonstrates the challenge of differentiating between AVP deficiency and resistance in infancy and the value of copeptin and genetic testing in confirming diagnosis. We outline an approach to fluid management in AVP disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":55471,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood-Education and Practice Edition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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