Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy最新文献_第3页

An evaluation of the potential applications of nature-based solutions for water quality protection: Ireland as a case study 评价基于自然的水质保护解决方案的潜在应用:以爱尔兰为例研究

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Pub Date : 2022-01-07 DOI: 10.3318/bioe.2021.14

Elaine Heneghan, Marcus Collier, M. Kelly-Quinn

{"title":"An evaluation of the potential applications of nature-based solutions for water quality protection: Ireland as a case study","authors":"Elaine Heneghan, Marcus Collier, M. Kelly-Quinn","doi":"10.3318/bioe.2021.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/bioe.2021.14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The nature-based solutions (NBS) approach views nature and natural processes as having a high potential to address societal challenges and sustainable development goals, whilst providing multiple co-benefits. It is an approach that offers a mechanism for mainstreaming climate-related issues into practice and policy. Concurrently, EU member states are struggling to comply with the objectives of the Water Framework Directive (WFD). This paper evaluates the application of NBS in addressing water-quality issues in the EU, using Ireland as a case study through a systematic review of the literature. This study found that there are many anecdotal examples of NBS in Ireland, although they are rarely identified as such in publications and official documents. However, a database was compiled of NBS identified during a systematic review of the literature. Existing research indicates the selected NBS of constructed wetlands (CWs), sustainable drainage systems (Suds) and NBS in the riparian zone can improve water quality, to varying degrees. Limited Irish-based research was available for Suds and NBS in the riparian zone. Reported co-benefits include cost-savings, enhanced biodiversity and ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration and recreation. The potential for further implementation of the selected NBS in Ireland is significant.This is an Open Access Article under the terms of the Creative Commons attribution license, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Open Access funding provided by IReL.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"21 1","pages":"147 - 162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83222476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Acinetobacter spp. and Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila strain pars1396 isolated from landfill soil and industrial wastewater as potential candidates for phenol biodegradation 从垃圾填埋场土壤和工业废水中分离的不动杆菌和嗜酸窄养单胞菌菌株pars1396作为苯酚生物降解的潜在候选者

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Pub Date : 2022-01-07 DOI: 10.3318/bioe.2021.13

Amirfard, Moghaddam, Hosseini

{"title":"Acinetobacter spp. and Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila strain pars1396 isolated from landfill soil and industrial wastewater as potential candidates for phenol biodegradation","authors":"Amirfard, Moghaddam, Hosseini","doi":"10.3318/bioe.2021.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/bioe.2021.13","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The aim of this study was to isolate phenol-degrading bacteria from highly contaminated environments with various pollutants, including painting factory wastewater and landfill soil, to investigate their capacity for phenol-degradation. Isolates were identified based on biochemical tests and 16s rDNA gene analysis. To detect the breakdown of phenol and the metabolites formed from its cleavage, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were used. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and colorimetric methods were applied to identify genes including catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (C1,2D), catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C2,3D) and protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase (P3,4D) and their related enzymes activities. Four strains were isolated and identified as Acinetobacter sp. strain CASPIAN1396 (GenBank Accession number MH298648), Acinetobacter sp. strain PARS1396 (MH298615), Acinetobacter sp. strain SAR-AVAN1396 (MH298541), and Stenotrophomunas acidaminiphila strain MMDA2018 (MH298661). All isolates were able to degrade 0.4g/l of phenol down to levels below 0.08g/l after 72h at 30°C and pH 7.2. The Acinetobacter spp. grew in the presence of up to 0.8g/l phenol, but the S. acidaminiphila strain PARS1396 was the sole strain that was able to grow at 1g/l concentration of phenol. The results showed that the C1,2O gene was detected in all isolates, but neither C2,3O or P3,4D gene sequences were found in any of them. The C1,2D gene was inducible in all isolates, and the strains degraded phenol via the ortho pathway. The use of S. acidaminiphila for phenol biodegradation could be promising because it can tolerate high concentrations of phenol and grows in severely contaminated environments.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"41 1","pages":"163 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86505041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Field Testing of an Optical in Situ Nitrate Sensor in Three Irish Estuaries 光学原位硝酸盐传感器在三个爱尔兰河口的现场测试

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2014.02

S. O’Boyle, P. Trickett, Adam Partington, C. Murray

{"title":"Field Testing of an Optical in Situ Nitrate Sensor in Three Irish Estuaries","authors":"S. O’Boyle, P. Trickett, Adam Partington, C. Murray","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2014.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2014.02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:ABSTRACTIn situ measurements of nitrate (NO3) were made using a submersible ultraviolet nitrate sensor (SUNA) in three Irish estuaries (Bandon, Blackwater and Lee) in January and February 2012. Measurements were compared against discrete water samples analysed in the laboratory. There was excellent agreement between the SUNA and laboratory measurements, with the variation in in-situ nitrate measurements explaining nearly 100% of the variation in laboratory measurements (r2 = 0.99, with a negative bias of ∼10%). In each estuary there was a conservative mixing relationship between salinity and nitrate, indicating that the main source of nitrate to these estuaries in winter is from the main inflowing river. The highest nitrate concentration of 235.2µM at salinity 0.7 was found in the Lee Estuary and the lowest concentration of 7.5µM at salinity 34.6 was found in Cork Harbour. The successful demonstration of this technology in Irish estuaries provides a powerful example of how future developments in this field will allow the real-time assessment of environmental conditions in these environments.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"5 1","pages":"53 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90299933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Should rare river types be given special consideration under the WFD? 稀有河种是否应在《世界水域发展纲要》下给予特别考虑?

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2016.20

E. Hannigan, Hugh B. Feeley, M. Kelly-Quinn

{"title":"Should rare river types be given special consideration under the WFD?","authors":"E. Hannigan, Hugh B. Feeley, M. Kelly-Quinn","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2016.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2016.20","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The Water Framework Directive requires all EU Member States to improve, sustainably manage and protect water quality in all surface waterbodies. To achieve this goal the ecological status of all our streams, rivers and lakes must be assessed against type-specific reference conditions. A number of distinctive or rare river types were not adequately represented in the development of the existing national river typology in 2005, and so it is not known whether they are sufficiently characterised by the current 12-type river typology or represent distinct types. ‘Rare’ in this context refers to systems with a naturally variable or unusual combination of environmental conditions (e.g. naturally low pH) rather than a limited distribution. The rare or distinctive river types highlighted were: (1) groundwater-dominated rivers; (2) highly calcareous rivers with calcium precipitation; (3) low conductivity, naturally acidic rivers; and (4) rivers strongly influenced by lakes (lake outlets). Whether or not these river types host distinct biological communities has yet to be established. While there is a large body of research on the macroinvertebrate communities, research on other biological quality elements such as diatoms is limited. This paper summarises the literature available on the biological characteristics of these rare or distinctive river types.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"1 1","pages":"167 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88587116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linking changes in nutrient source load to estuarine responses: an Irish perspective 将营养源负荷的变化与河口反应联系起来:爱尔兰人的观点

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bae.2016.0021

S. Ní Longphuirt, E. Mockler, S. O’Boyle, C. Wynne, D. B. Stengel

{"title":"Linking changes in nutrient source load to estuarine responses: an Irish perspective","authors":"S. Ní Longphuirt, E. Mockler, S. O’Boyle, C. Wynne, D. B. Stengel","doi":"10.1353/bae.2016.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bae.2016.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the Irish environment, anthropogenic pressures have led to widespread nutrient over-enrichment and eutrophication in surface waters. In the past 25 years European Directives have been implemented resulting in significant measures to improve water quality. Multi-decadal monitoring of nutrient inputs from rivers, and response parameters in estuarine and coastal systems, allows for a comparison of the effectiveness of these measures. In this study, trends in nutrient inputs from eighteen river systems and downstream estuarine parameters between 2000 and 2013 are explored. The results are placed in the context of changes in nutrient source load apportionment modelled through a newly developed GIS tool. Measured phosphorus inputs showed a significant reduction from fifteen catchments, with only four rivers showing a concurrent reduction in nitrogen. Significant Parallel improvements in estuarine water quality were evident in eight downstream systems, highlighting the complexity of response mechanisms. Load apportionment illustrated that the effectiveness of measures largely depended on factors such as land use and the proximity of large urban agglomerations to the estuary. The partitioning of nutrient sources could determine the nutrient landscape of the downstream estuary, with possible implications for the ecological health of the system. The results of the study will inform decision makers on the effectiveness of measures to date and the possible response of systems to future controls in the light of targets set out under the Water Framework Directive.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"5 1","pages":"295 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87561912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS ON SVALBARD: HETEROGENEITY, COMPLEXITY AND FRAGILITY FROM AN ARCTIC ISLAND PERSPECTIVE 斯瓦尔巴群岛陆地生态系统:北极岛屿视角下的异质性、复杂性和脆弱性

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2005.105.3.155

I. Jónsdóttir

{"title":"TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS ON SVALBARD: HETEROGENEITY, COMPLEXITY AND FRAGILITY FROM AN ARCTIC ISLAND PERSPECTIVE","authors":"I. Jónsdóttir","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2005.105.3.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2005.105.3.155","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Svalbard is an archipelago at the north-western edge of the Barents Sea. Despite its extreme northerly position, the climate is relatively mild in the western part of the archipelago. This is due to the warm North Atlantic Current reaching Spitsbergen, the largest island, causing temperatures there to frequently fluctuate around freezing, even in winter. Svalbard ecosystems share some attributes typical of islands. However, in spite of the limited land area there is large heterogeneity among ecosystems on different spatial scales: three out of five Arctic bioclimatic subzones occur in the archipelago, stretching from extremely low productive polar deserts to relatively productive tundra. Plant community data presented in this paper demonstrate that plant communities in mesic (zonal) habitats are well differentiated among the different bioclimatic subzones. Within a subzone, strong community differentiation occurs between mesic and ridge habitats in the two warmest zones, but not in the coldest, the polar desert. Relative to 'mainlands', species diversity is low on Svalbard and terrestrial food webs are simple, with strong links to marine food webs. However, fully accounting for the invertebrate components of the food webs reveals a considerable complexity that may contribute to ecosystem robustness. Fragility of the terrestrial ecosystems on Svalbard is discussed in terms of island characteristics. It is concluded that these ecosystems are robust in terms of temporal variation in herbivore populations and climate, but are fragile in terms of human disturbance. Their fragility in terms of climate change is still an open question that needs more thorough evaluation.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"2 1","pages":"155 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88029008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 80

Progress and challenges in managing our catchments effectively 有效管理集水区的进展和挑战

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2016.16

D. Daly, Marie E Archbold, J. Deakin

{"title":"Progress and challenges in managing our catchments effectively","authors":"D. Daly, Marie E Archbold, J. Deakin","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2016.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2016.16","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Effective implementation of the integrated catchment management approach, catchment characterisation and suitable catchment management strategies and measures are the means of ensuring protection of satisfactory water resources and improvement of unsatisfactory water resources, and achievement of Water Framework Directive requirements. Lessons have been learned from the first-cycle River Basin Management Plans, particularly on the need for proper public and community engagement and involvement, improved governance and targeting of appropriate mitigation measures. However, challenges need to be overcome: there needs to be genuine integration of the work of discipline- or process-based sections in public bodies and better collaboration between these bodies; the environment must be at the core of sustainable intensification; appropriate mitigation measures for diffuse and small point sources will need to be analysed and targeted to the pressures; and there is a need to ensure the involvement, cooperation and co-ownership of water (and biodiversity) management by local people and communities. The approach currently being undertaken is laying a solid foundation for integrating science and people, and is a basis for optimism.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"40 1","pages":"157 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90687107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Effect of foliar sprays of amino acids and potassium on nitrogen-metabolising enzymes, growth and yield of rice 叶面喷施氨基酸和钾对水稻氮素代谢酶、生长和产量的影响

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3318/bioe.2021.08

Seyed Hossein Mirtaleb, Yosoof Niknejad, H. Fallah

{"title":"Effect of foliar sprays of amino acids and potassium on nitrogen-metabolising enzymes, growth and yield of rice","authors":"Seyed Hossein Mirtaleb, Yosoof Niknejad, H. Fallah","doi":"10.3318/bioe.2021.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/bioe.2021.08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:A field trial was conducted to determine the effect of foliar applications of amino acids (AA) and potassium (K) on photosynthetic pigments, nitrogen metabolising enzymes, growth and yield of the rice variety ‘Tarom mahali’. The trial, which was comprised of four treatments (control, AA, K and AA+K) using randomised complete block design with three replications, was conducted at the Rice Research Institute of Iran (Amol). Data gathered during 2018 and 2019 showed that the foliar spray of AA and AA+K increased the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, N uptake in grain and straw, and the activity of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase, whilst reducing the activity of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase. The foliar application of AA+K also significantly increased plant height, spike length, grain number, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index. Therefore, it can be concluded that the combined spray of AA and K can be a suitable practice for improving the yield of rice along with a reduction in the environmental pollution.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"27 1","pages":"123 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86763392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The impact of terrestrial ecosystems on carbon assimilation and oxygen production in the Guanzhong-Tianshui economic region of China 关中-天水经济区陆地生态系统对碳同化和氧生产的影响

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.3318/BIOE.2015.01

Z. Zhou, J. Li

{"title":"The impact of terrestrial ecosystems on carbon assimilation and oxygen production in the Guanzhong-Tianshui economic region of China","authors":"Z. Zhou, J. Li","doi":"10.3318/BIOE.2015.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3318/BIOE.2015.01","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:ABSTRACTThe balance between carbon removal and oxygen production plays a key role in global biogeochemical carbon cycles. Therefore, carbon flows through an ecosystem are an important determinant of its ability to act as a carbon sink. Using remote-sensing images and precipitation, temperature and total solar radiation data from 1998 to 2007, and a light use efficiency model, we study the effects of changes in these parameters and land use and cover types on removing carbon and producing oxygen value in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Region. The results show that carbon removal value is 3.62 $ B a−1 in Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Region. Over the ten year period considered, the highest value of carbon removal is in 2005 at 4.83 $ B a−1 and the minimum is in 2002 at 2.54 $ B a−1. The average value of producing oxygen is 3.84 $ B a−1, more than 0.23 $ B a−1 of which is carbon removal. The amount of carbon removal in the Guanzhong-Tianshui economic region decreased between 2007 and 1998. There is a gradual decrease in the average level of carbon removal and oxygen production travelling from the south of the study area towards the north, in a way that mirrors the elevation of the land. From the perspective of land use types, forestland>grassland>cultivated land>other types. From space distribution perspective, unit value of carbon removal and oxygen production in southern counties is higher than northern counties: in general, the value decreased gradually from south to north.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"48 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86923491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

PRAEGER REVIEW: GEOMYCOLOGY: FUNGI AS AGENTS OF BIOGEOCHEMICAL CHANGE 地质真菌学:真菌作为生物地球化学变化的媒介

IF 0.7 4区环境科学与生态学

Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1353/bae.2013.0006

G. Gadd

{"title":"PRAEGER REVIEW: GEOMYCOLOGY: FUNGI AS AGENTS OF BIOGEOCHEMICAL CHANGE","authors":"G. Gadd","doi":"10.1353/bae.2013.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/bae.2013.0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Geomycology is the study of the roles of fungi in geological processes. The biogeochemical importance of fungi is significant in several areas, including nutrient and element cycling, rock, mineral and metal transformations, bioweathering and mycogenic biomineral formation. Such processes can occur in aquatic and terrestrial habitats, but it is the terrestrial environment where fungi probably have the greatest geochemical influence. Of special significance are the mutualistic relationships with phototrophic organisms: lichens (algae, cyanobacteria) and mycorrhizas (plants). Central to many geomycological processes are transformations of metals and minerals, and fungi possess many properties that effect changes in metal speciation, toxicity and mobility, as well as mineral formation or mineral dissolution or deterioration. Some fungal transformations have potential applications in environmental biotechnology, e.g. metal and radionuclide leaching, recovery, detoxification and bioremediation, and in the production or deposition of biominerals or metallic elements with catalytic or other properties. Metal and mineral transformations may also result in adverse effects when these processes result in spoilage and destruction of natural and synthetic materials, rock and mineral-based building materials (e.g. concrete), biocorrosion of metals, alloys and related substances, and adverse effects on radionuclide speciation, mobility and containment.","PeriodicalId":55370,"journal":{"name":"Biology and Environment-Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy","volume":"28 1","pages":"139 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74614823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2