Sandra M Ospina-Garcés, Veronica Zamora-Gutierrez, Juan Manuel Lara-Delgado, Mercedes Morelos-Martínez, Rafael Ávila-Flores, Anikó Kurali, Jorge Ortega, Celia Isela Selem-Salas, M Cristina MacSwiney G
{"title":"The relationship between wing morphology and foraging guilds: exploring the evolution of wing ecomorphs in bats","authors":"Sandra M Ospina-Garcés, Veronica Zamora-Gutierrez, Juan Manuel Lara-Delgado, Mercedes Morelos-Martínez, Rafael Ávila-Flores, Anikó Kurali, Jorge Ortega, Celia Isela Selem-Salas, M Cristina MacSwiney G","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blad157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blad157","url":null,"abstract":"Different aspects of foraging strategies in bats have been studied to understand the evolution of flight in mammals. General descriptors of wing morphology associated with flight performance, such as aspect ratio and wing loading, allowed us to describe ecomorphs determined by the dietary preferences of bat species. However, the role of wing shape divergence in the evolution of bat foraging strategies remains little explored. We adopted a two-dimensional geometric morphometric approach to quantify the wing shape and size variation explained by phylogenetic relatedness (families) and to evaluate the covariance between foraging guilds and flight descriptors based on phylogenetic comparative methods in 69 Neotropical bat species. We tested whether wing morphology represents a reliable marker of the foraging guild, and we explored the rate of shape evolution among foraging guilds to describe divergent trends that could explain the morphological and ecological diversification. Our results suggest that the earliest bat ancestor was an aerial forager occupying the edge space, which is congruent with the observed evolution of wing shape from an edge space wing morphology. The relationship between wing shape and foraging space defines wing ecomorphs, which probably evolved early in bat ancestors; a process other than convergence could explain this association.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138526330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cleaner fish coloration does not always reduce predation risk: testing the effect of protective mimicry in the false cleanerfish, Aspidontus taeniatus","authors":"Hajime Sato, Yoichi Sakai, Tetsuo Kuwamura","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blad163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blad163","url":null,"abstract":"Cleaning symbiosis of the bluestreak cleaner wrasse, Labroides dimidiatus (Labridae), is a well-known example of mutualism in coral reefs. The cleaner wrasse is characterized by its bluish body colour with black stripes, and the false cleanerfish, Aspidontus taeniatus (Blenniidae), mimics those characteristics precisely. Cleaner fish mimicry is believed to evolve as an aggressive mimicry to bite the fins of deceived fishes; however, protective mimicry to reduce predation risk has not been examined sufficiently. Here, we tested the effect of protective mimicry through field observations and aquarium experiments. Field observations revealed that false cleanerfish were occasionally attacked by piscivorous lizardfishes (Synodontidae). In the aquarium experiments, ambushing predators, the honeycomb grouper, Epinephelus merra (Serranidae), which did not show predatory behaviour to false cleanerfish in the field, attacked the cleaner wrasse (model), the false cleanerfish (mimic), and the lance blenny, Aspidontus dussumieri (non-mimic). When a shelter was provided in the tank, the false cleanerfish and the lance blenny immediately hid inside the shelter for a considerable duration to escape from the predator. These results suggest that cleaner fish coloration does not always decrease predation risks, and our conclusions support the possibility that this mimicry evolved primarily as aggressive mimicry.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"52 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138526369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Gefaell, Ramón Vigo, Juan Galindo, Emilio Rolán-Alvarez
{"title":"Experimental evidence of mate choice as the driving mechanism behind negative assortative mating for shell colour in a marine snail","authors":"Juan Gefaell, Ramón Vigo, Juan Galindo, Emilio Rolán-Alvarez","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blad155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blad155","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract How colour polymorphisms are maintained in natural populations constitutes a key subject of study for evolutionary ecologists. One of the mechanisms that has been put forward to explain this phenomenon is negative frequency-dependent selection, which can be caused by different mechanisms. Among these mechanisms is mate choice, or the selection as a potential mate of the rare or dissimilar colour morph by the choosy sex of a given species. In the context of colour polymorphism, mate choice predicts the occurrence of a negative assortative mating pattern, whereby different colour morphs mate more often than expected by chance alone. However, negative assortative mating can also result from other mechanisms, making it, at best, a fallible indicator of a mate choice-driven negative frequency-dependent selection. For this reason, experimental evidence explicitly connecting such a mating pattern to mate choice is necessary to claim that a particular colour polymorphism is being maintained by negative frequency-dependent selection. Here we present experimental evidence backing this relationship for the colour polymorphic marine gastropod Littorina saxatilis from the Ría de Vigo (NW Iberian Peninsula), although how specifically these organisms choose their mates remains unclear. This calls for further experimental efforts to clarify this issue and its relationship to the maintenance of colour polymorphism in L. saxatilis.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"32 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134991198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phylogeny, ecology, and evolution of mycophagous Drosophilidae (Diptera)","authors":"Masahito T Kimura, Nobuko Tuno","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blad140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blad140","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A number of species and taxa of Drosophilidae (Diptera) are used as model clades in various fields of biology, but our knowledge on their ecology and co-evolution (e.g. how their populations are regulated and how they interact with host organisms, enemies, and competitors) is still limited. According to studies on their host use, their primary larval resources are fruits, flowers, plant leaves and stems, tree sap, and fungal fruiting bodies, and most species are specialized to one of these resources. Among these species, those exploiting fungal fruiting bodies (i.e. mycophagous species) have been relatively well studied for their ecology, because their resources are commonly found in the field, hence their interactions with enemies and competitors can be assessed rather easily. So far, a review article has been published on their ecology in 1990. Since then, remarkable advances have been achieved on their taxonomy, phylogeny, diversity, and interactions with parasites, parasitoids, and competitors. This article reviews literature mainly published since 1990 to provide a basis for the future study of their ecology and evolution.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":" 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135292458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phylogeography of an insect inhabiting ‘Sky Islands’: the relationships among genetic structures and geographical characteristics, geohistorical characteristics, and cyclical climate changes","authors":"Hirohisa Suzuki, Masaki Takenaka, Koji Tojo","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blad112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blad112","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract When gene flow has been restricted between populations, the genetic structure of such species often reflects geohistory and climate changes. Populations of species inhabiting high-altitude regions, known as ‘Sky Islands’, are isolated and exhibit restricted gene flow, so they often have habitat-specific genetic structures that correspond to their surrounding geographical structures. Here we focus on a limnephilid caddisfly, Rivulophilus sakaii, which inhabits the alpine zone of Japan. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted based on the mtDNA COI and 16S rRNA regions, and the nDNA 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, CAD, EF1-α, and POL-II regions; the results indicated three phylogeographically differentiated intraspecific lineages. Haplotype network and demographic analyses based on the mtDNA COI region suggested the size of the respective isolated populations has stabilized. This suggests that mountain formation in the Japanese Archipelago due to volcanic activity has resulted in barriers to migration and dispersal between high-altitude aquatic insect populations. This was inferred to be an effect of Quaternary climate changes that caused vertical distributional shifts following mountain formation, resulting in repeated connection and fragmentation of the populations. This is important supporting information with regard to discussing the effects and functions of geohistory and climatic changes on the phylogenetic evolution of organisms presently inhabiting interglacial ‘Sky Islands’.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"269 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135685232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana María Hernández Vázquez, Luis Javier Madrigal-Roca, Lázaro M Echenique Días, José Alberto Álvarez Lemus, Vicente Berovides Álvarez, Georgina Espinosa López
{"title":"Population genetics of queen conch, <i>Aliger giga</i>s (Linnaeus, 1758) (Gastropoda: Strombidae) at Cuban island platform","authors":"Ana María Hernández Vázquez, Luis Javier Madrigal-Roca, Lázaro M Echenique Días, José Alberto Álvarez Lemus, Vicente Berovides Álvarez, Georgina Espinosa López","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blad039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blad039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The queen conch, Aliger gigas Linnaeus, 1758, is a large marine gastropod mollusc that inhabits shallow seagrass meadows and sandplain habitats throughout the Caribbean. Owing to overfishing and degradation of the environment, it has become an endangered species in most of its habitat. Research on Cuban populations of A. gigas is scarce and mostly focused on conch exploitation. The present study assesses, for the first time, the genetic diversity and population structure of A. gigas from six locations on the Cuban platform, using five microsatellite loci. At most of the sampled locations, the observed heterozygosity was lower than expected and the FIS value was significantly positive, both of which suggest inbreeding. Also, we found evidence of bottlenecks for two of the locations with a deficit of heterozygotes. Although statistically significant, only 1.66% of the total variance was explained by genetic differentiation among populations, and discriminant analysis of principal components showed different degrees of overlapping between all locations. Accordingly, the results showed that there is an extensive and symmetrical exchange of genetic information. Sparse non-negative matrix factorization analysis determined the existence of three ancestral populations admixed across the sampled locations. Thus, our results suggest that A. gigas from the Cuban island platform could be a unique population, which is relevant for management and conservation strategies.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"53 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135775856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Origins of cryophilous lineages and the role of Beringia: evidence from the cosmopolitan angiosperm genus <i>Stellaria</i> L. (Caryophyllaceae)","authors":"Mathew T Sharples, Erin A Manzitto-Tripp","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blad078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blad078","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The cosmopolitan angiosperm genus Stellaria L. (Caryophyllaceae) occurs across the Arctic and is most diverse in the high southern Asian mountains, including presence at the most extreme latitudinal and elevational limits of vascular plants. Using the primary fossil record and double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing data, we estimated divergence times of Stellaria and relatives across the Caryophyllaceae. We then used ancestral area and ancestral state reconstructions to interpret the biogeographical history of the group. We found that Stellaria originated in the Miocene and gave rise to repeated New World lineages, mostly from temperate Old World regions and probably via Bering Land Bridges. Circumboreal lineages were recovered of recent, Pleistocene origin and several might have originated in southerly mountains of both the Old World and the New World before subsequently colonizing the Arctic. Ancestral state reconstruction of inhabitance of cold vs. temperate climates and of wet vs. dry habitats revealed repeated evolutionary transitions across these extremes by members of the genus worldwide. Our study, which samples nearly all species within a diverse and cosmopolitan lineage of flowering plants, recovers a group characterized by niche lability and helps to support prior findings of temperate origins of many cryophilous plant lineages. Pre-adaptation to cold might have been a prerequisite for colonization of the Arctic.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"21 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135874919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do northern species of amphibians and reptiles of Eurasia need southern refugia?","authors":"Viatcheslav Ratnikov","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blad030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blad030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract I do not support modern ideas regarding the sheltering of northern species of amphibians and reptiles in southern refugia during glacial periods. The current article presents arguments that reject the traditional point of view. The northern species did not fall within southern refugia, and therefore new forms (haplotypes) appeared within the periglacial hyperzone. I describe how these processes may have taken place.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"21 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135874920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Claustral colony founding is limited by body condition: experimental feeding increases brood size of <i>Lasius niger</i> queens (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)","authors":"Norbert Szabó, Jenő Nagy, András Tartally","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blad149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blad149","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ants can found colonies in different ways. One is by claustral colony foundation, when fertilized queens typically have enough nutrients reserved in their bodies to raise the first ‘nanitic’ worker generation without any foraging activity. This colony-foundation strategy evolved in response to selective pressures (e.g. predators), but it limits the number of nanitic workers. We, therefore, assumed that fed queens might initially rear more nanitic workers, although feeding might also be associated with risks and stress. In this study, we analysed the effects of stress and different diets during the colony-foundation period on the success of colony founding by claustral black garden ant Lasius niger (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) queens. Our findings confirm that regularly fed claustral ant queens raise more pupae and workers, reflecting that limited brood size is a cost of safety behaviour for claustral ant queens. There is another notable aspect of our findings for laboratories: in order to maximize the size of the nanitic worker generation, they can feed claustral ant queens with crickets.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"1 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135874836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandra M Hernández-Rangel, Mónica A Morales-Betancourt, Fábio L Muniz, Mario Vargas-Ramírez, Fernando J M Rojas-Runjaic, Carlos A Lasso, Susana Caballero
{"title":"Phylogenetic identity and population structure of the dwarf caimans <i>Paleosuchus</i> spp. in the Orinoco basin of Colombia and Venezuela: filling gaps","authors":"Sandra M Hernández-Rangel, Mónica A Morales-Betancourt, Fábio L Muniz, Mario Vargas-Ramírez, Fernando J M Rojas-Runjaic, Carlos A Lasso, Susana Caballero","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blad145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blad145","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dwarf caiman species of the genus Paleosuchus (Paleosuchus palpebrosus and Paleosuchus trigonatus) are old, widespread crocodilian lineages with populations affected by habitat modification. For both species, phylogeographical studies revealing crucial information have already been performed, but for important ecoregions, such as the Orinoco, knowledge is lacking. In this study, the phylogenetic identity of individuals of Paleosuchus spp. from the Orinoco basin of Colombia and Venezuela was evaluated. The genetic structure of the two species of Paleosuchus was also determined and their genetic diversity quantified. The results show a marked genetic structuring in both species, also indicating that the populations of P. trigonatus and P. palpebrosus of the Orinoco basin are well differentiated from those of other hydrographic basins. For Colombia, it was possible to infer that there are two independent management units for both species (Orinoco and Amazonas) and that the populations of the Orinoco basin present high genetic and haplotypic diversity. In Venezuela, only one management unit was identified for each species. This finding, together with the results of previous studies, show that, in total, there are at least five management units for P. palpebrosus and six for P. trigonatus, throughout their distribution areas. It is necessary to take this information into account when establishing conservation strategies for these species, although it is stressed that the geographical sampling must be improved in future phylogeographical studies, because information gaps persist at the geographical level.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"8 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}