Behavioral Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Testing Psychological Correlates of Ambiguity Aversion in the Context of COVID-19 Vaccination: Evidence for Motivated Reasoning and the Appraisal-Tendency Framework.","authors":"Nicolle Simonovic, Anat Gesser-Edelsburg, Jennifer M Taber","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2025.2497808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2025.2497808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perceiving ambiguity-a specific type of uncertainty-can lead to ambiguity aversion. In the context of vaccination, ambiguity aversion can manifest as vaccine hesitancy. We tested various correlates of ambiguity aversion in the context of COVID-19 vaccination to better understand how and why ambiguity about COVID-19 vaccines is associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Two studies regarding beliefs about COVID-19 were conducted among 330 college students in the US and 204 college students in Israel during March to June 2023. Participants completed a survey assessing perceived ambiguity about COVID-19 vaccines, COVID-19 risk perceptions (i.e., likelihood, severity, and worry), emotions about COVID-19 vaccines, vaccination intentions, and information seeking about vaccination. Overall, key findings include higher levels of anger among individuals who report higher perceived ambiguity about COVID-19 vaccination, as well as possible engagement in motivated reasoning processes when considering COVID-19 vaccination. More specifically, consistent with motivated reasoning, Americans who perceived higher ambiguity about COVID-19 vaccines reported lower worry about and lower perceived severity of COVID-19, which were each associated with lower vaccination intentions and lower information seeking about COVID-19 vaccines. In line with the Appraisal-Tendency Framework, Americans who perceived higher ambiguity about COVID-19 vaccines reported higher anger about COVID-19 vaccines, which was associated with lower perceived severity of COVID-19. Consistent with conceptualizing ambiguity as an aversive experience, Americans who perceived higher ambiguity about COVID-19 vaccines reported lower happiness about COVID-19 vaccines, which was associated with both lower worry about and lower perceived severity of COVID-19. These relationships were not present in the Israeli sample. Further, both Americans and Israelis who perceived higher ambiguity about COVID-19 vaccines reported lower feelings of relaxation from the COVID-19 vaccine, which was associated with lower perceived severity of COVID-19. These results can improve our understanding of processes involved in ambiguity aversion. Findings also provide greater insight into vaccine hesitancy and have practical implications for creating culturally appropriate vaccine health communications and interventions that consider the phenomenon of ambiguity aversion. Indeed, if motivated reasoning does play a role in responses to ambiguity, incorporating strategies to reduce motivated reasoning may contribute to vaccine uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Adherence Testing for Assessing Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence of Nonadherence.","authors":"Patrick J Highton, Mark P Funnell, Dan Lane, Vasanthy Vigneswara, Sian Jenkins, Ghanshyam Kacha, Clare L Gillies, Pankaj Gupta, Kamlesh Khunti","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2025.2503201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2025.2503201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nonadherence to antihypertensive medications is highly prevalent, driving cardiovascular risk. Chemical adherence testing (CAT) can detect the presence of medications or their metabolites in bodily fluid, though it is unclear if its use to date has been equitable. This review aimed to identify the demographics with hypertension in which CAT has been used previously, and to estimate the resulting prevalence of nonadherence. Multiple databases were searched from 2013 to February 2024. We included any published paper that reported CAT data in people with hypertension. Extracted data included: study design and setting, hypertension definition and type, participant sociodemographic factors, and prevalence of nonadherence. Data were synthesized using a random effects meta-analysis with meta-regression, or narrative synthesis. Seventy eligible papers were identified. Many papers did not present key participant sociodemographic data, including ethnicity or socioeconomic, educational or disability status. Most studies were completed in tertiary care settings, and in primarily White patients with apparent treatment-resistant hypertension. The estimated pooled prevalence of complete medication nonadherence was 15.0%, increasing to 33.0% when estimating any kind of nonadherence; heterogeneity was high in both analyses (I² of 94.6% and 95.6%, respectively). Nonadherent patients had higher blood pressure and were prescribed more antihypertensive medications, whilst participant age showed an inverse relationship with prevalence of nonadherence. Key relevant sociodemographic factors were often not reported, limiting the understanding of CAT use in diverse populations. In order to support behavior change interventions to address medication nonadherence in underserved groups, future research should recruit diverse populations to inform equitable implementation.</p><p><p><b>Review protocol registration:</b> International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42024505602.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between Parental Obesity, Body Mass Index and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Offspring.","authors":"Luciana Tornquist, Nathália Quaiatto Félix, Helen Freitas D'avila, Éboni Marília Reuter, Pâmela Ferreira Todendi, Karin Allor Pfeiffer, David P Ferguson, Andréia Rosane de Moura Valim, Jane Dagmar Pollo Renner, Cézane Priscila Reuter","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2025.2494536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2025.2494536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Childhood obesity has been associated with high levels of systemic inflammation, increasing the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases throughout life. Genetic and environmental factors, such as parental body mass index (BMI), can influence this relationship, impacting the inflammatory health of offspring from childhood. This study investigates the influence of parental BMI on the relationship between BMI and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in offspring. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 423 children and adolescents from a municipality in southern Brazil. Offspring BMI was calculated using measured weight and height, while parental BMI was determined from self-reported measurements and classified based on World Health Organization cutoff points. hs-CRP levels were assessed using a high-sensitivity assay. The moderating effect of parental BMI on the relationship between offspring BMI and hs-CRP levels was analyzed through multiple linear regression models using the PROCESS macro extension for SPSS. Results indicated a direct association between offspring BMI and hs-CRP levels across all models, showing that hs-CRP levels increased linearly with BMI in offspring. A direct relationship between paternal obesity and offspring hs-CRP levels was observed, along with a significant inverse interaction between paternal BMI and offspring BMI with hs-CRP levels. Among schoolchildren with lower BMI, those with parents with obesity exhibited higher hs-CRP levels compared to peers with parents classified as eutrophic or overweight. These findings suggest that children of parents with obesity tend to have elevated levels of inflammation, regardless of their own BMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racial, Ethnic, and Sociodemographic Disparities in the Uptake of the MMR Vaccine Among Minnesota Children.","authors":"Inari Mohammed, Rachel Widome, Sydney Kuramoto, Miriam Halstead Muscoplat, Kelly M Searle","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2025.2494518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2025.2494518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The US has seen a sharp increase in measles cases in recent years. The measles vaccines (MMR and MMRV) are highly effective at preventing measles infections; however, vaccine coverage varies between racial/ethnic categories. Our objective was to use Minnesota Department of Health data to examine the association between a child's birthing parent's race, ethnicity, and other sociodemographic characteristics, and receipt of the first dose of a measles-containing vaccine by age 24 months. Sociodemographic data came from Minnesota birth certificate records (from 2017 to 2022), which are unique among states in how detailed ethnicity is characterized. During this timeframe, only 80% of the study population received the first dose of a measles-containing vaccine by age 24 months. We identified vaccination inequities by ethnicity, which could not be fully explained by these ethnic groups' differing socioeconomic status. Two groups, Somali-Minnesotan and Ethiopian-Minnesotan (which are often aggregated into a \"Black\" race), had the lowest levels of on-time first dose coverage (Somali = 31%, Ethiopian = 64%). Other factors associated with a lower predicted probability of coverage by 24 months included receiving inadequate prenatal care and lower socioeconomic status. Our main findings demonstrate the importance of racial/ethnic disaggregation when studying vaccine inequities. Collapsing race/ethnicity into broad categories like \"Black\" or \"Hispanic\" obscures a great deal of variability in outcomes. Those who are identified as at-risk for missing vaccine doses, the causes for this, and the possible approaches public health agencies might consider in preventing outbreaks should all differ depending on who is most affected.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depressive Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: A Parent-Child Perspective Study.","authors":"Daiki Asano, Masaki Takeda, Hirokazu Abe, Satoshi Nobusako, Hirotaka Gima","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2025.2494535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2025.2494535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) often exhibit mental health problems, including depressive symptoms. This study investigated self-reported depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with and without CP and associated factors. Herein, 52 and 38 children and adolescents with and without CP were enrolled in the CP and typically developing (TD) groups. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Birleson Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children. Parents of the participants completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Self-reported depressive symptoms were more severe in the CP group than in the TD group, which was primarily attributed to declining activities and enjoyment in daily life. Depressive symptoms in the CP group were not correlated with age, the severity of CP, or parent-reported behavioral features. However, in the overall cohort, the cluster with high levels of depressive symptoms had significantly higher proportions of individuals with CP and participants with conduct, emotional, and peer problems. Multivariate analyses revealed that only peer problems were associated with increased depressive symptoms. Furthermore, peer problems fully mediated the relationship between the presence of CP and depressive symptoms. Our study suggests that providing opportunities for activities involving social interactions with peers and offering support to enable the enjoyment of such activities from an early age are imperative to prevent an increase in depressive symptoms in children with CP.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144023129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adverse Childhood Experiences and Body Mass Index Status among Children and Youth with Special Health Care Needs.","authors":"Iulia Mihaila, Cheng-Shi Shiu, Leah Bernard, Deana Herrman, Janine Salameh, Kristin Berg, Kruti Acharya","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2024.2424172","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2024.2424172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study examined the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and body mass index (BMI) status among children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN), and the role of health characteristics and lifestyle factors in predicting BMI. Data from the 2016-2020 National Survey of Children's Health were utilized. Key variables included: ACEs, BMI status, level of functional impairment, depression, weekly level of physical activity, and daily screen time. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations between selected variables and BMI status. The sample consisted of 19,743 CYSHCN. Respectively, CYSHCN with exposure to 1-2 ACEs (vs. none) and 3+ ACEs (vs. none), had a 22% and 32% increase in odds of a one-level increase in BMI status, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, level of functional impairment, and depression. When lifestyle factors (i.e., physical activity and screen time) were included in analyses, CYSHCN with exposure to 3+ ACEs (vs. none) had a 27% increase in odds of a one-level increase in BMI status. Thus, we found that ACEs were significantly associated with BMI status. However, the strength of this relation changed when considering CYSHCN health characteristics and CYSHCN lifestyle factors. A higher weekly level of physical activity, in particular, seemed to play a significant role in reducing risk of higher BMI status among CYSHCN with exposure to 3+ ACEs (vs. none). Findings support the development of physical activity promotion programs and education regarding strategic utilization of screen time (e.g., educational apps and games) for CYSHCN and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"156-163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet Quality Changes in a 12-Week Web-Based Physical Activity Intervention without Explicit Dietary Guidance.","authors":"Bruna C Mazzolani, Gabriel P Esteves, Jessica Cheng, Jennifer K Frediani, Britney Beatrice, Jacob K Kariuki","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2024.2417077","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2024.2417077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lifestyle habits seem interconnected and extant studies suggest that a lifestyle-related modification can impact other related behaviors. For instance, interventions targeting physical activity (PA) could potentially impact dietary patterns and quality. Therefore, we hypothesized that a web-based intervention to increase PA would lead to changes in diet quality without explicit dietary guidance. Our aim was to evaluate changes in diet quality, measured by the Healthy Eating Index 2020 (HEI-2020), following a 12-week web-based PA intervention in adults with obesity. The study consisted of secondary analysis of a 12-week pilot randomized controlled trial, wherein participants (<i>N</i> = 82) were randomized to the Physical Activity for The Heart (PATH) intervention group, which included workout videos and virtual coaching, or a wait-list control group. Diet quality was assessed at baseline and post-intervention using the HEI-2020 based on recalls collected through the Automated Self-Administered 24-h recall (ASA-24) system. Baseline characteristics were similar across groups. Both groups showed small improvements in HEI-2020 total scores after 12 wk (PATH: 65.11 vs. Control: 62.24). Stratification by moderate to vigorous physical activities increase (<60 min. vs. ≥60 min.) revealed greater improvements in specific HEI-2020 components in the ≥60 min group, though overall changes remained modest. The PA intervention led to small improvements in certain diet quality components, suggesting potential interconnectedness between PA and dietary habits. However, overall changes in HEI-2020 scores were modest. Future research with larger samples should explore the effects of PA intervention alone vs. combined with dietary guidance on diet quality in adults with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"85-93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Men's Preferences for Language and Communication in Mental Health Promotion: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Paul Sharp, John L Oliffe, Joan L Bottorff, Simon M Rice, Nico Schulenkorf, Cristina M Caperchione","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2024.2424168","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2024.2424168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tailored language and communication strategies underpin men's engagement with public health initiatives. The aim of this study was to explore men's preferences for language and communication in mental health promotion and provide recommendations for current and future programs. A sequential mixed-methods design was used including five focus groups and 21 individual interviews with 64 men. Interpretive description was used to inductively derive three themes: (1) Using coded language to confer mental health, which highlighted the tacit meaning and implications of language as well as men's covert strategies to communicate their challenges and emotions; (2) Summoning masculine capital with association and metaphors, wherein men's strategies for conveying mental health in acceptable and relatable ways are chronicled; and (3) Dynamism language to signal action and growth, illustrating participants' preference for strength-based approaches and gain-framed messaging that positions men as drivers of self-management and personal development. Important implications for men's mental health promotion are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"146-155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Pain Avoidance in the Relation between Pain Intensity and Smoking Cessation Processes.","authors":"Devanshi Mistry, Tanya Smit, Joseph W Ditre, Jafar Bakhshaie, Michael J Zvolensky","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2023.2290485","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2023.2290485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scientific evidence suggests that smokers who experience varying levels of pain are more likely to maintain their addiction to tobacco. The relationship between pain intensity and cognitive-based smoking processes within a mechanistic framework has received relatively little attention. Pain avoidance may influence the association between pain intensity and smoking, as it is a construct that is related to adverse pain and smoking processes. Thus, the current cross-sectional study examined the indirect effect of pain intensity on three clinically significant smoking processes (i.e., prior quit problems, perceived barriers for cessation, and negative affect reduction smoking expectancies) through pain avoidance among 95 treatment-seeking adult smokers. Regression analyses were conducted using bootstrapping techniques through PROCESS, a conditional modeling program that utilizes an ordinary least squares-based path analytical framework to test for both direct and indirect associations. Results indicated that pain intensity had a statistically significant indirect association with quit problems and perceived barriers for cessation, through pain avoidance. Pain intensity did not have a statistically significant indirect association with the negative affect reduction of smoking expectancies through pain avoidance. The current findings provide evidence for the role of pain avoidance as a potential transdiagnostic mechanism that contributes to maladaptive smoking outcomes within the larger context of the reciprocal model of pain and substance use.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"164-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138807476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociocultural Antecedents and Mechanisms of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Mexican-Origin Youth.","authors":"Su Yeong Kim, Wen Wen, Kiera M Coulter, Hin Wing Tse, Yayu Du, Shanting Chen, Yang Hou, Yishan Shen","doi":"10.1080/08964289.2024.2355117","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08964289.2024.2355117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mexican-origin youth, as a large and growing population among U.S. youth, have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19. Understanding what, when, and how sociocultural factors may influence their COVID-19 vaccine uptake could inform current and future pandemic-response interventions promoting vaccination behaviors among Mexican-origin youth. The current study takes a developmental approach to reveal the long-term and short-term sociocultural antecedents of 198 Mexican-origin adolescents' COVID-19 vaccination uptake behaviors and explores the underlying mechanism of these associations based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior model. The current study adopted Wave 1 (2012-2015) and Wave 4 (2021-2022) self-reported data from a larger study. Analyses were conducted to examine four mediation models for four sociocultural antecedents-daily discrimination, ethnic discrimination, foreigner stress, and family economic stress-separately. Consistent indirect effects of higher levels of concurrent sociocultural risk factors on a lower probability of COVID-19 vaccine uptake were observed to occur through less knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccines and less positive attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccines at Wave 4. Significant direct effects, but in opposite directions, were found for the associations between Wave 1 ethnic discrimination/Wave 4 daily discrimination and the probability of COVID-19 vaccine uptake. The findings highlight the importance of considering prior and concurrent sociocultural antecedents and the Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior pathway leading to COVID-19 vaccination uptake among Mexican-origin youth and suggest that the impact of discrimination on COVID-19 vaccination uptake may depend on the type (e.g., daily or ethnic) and the context (e.g., during the COVID-19 pandemic or not) of discrimination experienced.</p>","PeriodicalId":55395,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"94-105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11645438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141319007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}