Isabella Lima Siman, Lais Martins de Aquino, Leandro Hideki Ynoue, Juliana Silva Miranda, Ana Claudia Arantes Marquez Pajuaba, Jair Pereira Cunha-Júnior, Deise Aparecida Oliveira Silva, Ernesto Akio Taketomi
{"title":"Allergen-specific IgG antibodies purified from mite-allergic patients sera block the IgE recognition of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigens: an in vitro study.","authors":"Isabella Lima Siman, Lais Martins de Aquino, Leandro Hideki Ynoue, Juliana Silva Miranda, Ana Claudia Arantes Marquez Pajuaba, Jair Pereira Cunha-Júnior, Deise Aparecida Oliveira Silva, Ernesto Akio Taketomi","doi":"10.1155/2013/657424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/657424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the purposes of specific immunotherapy (SIT) is to modulate humoral immune response against allergens with significant increases in allergen-specific IgG levels, commonly associated with blocking activity. The present study investigated in vitro blocking activity of allergen-specific IgG antibodies on IgE reactivity to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dpt) in sera from atopic patients. Dpt-specific IgG antibodies were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by protein-G affinity chromatography. Purity was checked by SDS-PAGE and immunoreactivity by slot-blot and immunoblot assays. The blocking activity was evaluated by inhibition ELISA. The electrophoretic profile of the ammonium sulfate precipitated fraction showed strongly stained bands in ligand fraction after chromatography, compatible with molecular weight of human whole IgG molecule. The purity degree was confirmed by detecting strong immunoreactivity to IgG, negligible to IgA, and no reactivity to IgE and IgM. Dpt-specific IgG fraction was capable of significantly reducing levels of IgE anti-Dpt, resulting in 35%-51% inhibition of IgE reactivity to Dpt in atopic patients sera. This study showed that allergen-specific IgG antibodies purified from mite-allergic patients sera block the IgE recognition of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigens. This approach reinforces that intermittent measurement of serum allergen-specific IgG antibodies will be an important objective laboratorial parameter that will help specialists to follow their patients under SIT. </p>","PeriodicalId":55254,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Developmental Immunology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"657424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/657424","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31760703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vinh T Dang, Kedar D Mandakhalikar, Oi-Wing Ng, Yee-Joo Tan
{"title":"A simple methodology for conversion of mouse monoclonal antibody to human-mouse chimeric form.","authors":"Vinh T Dang, Kedar D Mandakhalikar, Oi-Wing Ng, Yee-Joo Tan","doi":"10.1155/2013/716961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/716961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Passive immunotherapy has mainly been used as a therapy against cancer and inflammatory conditions. Recent studies have shown that monoclonal antibody-(mAb-) based passive immunotherapy is a promising approach to combat virus infection. Specific mouse mAbs can be routinely generated in large amounts with the use of hybridoma technology but these cannot be used for therapy in human beings due to their immunogenicity. Therefore, the development of chimeric and humanized mAbs is important for therapeutic purpose. This is facilitated by a variety of molecular techniques like recombinant DNA technology and the better understanding of the structure and function of antibody. The human-mouse chimeric forms allow detailed analysis of the mechanism of inhibition and the potential for therapeutic applications. Here, a step-by-step description of the conversion process will be described. The commercial availability of the reagents required in each step means that this experimentation can be easily set up in research laboratories. </p>","PeriodicalId":55254,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Developmental Immunology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"716961"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/716961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31769333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Serum interleukin-6 expression level and its clinical significance in patients with dermatomyositis.","authors":"Min Yang, Xiaomin Cen, Qibing Xie, Chuan Zuo, Guixiu Shi, Geng Yin","doi":"10.1155/2013/717808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/717808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression level and its clinical significance in patients with dermatomyositis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood samples from 23 adult patients with dermatomyositis (DM), 22 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 22 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 16 with Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and 20 healthy controls were collected. The IL-6 concentration was detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Correlations between IL-6 expression levels and clinical features or laboratory findings in patients with DM were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IL-6 expression level of DM patients was significantly higher than that of normal controls, significantly lower than that of RA patients, and slightly lower than that of SLE or SS patients with no significant differences. The incidence of fever was significantly higher in the IL-6 elevated group. Serum ferritin (SF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were positively correlated with IL-6.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IL-6 plays a less important role in DM than in RA. IL-6 monoclonal antibodies may have poor effect in patients with DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":55254,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Developmental Immunology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"717808"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/717808","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31773358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evidence for prion-like mechanisms in several neurodegenerative diseases: potential implications for immunotherapy.","authors":"Kristen Marciniuk, Ryan Taschuk, Scott Napper","doi":"10.1155/2013/473706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/473706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are fatal, untreatable neurodegenerative diseases. While the impact of TSEs on human health is relatively minor, these diseases are having a major influence on how we view, and potentially treat, other more common neurodegenerative disorders. Until recently, TSEs encapsulated a distinct category of neurodegenerative disorder, exclusive in their defining characteristic of infectivity. It now appears that similar mechanisms of self-propagation may underlie other proteinopathies such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease. This link is of scientific interest and potential therapeutic importance as this route of self-propagation offers conceptual support and guidance for vaccine development efforts. Specifically, the existence of a pathological, self-promoting isoform offers a rational vaccine target. Here, we review the evidence of prion-like mechanisms within a number of common neurodegenerative disorders and speculate on potential implications and opportunities for vaccine development. </p>","PeriodicalId":55254,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Developmental Immunology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"473706"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/473706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31862488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhifeng Gu, Jinxia Jiang, Wei Tan, Yunfei Xia, Haixia Cao, Yan Meng, Zhanyun Da, Hong Liu, Chun Cheng
{"title":"p53/p21 Pathway involved in mediating cellular senescence of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients.","authors":"Zhifeng Gu, Jinxia Jiang, Wei Tan, Yunfei Xia, Haixia Cao, Yan Meng, Zhanyun Da, Hong Liu, Chun Cheng","doi":"10.1155/2013/134243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/134243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our and other groups have found that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients exhibited senescent behavior and are involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. Numerous studies have shown that activation of the p53/p21 pathway inhibits the proliferation of BM-MSCs. The aim of this study was to determine whether p53/p21 pathway is involved in regulating the aging of BM-MSCs from SLE patients and the underlying mechanisms. We further confirmed that BM-MSCs from SLE patients showed characteristics of senescence. The expressions of p53 and p21 were significantly increased, whereas levels of Cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinase-2, and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein were decreased in the BM-MSCs from SLE patients and knockdown of p21 expression reversed the senescent features of BM-MSCs from SLE patients. Our results demonstrated that p53/p21 pathway played an important role in the senescence process of BM-MSCs from SLE. </p>","PeriodicalId":55254,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Developmental Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"134243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/134243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40259858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María C Jiménez-Martínez, Ricardo Lascurain, Aniela Méndez-Reguera, Sergio Estrada-Parra, Iris Estrada-García, Patricia Gorocica, Salvador Martínez-Cairo, Edgar Zenteno, Raúl Chávez
{"title":"O-glycosylation of NnTreg lymphocytes recognized by the Amaranthus leucocarpus lectin.","authors":"María C Jiménez-Martínez, Ricardo Lascurain, Aniela Méndez-Reguera, Sergio Estrada-Parra, Iris Estrada-García, Patricia Gorocica, Salvador Martínez-Cairo, Edgar Zenteno, Raúl Chávez","doi":"10.1155/2013/506807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/506807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>O-glycosidically-linked glycans have been involved in development, maturation, homing, and immune regulation in T cells. Previous reports indicate that Amaranthus leucocarpus lectin (ALL), specific for glycans containing galactose-N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylgalactosamine, recognizes human naïve CD27(+)CD25(+)CD4(+) T cells. Our aim was to evaluate the phenotype of CD4(+) T cells recognized by ALL in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from healthy volunteers. CD4(+) T cells were isolated by negative selection using magnetic beads-labeled monoclonal antibodies; the expression of T regulatory cell phenotypic markers was assessed on ALL-recognized cells. In addition, IL-4, IL-10, IFN-γ, and TGF-β intracellular production in ALL (+) cells was also evaluated. The analyses of phenotypic markers and intracellular cytokines were performed through flow cytometry. ALL-recognized CD4(+) T cells were mainly CD45RA(+), CCR7(+) cells. Although 52 ± 10% CD25(+)Foxp3(+) cells were positive to ALL, only 34 ± 4% of ALL (+) cells corresponded to CD25(+)Foxp3(-) cells. Intracellular cytokines in freshly obtained ALL (+)CD4(+) T cells exhibited 8% of IL-4, 15% of IL-10, 2% of IFN-γ, and 15% of TGF-β, whereas ALL (-)CD4(+) T cells depicted 1% of IL-4, 2% of IL-10, <1% of IFN-γ, and 6% of TGF-β. Our results show that galactose-N-acetylgalactosamine and N-galactosamine-bearing CD4(+) T cells expressed phenotypic markers of NnTreg cells. </p>","PeriodicalId":55254,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Developmental Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"506807"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/506807","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40277213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaping Li, Chenghui Huang, Ming Zhao, Gongping Liang, Rong Xiao, Susan Yung, Tak Mao Chan, Qianjin Lu
{"title":"A possible role of HMGB1 in DNA demethylation in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.","authors":"Yaping Li, Chenghui Huang, Ming Zhao, Gongping Liang, Rong Xiao, Susan Yung, Tak Mao Chan, Qianjin Lu","doi":"10.1155/2013/206298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/206298","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aberrant activity of CD4(+) T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with DNA hypomethylation of the regulatory regions in CD11a and CD70 genes. Our previous studies demonstrated that Gadd45a contributes to the development of SLE by promoting DNA demethylation in CD4(+) T cells. In this study, we identified proteins that bind to Gadd45a in CD4(+) T cells during SLE flare by using the method of co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, High mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1) is one of identified proteins. Furthermore, gene and protein expression of HMGB1 was significantly increased in SLE CD4(+) T cells compared to controls, and HMGB1 mRNA was correlated with CD11a and CD70 mRNA. A significant, positive correlation was found between HMGB1 mRNA and SLEDAI for SLE patients. Our data demonstrate that HMGB1 binds to Gadd45a and may be involved in DNA demethylation in CD4(+) T cells during lupus flare. </p>","PeriodicalId":55254,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Developmental Immunology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"206298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/206298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31773357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Possible implication of Fc γ receptor-mediated trogocytosis in susceptibility to systemic autoimmune disease.","authors":"Sakiko Masuda, Sari Iwasaki, Utano Tomaru, Tomohisa Baba, Kazuaki Katsumata, Akihiro Ishizu","doi":"10.1155/2013/345745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/345745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leukocytes can \"gnaw away\" the plasma membrane of other cells. This phenomenon, called trogocytosis, occurs subsequent to cell-to-cell adhesion. Currently, two mechanisms of trogocytosis, adhesion molecule-mediated trogocytosis and Fc γ receptor-(Fc γ R-) mediated trogocytosis, have been identified. In our earlier study, we established an in vitro model of Fc γ R-mediated trogocytosis, namely, CD8 translocation model from T cells to neutrophils. By using this model, we demonstrated that the molecules transferred to neutrophils via Fc γ R-mediated trogocytosis were taken into the cytoplasm immediately. This result suggests that the chance of molecules transferred via Fc γ R-mediated trogocytosis to play a role on the cell surface could be time-limited. Thus, we consider the physiological role of Fc γ R-mediated trogocytosis as a means to remove antibodies (Abs) that bind with self-molecules rather than to extract molecules from other cells. This concept means that Fc γ R-mediated trogocytosis can be a defense mechanism to Ab-mediated autoimmune response. Moreover, the activity of Fc γ R-mediated trogocytosis was revealed to be parallel to the endocytotic activity of neutrophils, which was critically related to the susceptibility to systemic autoimmune diseases. The collective findings suggest that Fc γ R-mediated trogocytosis could physiologically play a role in removal of Abs bound to self-antigens and prevent autoimmune diseases. </p>","PeriodicalId":55254,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Developmental Immunology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"345745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/345745","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31780050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanyuan Wu, Junlin Zhang, Feng Liu, Cheng Yang, Yufang Zhang, Aifen Liu, Lan Shi, Yajun Wu, Tongyu Zhu, Michael L Nicholson, Yaping Fan, Bin Yang
{"title":"Protective effects of HBSP on ischemia reperfusion and cyclosporine a induced renal injury.","authors":"Yuanyuan Wu, Junlin Zhang, Feng Liu, Cheng Yang, Yufang Zhang, Aifen Liu, Lan Shi, Yajun Wu, Tongyu Zhu, Michael L Nicholson, Yaping Fan, Bin Yang","doi":"10.1155/2013/758159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/758159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemia reperfusion (IR) and cyclosporine A (CsA) injuries are unavoidable in kidney transplantation and are associated with allograft dysfunction. Herein, the effect and mechanism of a novel tissue protective peptide, helix B surface peptide (HBSP) derived from erythropoietin, were investigated in a rat model. The right kidney was subjected to 45 min ischemia, followed by left nephrectomy and 2-week reperfusion, with or without daily treatment of CsA 25 mg/kg and/or HBSP 8 nmol/kg. Blood urea nitrogen was increased by CsA but decreased by HBSP at 1 week and 2 weeks, while the same changes were revealed in urinary protein/creatinine only at 2 weeks. HBSP also significantly ameliorated tubulointerstitial damage and interstitial fibrosis, which were gradually increased by IR and CsA. In addition, apoptotic cells, infiltrated inflammatory cells, and active caspase-3+ cells were greatly reduced by HBSP in the both IR and IR + CsA groups. The 17 kD active caspase-3 protein was decreased by HBSP in the IR and IR + CsA kidneys, with decreased mRNA only in the IR + CsA kidneys. Taken together, it has been demonstrated, for the first time, that HBSP effectively improved renal function and tissue damage caused by IR and/or CsA, which might be through reducing caspase-3 activation and synthesis, apoptosis, and inflammation. </p>","PeriodicalId":55254,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Developmental Immunology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"758159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/758159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31908792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Propofol reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced, NADPH oxidase (NOX 2) mediated TNF- α and IL-6 production in macrophages.","authors":"Tao Meng, Jingya Yu, Zhen Lei, Jianbo Wu, Shuqin Wang, Qiyu Bo, Xinyu Zhang, Zhiyong Ma, Jingui Yu","doi":"10.1155/2013/325481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/325481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During an infection, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is mediated, in large part, by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs); NOX2 is the major NOX isoform found in the macrophage cell membrane. While the immunomodulatory activity of propofol is highly documented, its effect on the LPS-induced NOX2/ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophages has not been addressed. In present study, we used murine macrophage cell line RAW264.7 pretreated with propofol and stimulated with LPS. IL-6 and TNF-α expression, ROS production, and NOX activity were determined. Results showed that propofol attenuated LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-6 expression. Moreover, LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of NF-κB and generation of ROS were weakened in response to propofol. Propofol also reduced LPS-induced NOX activity and expression of gp91phox and p47phox. We conclude that propofol modulates LPS signaling in macrophages by reducing NOX-mediated production of TNF-α and IL-6. </p>","PeriodicalId":55254,"journal":{"name":"Clinical & Developmental Immunology","volume":"2013 ","pages":"325481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/325481","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31985403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}