Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie最新文献

{"title":"Graph Convolutional Network for AD and MCI Diagnosis Utilizing Peripheral DNA Methylation: Réseau de neurones en graphes pour le diagnostic de la MA et du TCL à l'aide de la méthylation de l'ADN périphérique.","authors":"Yuqin Qian, Xinlu Tang, Ruinan Shen, Yong Lu, Jianqing Ding, Xiaohua Qian, Chencheng Zhang","doi":"10.1177/07067437241300947","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241300947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Blood DNA methylation (DNAm) alterations have been widely reported in the onset and progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, DNAm is underutilized as a diagnostic biomarker for these diseases. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of DNAm for MCI and AD, both individually and in combination with well-established AD biosignatures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1,891 blood samples from Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) studies were used to identify potential candidate DNAm biomarkers. Multimodal clinical data from 635 samples (normal control (NC), <i>n</i> = 193; MCI, <i>n</i> = 352; AD, <i>n</i> = 90) in the TADPOLE dataset were utilized to construct eight different classification models using a graph convolutional network, a machine learning framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After feature selection, 17 DNAm sites were selected for subsequent analysis. Remarkable differences in DNAm levels were observed at the screened DNAm loci in all three cohorts. Adopting DNAm features into multimodal models significantly improved the classification performance for three dichotomous subtasks (NC vs. non-NC, MCI vs. non-MCI, and AD vs. non-AD), especially when combined with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) features for NC (area under the curve (AUC): 0.8534) and MCI classification (AUC: 0.7675). A weak correlation between DNAm and both magnetic resonance imaging and CSF features in the NC and MCI cohorts suggests good complementarity between modalities (correlation coefficient ≤0.2).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study offers new insights into peripheral DNAm in MCI and AD and suggests promising diagnostic performance of models integrating epigenomics, imaging, or CSF biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary title: </strong>Using Machine Learning and Blood-Based Genetic Markers to Help Diagnose Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"869-879"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590088/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Psychological Health of Iranian Citizens Protesting the Actions of Their Country's Morality Police: La santé psychologique des citoyens iraniens qui manifestent contre les actions de la police des mœurs de leur pays.","authors":"Sophia Marchetti, Anthony Feinstein","doi":"10.1177/07067437241295638","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241295638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the mental health of Iranian citizens protesting the actions of their country's Morality Police. Street protests across Iran were met with violent suppression that included security forces reportedly targeting protestors' eyes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A group of 63 Iranian protestors (58.7% female; mean age 32.0 [SD = 9.43] years, from all socio-economic classes) who had been part of street protests against the regime's morality police, was recruited by convenience sampling between May and August 2023 by journalists working underground in Iran. The study was conducted in Farsi by telephone (<i>n</i> = 60) and in-person (<i>n</i> = 3). Demographic and psychometric data were collected, the latter including symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Impact of Events Scale-Revised) and depression (Beck Depression Inventory-Revised), in Farsi-validated scales. Between-group comparisons were undertaken with one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey comparisons. Significance was set at <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The protestors comprised three groups: not wounded (<i>n</i> = 27: 59.26% female, mean age 34.44 [SD = 12.11] years), non-eye wound (<i>n</i> = 23; 60.87% female, mean age 32.61 [SD = 5.89] years) and eye-wound (<i>n</i> = 13; 53.85% female, mean age 27.54 [SD = 6.58] years). The eye wound group (blinded in one or both eyes) had less severe intrusion symptoms of PTSD (<i>P</i> = 0.048) and depression (<i>P</i> = 0.0001) than the non-eye wound group. The not wounded group had less severe symptoms of depression than the non-eye wound group (<i>P</i> = 0.003). Every protestor who had lost sight regarded their actions, notwithstanding their physical consequences, in a positive psychological light.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Contrary to our a-prior hypothesis, Iranian protestors blinded in one or both eyes were faring better psychologically than protestors with non-eye wounds. Possible reasons for this included higher rates of psychological treatment and social support in the eye-wound group compared to the other two groups post-injury and the nascent development of posttraumatic growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"861-868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stratified Care in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: A Comparative Evaluation of Predictive Modelling Approaches for Individualized Treatment: La stratification des soins pour l'orientation vers une thérapie cognitivo-comportementale: une évaluation comparative des approches de modélisation prédictive pour un traitement individualisé.","authors":"Margaret Jamieson, Andrew Putman, Marsha Bryan, Bojay Hansen, Phillip E Klassen, Nicholas Li, Bethany McQuaid, David Rudoler","doi":"10.1177/07067437241295635","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241295635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In response to high demand and prolonged wait times for cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in Ontario, Canada, we developed predictive models to stratify patients into high- or low-intensity treatment, aiming to optimize limited healthcare resources.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using client records (<i>n</i> = 953) from Ontario Shores Centre for Mental Health Sciences (January 2017-2021), we estimated four binary outcome models to assign patients into complex and standard cases based on the probability of reliable improvement in Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores. We evaluated two choices of cut-offs for patient complexity assignment: models at an ROC (receiver operating characteristic)-derived cut-off and a 0.5 probability cut-off. Final model effectiveness was assessed by assigning treatment intensity (high-intensity or low-intensity CBT) based on the combined performance of both GAD-7 and PHQ-9 models. We compared the treatment assignment recommendations provided by the models to those assigned by clinical assessors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The predictive models demonstrated higher accuracy in selecting treatment modality compared to provider-assigned treatment selection. The ROC cut-off achieved the highest prediction accuracy of case complexity (0.749). The predictive models exhibited large sensitivity and specificity trade-offs (which influence the rates of patient assignment to high-intensity CBT) despite having similar accuracy statistics (ROC cut-off = 0.749, 0.5 cut-off = 0.690), emphasizing the impact of cut-off choices when implementing predictive models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, our findings suggest that the predictive model has the potential to improve the allocation of CBT services by shifting incoming clients with milder symptoms of depression to low-intensity CBT, with those at highest risk of not improving beginning in high-intensity CBT. We have demonstrated that models can have significant sensitivity and specificity trade-offs depending on the chosen acceptable threshold for the model to make positive predictions of case complexity. Further research could assess the use of the predictive model in real-world clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary title: </strong>Stratified Care in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy: A Comparative Evaluation of Predictive Modeling Approaches for Individualized Treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"880-887"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts and Implications of Cannabis Legalization on Key Outcomes Among Adolescents in Canada.","authors":"Tessa Robinson, Didier Jutras-Aswad, Benedikt Fischer","doi":"10.1177/07067437241293098","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241293098","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"852-854"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy is the First-Line Option for Depression and Treatment Resistant Depression According to Available Evidence.","authors":"Allan Abbass, Patrick Luyten, Falk Leichsenring","doi":"10.1177/07067437241299487","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241299487","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"888-889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11574818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to University Mental Health Services: Understanding the Student Experience: L'accès aux services universitaires de santé mentale : comprendre l'expérience des étudiants.","authors":"Nathan King, William Pickett, Kurtis Pankow, Gina Dimitropoulos, Emma Cullen, Stephen McNevin, Scott B Patten, Anne Duffy","doi":"10.1177/07067437241295640","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241295640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe student access to university mental health services and barriers and gaps in support.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multiple cohort study used self-report data from 4,138 undergraduate students who completed the U-Flourish Well-Being Survey at the start and completion of first year from 2018 to 2023. The survey incorporated validated measures of mental health symptoms, barriers to care, and open-text questions about the mental health care experience and perceived gaps. Quantitative analyses summarized utilization patterns and barriers. An interpretive qualitative analysis identified common themes about support services and opportunities for improvement from the student perspective.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At university entry, 43% of students screened positive for anxiety and/or depression, 30% reported a lifetime mental disorder and 23% a lifetime history of self-harm. Over first year, 15% of students surveyed accessed university mental health services. Access was more likely in students identifying as older, gender diverse, female, having a prior mental disorder and those who screened positive for anxiety or depression. Common attitudinal and practical barriers reported included <i>thinking problems would resolve</i> (74%), <i>being uncomfortable sharing</i> (73%), and <i>not knowing how to get help</i> (50%). Common stigma barriers included <i>concerns about what family or friends might think</i>. Students expressed that both campus-based well-being and mental health care offered during flexible hours and accessible through online booking were important.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Student-tailored mental health literacy may be a sustainable approach to address the attitudinal and practical barriers identified. If such barriers are reduced, an increased service demand would be expected and improved efficiencies needed. A clear Statement of Services, an online singular point of access with embedded triage to signpost students to indicated levels of care, and clearly worked-out care pathways including to community-based services would better align with a stepped care model, improve efficiency and access, and foster realistic expectations around university mental health support.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"841-851"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Correlates of Antipsychotic Plasma Levels with Long-Acting Paliperidone: Corrélats cliniques des concentrations plasmiques de palipéridone à libération prolongée.","authors":"Robert B Zipursky, Ofer Agid, Michael Kiang, Gary Remington","doi":"10.1177/07067437241295648","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241295648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The majority of patients with schizophrenia experience dramatic improvement in psychotic symptoms when treated with antipsychotic medication. Maintenance treatment can prevent relapses but problems with medication adherence limit effectiveness. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) provide an opportunity to establish adherence but challenges remain in ensuring that the dose selected is therapeutic. Therapeutic drug monitoring has not been established as valuable for LAIs in the maintenance treatment of schizophrenia. This exploratory study was undertaken to describe plasma paliperidone levels in outpatients treated with the LAI paliperidone palmitate and to determine whether paliperidone levels are associated with subjective experience on medication and side effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-one outpatients with schizophrenia receiving treatment with LAI paliperidone consented to participation in this study. Blood samples were obtained for measurement of paliperidone and prolactin levels at the first visit. A second paliperidone level was obtained at the time of the next injection for 18 of the participants. Clinical rating scales were administered at the first visit to assess illness severity, attitudes regarding medication, subjective well-being and side effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Paliperidone levels were highly correlated at the two time points (ρ = .85; <i>P</i> < .001). Mean paliperidone level at the first visit was 34.9 ng/ml and ranged from 5.1 to 73.9 ng/ml. Higher paliperidone levels were correlated with higher prolactin levels (ρ = 0.59, <i>P</i> < .01) and lower sexual desire (ρ = -.58, <i>P</i> < .01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrated that paliperidone levels can be measured reliably in patients receiving LAI paliperidone. Higher plasma levels were associated with higher prolactin levels and reduced sexual desire but not with measures of subjective experience on medications or other side effects. Measurement of paliperidone levels in patients treated with paliperidone palmitate may have the potential to minimize the dose of medication prescribed and, in turn, the severity of sexual side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"7067437241295648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11565505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics of Inpatients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Treated with Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Population-Level Cross-Sectional Study: Titre: Caractéristiques cliniques des patients hospitalisés présentant un trouble du spectre de la schizophrénie et traités par électrochocs : Une étude de population transversale.","authors":"Tyler S Kaster, Amreen Babujee, Isobel Sharpe, Taeho Greg Rhee, Tara Gomes, Paul Kurdyak, George Foussias, Duminda Wijeysundera, Daniel M Blumberger, Simone N Vigod","doi":"10.1177/07067437241290181","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241290181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an evidence-based treatment for schizophrenia when anti-psychotic medications do not sufficiently control symptoms of psychosis or rapid response is required. Little is known about how it is used in routine clinical practice. The aim of this study was to identify the association of demographic and clinical characteristics with administration of ECT for schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Among psychiatric inpatients with a diagnosis of SSD in Ontario, Canada (2006-2023), patient-level socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were described in those who did and did not receive ECT. We used multi-variable logistic regression to assess the association between patient-level characteristics and administration of ECT during index hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 164,632 admissions, 2,168 (1.3%) involved exposure to ≥1 inpatient ECT procedure. Compared to those not receiving ECT, those receiving ECT were older, had higher rates of pre-admission medication use, medical and psychiatric comorbidities, outpatient mental health service use, but lower rates of substance use disorders. In the multi-variable logistic regression model, patient-level characteristics most strongly associated with receiving inpatient ECT were the presence of catatonia (odds ratio [OR]: 5.83; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 4.01-8.46), comorbid depression (OR: 2.49; 95% CI: 2.07-2.98), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.55-3.00), while characteristics most strongly associated with not receiving inpatient ECT were myocardial infarction (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.20-0.95) and family conflict towards patient (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.31-0.71). Neither severity of psychotic symptoms, non-command auditory hallucinations nor delusions were associated with administration of ECT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While characteristics associated with the use of ECT are generally consistent with the indications for ECT (e.g., catatonia, mood disorders), ECT is rarely used amongst individuals with SSD. Severity of psychotic symptoms was not associated with the use of inpatient ECT suggesting an opportunity to increase the use of ECT in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"7067437241290181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive-Behavioural Social Skills Training: Mediation of Treatment Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial for Youth at Risk of Psychosis: L'entraînement aux compétences sociales cognitivo-comportementales : variables médiatrices des résultats thérapeutiques dans le cadre d'un essai clinique randomisé pour les jeunes présentant un risque de psychose.","authors":"Daniel J Devoe, Lu Liu, Amy Braun, Kristin S Cadenhead, Barbara A Cornblatt, Eric Granholm, Jean Addington","doi":"10.1177/07067437241295636","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241295636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Currently, there are no effective treatments for functional outcomes (i.e., role and social) and negative symptoms for youth at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. Investigations into possible mechanisms that may contribute to the improvement of functioning and negative symptoms are needed in CHR research to help inform psychosocial treatments. The present study examined whether functioning and negative symptoms were mediated by asocial beliefs, defeatist beliefs, self-efficacy, maladaptive schemas, anxiety, depression, social cognition, or attenuated psychotic symptoms (APS) in a large clinical trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CHR participants (<i>n</i> = 203; 104 females; 99 males) were recruited as part of a three-site randomized control trial comparing group cognitive-behavioural social skills training (CBSST) versus a supportive therapy group. Mediation analyses were conducted to test the relationships between treatment group, mediators (asocial beliefs, defeatist beliefs, self-efficacy, maladaptive schemas, anxiety, depression, social cognition, and APS), and outcome (social and role functioning, and negative symptoms). The mediation analyses employed conditional process path analysis via ordinary least squares regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the end of treatment, but not 12-month follow-up, more severe APS were found to mediate the impact of treatment on negative symptoms, and social and role functioning. The greater the severity of APS, the less likely that CBSST would result in improvement in negative symptoms and social and role functioning. Many of the other variables showed significant associations with social (less for role) functioning and negative symptoms but did not mediate the effect of treatment on these outcomes at the end of treatment or 12-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There were no significant mediators except for APS at the end of treatment. Since more severe APS may result in participants being unable to fully participate in therapy and thus limit their gains, clinical implications may include offering some individual therapy to prepare these young people to benefit from the group treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"7067437241295636"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Age Gap as a Predictor of Early Treatment Response and Functional Outcomes in First-Episode Schizophrenia: A Longitudinal Study: L'écart d'âge cérébral comme prédicteur de la réponse en début de traitement et des résultats fonctionnels dans un premier épisode de schizophrénie : une étude longitudinale.","authors":"Lejia Fan, Zhenmei Zhang, Xiaoqian Ma, Liangbing Liang, Liu Yuan, Lijun Ouyang, Yujue Wang, Zongchang Li, Xiaogang Chen, Ying He, Lena Palaniyappan","doi":"10.1177/07067437241293981","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07067437241293981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Accelerated brain aging, i.e., the age-related structural changes in the brain appearing earlier than expected from one's chronological age, is a feature that is now well established in schizophrenia. Often interpreted as a feature of a progressive pathophysiological process that typifies schizophrenia, its prognostic relevance is still unclear. We investigate its role in response to antipsychotic treatment in first-episode schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 49 drug-naive patients with schizophrenia who were then treated with risperidone at a standard dose range of 2-6 mg/day. We followed them up for 3 months to categorize their response status. We acquired T1-weighted anatomical images and used the XGboost method to evaluate individual brain age. The brain age gap (BAG) is the difference between the predicted brain age and chronological age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with FES had more pronounced BAG compared to healthy subjects, and this difference was primarily driven by those who did not respond adequately after 12 weeks of treatment. BAG did not worsen significantly over the 12-week period, indicating a lack of prominent brain-ageing effect induced by the early antipsychotic exposure per se. However, highly symptomatic patients had a more prominent increase in BAG, while patients with higher BAG when initiating treatment later showed lower gains in global functioning upon treatment, highlighting the prognostic value of BAG measures in FES.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accelerated brain aging is a feature of first-episode schizophrenia that is more likely to be seen among those who will not respond adequately to first-line antipsychotic use. Given that early poor response indicates later treatment resistance, measuring BAG using structural MRI in the first 12 weeks of treatment initiation may provide useful prognostic information when considering second-line treatments in schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":55283,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Psychiatry-Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie","volume":" ","pages":"7067437241293981"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}