Baltic Forestry最新文献

{"title":"Microhabitat characteristics of brown bear den areas","authors":"D. Ugarković, N. Fabijanić, Kristijan Tomljanović, Davor Krmpotić, N. Ugarković","doi":"10.46490/bf495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46490/bf495","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the microhabitat, relief and forest structure characteristics of brown bear (Ursus arctos L.) cave dens and other types of dens in the North Dinarides (Velebit Nature Park) in Croatia. In total, 63 dens were identified, consisting of 89% cave dens and 11% other den types (nest dens 6%, stump dens 3%, trunk dens 2%). In the 20-meter radius around each den, the microhabitat, relief and structural characteristics were recorded, including altitude, slope, exposition, rockiness, forest developmental stage, canopy density, tree height, forest site index, tree basal area, and tree species composition. Based on altitude, the climatic category was determined according to the Köppen climate classification. Most cave dens (62%) were in the temperate climate, at altitudes between 900 and 1,100 m, with a southern exposition and slope class between 30 to 60%. The dens situate in partial canopy density of the third forest site index with tree heights between 16 and 20 m and without forest degradation. Slopes and tree heights were lower (p < 0.019) in cave den areas in comparison to other den types.","PeriodicalId":55404,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Forestry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43220913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of properties of graded density fiberboard produced from wood residues (sawdust and corrugated paper)","authors":"O. Ohwo, Ighoyivwi Onakpoma, Eduvie Okoromaraye","doi":"10.46490/bf494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46490/bf494","url":null,"abstract":"Reuse of materials from industrial and services waste streams is pertinent to achieving sustainable forest production. The enormous wood residues generated at sawmill and the disposal of wood-based products poses threat not only to sustenance of the forest resources but also has negative adverse effect on the environment. Limitation exists in the utilization of wood residues as raw material for panel board production in developing countries. This study examined the physical and mechanical properties of graded density fibreboards produced from varying mixture of sawdust and corrugated paper (pulp) at the Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN) in 2019. A 2×9 factorial experiment in one-way analysis of variance was used to test for significant difference between the factors (density and mixing ratio) considered. The results showed that densities of all boards produced varied relating to mixing proportions. The densities increased with increasing content of corrugated paper. Boards produced at 0.45 g/cm3 showed higher density (0.648 g/cm3), bending strength (MOR) (1.47 N/mm2) and lesser water absorption (118.69%) than those produced at 0.65 g/cm3 having values of 0.58 g/cm3, 1.32 N/mm2 and 153.67%, respectively. However, boards produced at 0.65 g/cm3 had higher elasticity in bending (MOE) (209.19 N/mm2) and lesser thickness swelling (6.29%) than those produced at 0.45 g/cm3 having values of 74.87 N/ mm2 and 10.88%, respectively. Panels G (mixing ratio = sawdust : corrugated paper : urea formaldehyde = 20 : 60 : 20), E (30 : 50 : 20) and I (0 : 70 : 20) showed superior features in physical and mechanical properties comparing with panel I being the best mixture. Conclusively, wood residues (sawdust and corrugated paper) are suitable raw materials for fibreboard production.","PeriodicalId":55404,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Forestry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43433226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil-forming processes in profile textural-differentiated forest soils of the Cis-Carpathian region, Ukraine","authors":"T. Yamelynets, Z. Pankiv, S. Malyk","doi":"10.46490/bf472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46490/bf472","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout the history of soil science development, one of the most controversial issues was the explanation of the genesis of the profile textural-differentiated soils influenced by forest vegetation and climate conditions within the Cis-Carpathian region, Ukraine. Scientists' views on the formation of the eluvial-illuvial, namely granulometric content, and profile differentiation have been and remain ambiguous due to the contradictory criteria of diagnosing the processes of eluvial soil degradation (lessivage, podzolization, eluvial-gleying process) and the almost similar results of these processes. The complexity and ambiguous interpretation of the genetic nature of the profile textural-differentiated soils of the Cis-Carpathian region necessitates the development of clear diagnostic criteria for revealing their genetic nature. The purpose of the work is to establish the diagnostic criteria of elementary soil-forming processes in profile textural-differentiated forest soils of the Cis-Carpathian region based on the analysis of data on soil properties previously collected by the authors. \u0000It has been established that in sod-podzolic soils formed under forest, the main profile-forming elementary process of soil formation is podzolization, which is characterized by the negative values of the eluvial-accumulative coefficients and the coefficient of change of the silicate part for the upper three horizons. The processes of lessivage and segregation are of little intensity in this type of soils. The main profile-forming elementary processes of soil formation in brown-podzolic soils (Neocambic Gleyic Retisols) are lessivage and inner soil argillization with little podzolization, the eluvial-gleying process and segregation effects. \u0000Keywords: forest soils, argillanes, neoplasms, ortsteins, podsolization, elementary soil-forming processes, Cis-Carpathian region","PeriodicalId":55404,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Forestry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43576857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using spatial data on habitat suitability in estimation of wild boar resources in Russia","authors":"A. Economov, V. Kolesnikov, V. Mashkin, A. Lissovsky","doi":"10.46490/bf486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46490/bf486","url":null,"abstract":"Wild boar is one of the most important hunting husbandry resources in Eurasian boreal and temperate forests. In Russia, these animals inhabit a large part of the territory; however, official bodies do not allow public access to relevant and unbiased regional statistics. In parallel with official figures, such statistics have been kept for decades by VNIIOZ (All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Hunting and Animal Breeding): the resource is estimated using the indirect method of recalculating multiple scores from independent respondents. We compared VNIIOZ long-term datasets with the wild boar habitat suitability distribution in the Russian territory to assess the reliability of these figures and to carry out a pilot evaluation of the need for their adjustment. Our results show a good correlation between the abundance assessment by VNIIOZ and habitat suitability (about 0.7); we also identified several regions where wild boar abundance indicators are sharply dissonant with the existing environmental capacity. We discussed the impact of man-made and natural factors on the population growth rate of wild boar in Russia.","PeriodicalId":55404,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Forestry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42345658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of coniferous plantations by bats in western Poland during summer","authors":"G. Apoznański, T. Kokurewicz, Justyna Błesznowska, Ewa Kwasiborska, T. Marszałek, M. Górska","doi":"10.46490/BF232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46490/BF232","url":null,"abstract":"Mixed commercial plantation forests often receive little or no attention in terms of conservation of protected habitats and species. This study was aimed at assessing the value of such habitats for bats. In July 2015 we used standardised mist netting in 11 locations within and near the Natura 2000 sites “Nietoperek” and “Buczyny Łagowsko-Sulecinskie” in western Poland. Particular attention was paid to mixed plantation forest, usually dominated by Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). Natural and protected habitats, i.e. riparian woodlands and beech forest were also investigated for comparison. In total 96 bats of 12 species were caught. The highest number of bats (15.0 individuals caught per night) and the highest biodiversity index (H´) was recorded in localities situated in mixed plantation forest. Contrary to common evaluation of this type of habitat, mixed plantation forest may serve important role for local bat populations by providing commuting corridors and possibly also foraging areas. Keywords: Barbastella barbastellus, bat conservation, coniferous plantations, Myotis myotis","PeriodicalId":55404,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Forestry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45660047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forms of Cooperation of Lithuanian Forest Owners: A Case Review","authors":"A. Pivoriūnas","doi":"10.46490/BF455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46490/BF455","url":null,"abstract":"There are many ways for private forest owners (PFOs) to manage their properties. One way is to manage it by oneself, to use the individual approach; however, our focus is on a cooperative solution, which, in many cases, is much more challenging due to the incorporation of multiple players and the structure of their forests, not to mention the needs and objectives related to forest management. Cooperative forest management has different forms, as shown by numerous socio-economic theoretical and empirical findings. This paper discusses how the traditional organisational forms of cooperation among Lithuanian forest owners are operating and more specifically, how they are adopting their performance in addressing the goals of forest management. A case study is used to show how cooperation among private forest owners has been developing in Lithuania over recent years and finds some new forms of cooperational management.","PeriodicalId":55404,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Forestry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48352148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling depth of drainage ditches in forested peatlands in Finland","authors":"H. Hökkä, Leena Stenberg, A. Laurén","doi":"10.46490/bf453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46490/bf453","url":null,"abstract":"Drainage ditches have been dug in peatlands and paludified forests in order to enhance forest growth in an area of 4.7 M ha in Finland. Because of peat subsidence, bank erosion, sedimentation, and ingrowth of vegetation ditches deteriorate with time. In this study the shallowing of ditch depth over time was investigated on the basis of country-wide peatland inventory data measured repeatedly up to four times. Mixed linear models were constructed separately for original ditches and maintained ditches (cleaned once or twice). After 20 years the ditches were 20-30 cm shallower than right after the digging. Time since digging was the most important variable explaining the shallowing for both original and maintained ditches. Other variables explaining the ditch shallowing were the digging method (excavator, plow), ditch bed slope, location, and peat layer thickness. The average development of maintained and original excavator ditches was very similar. The results can be used in assessing decision making concerning ditch cleaning.","PeriodicalId":55404,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Forestry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45085489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Benefits of recreation in Poland on the example of the “Nad Tanwią” Nature Reserve","authors":"A. Mandziuk","doi":"10.46490/bf407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46490/bf407","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of valuable natural areas is assessed through the prism of benefits derived from all the functions performed by them, among which tourist and recreational functions play an increasingly important role. The comparison of benefits and costs related to the provision of recreational services has an impact on the learning of tools used to assess tourist investments. The main purpose of the article was to determine financial benefits obtained by tourists visiting the „Nad Tanwią” Nature Reserve located in the south-eastern part of Poland, calculated using the travel cost method. The survey method was used as part of the research. Surveys were conducted from May to September 2017 on a group of 341 respondents. Data regarding the length of the visit and the amount of costs related to the stay in the Reserve were subjected to statistical analysis using the CART method. The results of the survey showed that the respondents reported a need for 14 types of visits depending on their duration. The value of the consumer surplus amounted to PLN 986/person, and the value of the gross benefit amounted to PLN 1,069/person. The value of the consumer surplus, which was the share of tourists visiting the Reserve during the year, amounted to PLN 108 million, and the gross value of non-market benefits for this group was PLN 118 million. Building a model of travel costs in the area of the Reserve allows for the assessment of recreational benefits of this place. The development of tourism and recreation in areas attractive in terms of nature contributes to improvement with regard to meeting recreational needs of tourists and the existing transportation infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":55404,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Forestry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70546868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of statistical forest reflectance model and Sentinel-2 MSI images into a continuous forest inventory system","authors":"A. Kuusk, Mait Lang","doi":"10.46490/bf467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46490/bf467","url":null,"abstract":"Spectral signatures of forest stands in Sentinel-2 MSI spectral bands are simulated with the statistical forest reflectance (SFRM) model and compared to the spectral signatures measured in spectral images at ten study sites in Estonia. As an overall measure of the agreement between simulated and measured spectral signatures we used the total error calculated as the sum of relative errors over spectral bands B2 to B11 of Sentinel-2. The distribution of the total error has strongly positive skewness at all study sites and all types of forests (broadleaf, pine and spruce forests). The right tail of the distribution is low. The stands of high value of the total error far right in the tail of the distribution may have some errors in their inventory data, or the inventory data are outdated. Pertinent stands should have priority in their in situ checking process. The SFRM model is a simple and reliable tool for the validity checking of forest inventory data, using routinely collected forest inventory data and operational satellite information of moderate spatial resolution. The model is simple and computationally efficient. Preparing input data for the model is a simple query in the forest inventory database. The suggested procedure can be incorporated into the automated systems of continuous forest inventory. \u0000  \u0000Keywords: Forest inventory, Sentinel-2 MSI images, Statistical forest reflectance model","PeriodicalId":55404,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Forestry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41254178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecogenetic plasticity and genetic variation in Populus hybrids under the impact of simulated climate change related stressors","authors":"Valda Gudynaitė-Franckevičienė, A. Pliūra, V. Suchockas","doi":"10.46490/bf462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46490/bf462","url":null,"abstract":"To meet the needs of carbon sequestration and production of raw materials from renewable natural resources for the timber market of the European Union, it is necessary to expand forest plantation areas. The efficiency of short rotation forestry depends primarily on the selection of hybrids and clones, suitable for the local environmental conditions. We postulate that ecogenetic response, ecogenetic plasticity and genotypic variation of different hybrids of poplars (Populus L.) depend both on the type of stressors (spring frosts, summer drought, increased UV-B radiation, warm winters) and peculiarities of the cross-bred species as well as on their genetic preadaptations to native environmental conditions of their origin. The aim of the study was to estimate the ecogenetic plasticity, genotypic variation of adaptive traits and adaptability of Populus hybrids under simulated conditions of the expected climate change. \u0000The research was performed with the cultivars and experimental clones of three different intraspecific hybrids of poplars (P. nigra L., P. deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh, and P. trichocarpa Torr. & Gray.) and four interspecific hybrids of poplars (P. deltoides L. × P. nigra, P. deltoides × P. trichocarpa, P. maximowiczii A. Henry × P. trichocarpa, and P. balsamifera L. × P. trichocarpa). \u0000Simulated spring frosts and summer drought treatments had a substantial impact on growth of trees, but the hybrid and clone effects were also significant and showed that many hybrids and clones in general retain their features/differences under stressful environmental conditions. A strongly expressed hybrid and clone interactions with simulated frost and drought effects (genotype-environment interaction, G × E) showed different ecogenetic response, plasticity and specific ecological preferences of the clones and hybrids. The sensitivity of hybrids to UV-B radiation varied and depended on the origin of their parental trees and this sensitivity partially reflected their susceptibility also to other stressors. Warm winters adversely effected the growth of some hybrids while others - P. nigra × P. nigra and P. trichocarpa × P. trichocarpa, which parents originated from the southern part of their natural distribution range have increased their growth. This treatment also resulted in reduction of the heritability and genotypic variation of growth traits. \u0000  \u0000Keywords: poplars, clones, genotype-environment interaction, genetic variation, heritability","PeriodicalId":55404,"journal":{"name":"Baltic Forestry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43643314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}