{"title":"Synergies or Trade-Offs Between Environmental and Economic Outcomes? An Analysis of Agricultural Production Performance","authors":"Wenhui Zhang, Xinli Ke, Vivian Wei Huang","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Incorporating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as an undesirable output of agricultural production in a directional distance function provides a better understanding of agricultural production performance. Based on balanced panel data from 126 prefecture-level regions in the Yangtze River Basin in China, we employed a quadratic directional output-oriented distance function to measure agricultural production performance in terms of environmental efficiency, relative shadow price of GHG emissions and Morishima elasticities of substitution between inputs. We found an upward trend, with average environmental efficiency of 0.871 during 2000–2020. This indicates that 12.9% more agricultural added value can be achieved, along with a 12.9% reduction in GHG emissions. Agricultural production in the upstream Yangtze River Basin region showed the best performance in terms of environmental efficiency. The estimated relative shadow price of GHG emissions was 4.606 and showed a negative association with environmental efficiency. Morishima elasticities of substitution indicated a substitution relationship of labour and fertiliser to land, and a strong complementary relationship between fertiliser and labour.</p>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"70 3","pages":"781-796"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8489.70146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economics of GHG Mitigation in Agriculture: Incentive Design, Economic Benefits and Behavioural Responses","authors":"Wei Zhang, Jeffery Connor","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.70138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This special issue examines the economics of greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation in agriculture. The papers in the issue study agricultural mitigation from three broad perspectives: the design of mitigation incentives, the economic benefits of mitigation practices and programmes, and the adoption and behavioural responses by producers, consumers and other stakeholders. The papers span a wide range of countries, production systems and policy contexts, and collectively show that translating mitigation potential into mitigation outcomes depends critically on incentive design, measurement and the actions across producers, consumers, regulators and supply-chain actors.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"70 3","pages":"591-596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Including Harvested Grain Biogenic CO2 to Address a Critical Flaw in Climate Accounting","authors":"Richard S. Gray","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The international climate accounting system excludes both the biogenic CO<sub>2</sub> sequestered in harvested crops and the biogenic CO<sub>2</sub> emissions that occur when grain is digested or burned as biofuel. Despite being described in the literature as a critical flaw in climate accounting all parties within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change continue to treat these large biogenic CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes as carbon-neutral activities, while analysis of the accounting issue remains largely absent from the extensive literature examining international carbon leakage and GHG mitigation policy. Using a partial-equilibrium trade model, I analyse the economic implications of measuring harvested-grain biogenic CO<sub>2</sub> and find in the presence of traded grain and internationally heterogeneous GHG mitigation policy, measurement would change optimal domestic agricultural GHG mitigation policy. Given estimated CO<sub>2</sub> damage costs of $185/t, the unmeasured external biogenic benefit from grain production, and the unmeasured external biogenic cost from grain consumption, are equal in magnitude to the price of grain. Including the biogenic harvested-grain CO<sub>2</sub> in Canada's national inventory reduces measured emissions by 80 million tonnes per year. The size of these effects suggest that the measurement of harvested-grain biogenic CO<sub>2</sub> could be extremely consequential for the design of optimal GHG mitigation policy.</p><p><b>JEL Classifications</b>: Q15, Q54</p>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"70 3","pages":"661-673"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8489.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adoption of Minimum Tillage and Mid-Season Drainage in Rice Production and Their Impacts on Farm and Economic Performance","authors":"Hongyun Zheng, Wanglin Ma","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper investigates the effects of two greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation practices—minimum tillage and mid-season drainage—on rice farmers' farm performance (e.g., crop yield and risk) and economic outcomes (e.g., income and vulnerability). Minimum tillage reduces carbon dioxide emissions by preserving soil carbon and lowering machinery energy use, while mid-season drainage reduces methane emissions by interrupting anaerobic conditions in rice paddies. We employ a multinomial endogenous switching regression model to analyse survey data collected from rice farmers in China. The results show that adopting mid-season drainage alone significantly increases rice yield, while adopting minimum tillage—alone or combined with mid-season drainage—reduces yield variance. In addition, adoption of either practice or both, substantially improves yield skewness, raises household income and reduces vulnerability to poverty. The findings highlight that promoting GHG mitigation practices like minimum tillage and mid-season drainage requires emphasising their benefits in reducing production risks and poverty vulnerability, alongside their environmental impact, to encourage broader adoption among farmers.</p>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"70 3","pages":"711-722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8489.70063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148695778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Johnny Machon, Christophe d'Abbadie, Ross Kingwell
{"title":"Emission Reporting for Agriculture: Frameworks and Metrics Matter","authors":"Johnny Machon, Christophe d'Abbadie, Ross Kingwell","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.70112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Frameworks and metrics that reliably describe agricultural emission sources and carbon sinks are critical to the formulation of cost-effective mitigation investment. This study identifies and compares three distinct emission reporting frameworks across metrics of total emissions and emissions intensity. The frameworks and metrics are applied to agricultural industries in Western Australia. Findings for 2005 and 2023 and the trends and uncertainties over the intervening period are reported. This study novelly considers a framework that includes emissions and sequestration from land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) activities at an industry scale. Most of Western Australia's agricultural emissions occur in the beef, sheep and grains industries, which also dominate agricultural land use. The emissions intensity of the grains industry in particular is highly sensitive to the inclusion of LULUCF activities. While large uncertainties surround emissions and sequestration from LULUCF activities, there are indications that the effect of LULUCF on emissions has changed considerably over time. We conclude it is preferable not to rely solely on one framework or one reporting metric. We highlight that more research is needed to lessen uncertainties surrounding LULUCF activities by agricultural industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"70 3","pages":"674-685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8489.70112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grant Edward Gardner, Gabriel S. Sampson, Shuoli Zhao
{"title":"Misalignment in Carbon Credit Programmes: Insights From Producer Preferences for Cover Crop and No-Till Contracts","authors":"Grant Edward Gardner, Gabriel S. Sampson, Shuoli Zhao","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines the factors influencing producer adoption of cover cropping and no-till farming, two key carbon sequestration practices, within the context of voluntary carbon credit programmes (CCPs) in Kansas. Using a mixed-methods survey that combines discrete choice experiments with farm-level data from 370 producers, we estimate random-parameter latent class models to assess preferences over contract design, payment levels and agri-environmental constraints. Findings reveal substantial misalignments between current CCP structures and producer needs: nearly half of respondents consistently rejected all contract offers, while those most willing to enrol were often already using the promoted practices, raising concerns about the additionality of these initiatives. Key barriers include long contract durations, insufficient payments and agri-environmental limitations such as drought and wheat-based rotations. These results highlight the need for more flexible, regionally tailored carbon programmes and provide actionable insights for policymakers seeking to enhance the adoption and climate impact of agricultural carbon sequestration initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"70 3","pages":"814-830"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8489.70081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Petros Suzgo Kayovo Mkandawire, Dela-Dem Doe Fiankor, Bernhard Brümmer
{"title":"Targeted Trade Policy Instruments and Climate Change Mitigation: The Case of Environmental Provisions in Trade Agreements","authors":"Petros Suzgo Kayovo Mkandawire, Dela-Dem Doe Fiankor, Bernhard Brümmer","doi":"10.1111/1467-8489.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.70057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines the effect of including environmental provisions (EPs) in preferential trade agreements (PTAs) on climate change mitigation and explores whether these effects vary based on the heterogeneity of the EPs. Our analysis combines country-level data on climate change mitigation with details on 300 types of EPs in 775 trade agreements. Empirically, we estimate a generalised method of moments regression and address potential endogeneity using instrumental variables. Our results show that the inclusion of EPs in PTAs significantly improves climate change mitigation, regardless of whether we measure performance using the Climate Change Performance Index, the Environmental Performance Index or CO<sub>2</sub> emissions data. The effectiveness of these provisions, however, depends on their diversity. Key benefits include reduced greenhouse gas emissions, increased renewable energy use, improved energy efficiency and enhanced climate policies. More importantly, PTAs with direct climate provisions yield greater improvements in climate change mitigation outcomes compared to those addressing environmental issues more generally or indirectly. Finally, we show that PTAs with climate change provisions are an effective tool for climate change mitigation, regardless of the development status of the signatories. However, the effects are more pronounced for North–South PTAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"70 3","pages":"642-660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1467-8489.70057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"70 2","pages":"275-276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148094109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"70 2","pages":"275-276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148064141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55427,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics","volume":"70 2","pages":"503-517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148064142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}