Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Aqueous humour concentration of topically applied 2.0% ganciclovir eye drops in eyes with cytomegalovirus anterior uveitis and endotheliitis.","authors":"Samanthila Waduthantri, Lei Zhou, Soon Phaik Chee","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.14469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the level of ganciclovir in the aqueous humour (AH) following topical application of 2.0% ganciclovir eye drop in eyes with cytomegalovirus (CMV) anterior segment infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective, non-randomised, interventional clinical study. We enrolled patients with active CMV anterior segment infection. Patients were treated with 2.0% ganciclovir eye drop, which was administered one drop every 3 h for 6 weeks. At the end of week 6, the CMV viral load in the AH was measured using real time polymerase chain reaction and the ganciclovir concentration in the AH was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The clinical activity and central corneal thickness (CCT) were recorded at baseline and post-treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 25 eyes of 25 patients studied, 21 had anterior uveitis and 4 had endotheliitis. After 6 weeks of treatment, 22 eyes did not have any inflammation in the anterior chamber (AC) and CMV was undetectable on real time PCR. Three eyes of non-compliant patients responded partially with reduced AC inflammation and decreased CMV viral load in the AH. The mean ganciclovir concentration in the AH was 1252.88 ± 2408.82 ng/mL. There was no significant correlation between the ganciclovir concentration in the AH and the CCT (Spearmen's r = +0.19, p = 0.36).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Three-hourly application of 2.0% ganciclovir eye drops resulted in effective intra-cameral penetration with drug concentrations in the AH exceeding the 50% inhibitory dose for CMV replication. The ocular penetration of the ganciclovir eye drop was not dependent on corneal thickness.</p>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MFRP, PRSS56, and MYRF account for 60.5% of a Chinese cohort with nanophthalmos","authors":"Jing Tao MD, PhD,&nbsp;Zi-Bing Jin MD, PhD,&nbsp;Ren-Juan Shen MD, PhD","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14465","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14465","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to present the genetic profile of a rare ocular disease nanophthalmos (NO) in a large Chinese cohort, to explore its genetic characteristics and genotype–phenotype correlations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 43 unrelated pedigrees diagnosed with NO were recruited. Whole exome sequencing and copy number variation analysis were performed, followed by validation and pathogenicity classification of the detected variants.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The overall genetic diagnostic rate was 60.5%. Twenty-eight unique genetic variants of <i>MFRP</i>, <i>PRSS56</i>, and <i>MYRF</i> have been identified, of which 19 were reported for the first time. The c.1486G&gt;A variant in <i>MFRP</i> and the c.1066dupC variant in <i>PRSS56</i> were the two most frequent variants. Patients with variants in <i>MFRP</i> or <i>PRSS56</i> tended to possess shorter axial lengths than those with <i>MYRF</i> variants. Among patients with <i>MFRP</i> null variants, a higher proportion developed uveal effusion syndrome (UES) than did those without null variants, whereas among patients with <i>PRSS56</i> null variants, a greater number of patients developed angle-closure glaucoma (ACG). A higher proportion of <i>MFRP</i>-related NO patients developed both UES and ACG.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>MFRP, PRSS56</i>, and <i>MYRF</i> account for the majority of genetic causes of NO. <i>MFRP</i>-related NO patients tend to exhibit a strong predisposition to complications. Null variants in <i>MFRP</i> and <i>PRSS56</i> may increase susceptibility to clinical complications. This study provides insights into the genetic landscape and clinical characteristics of NO. These findings will lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying nanophthalmos and other diseases associated with eye development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"53 2","pages":"194-208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilisation of patient-centred outcome measures in age-related macular degeneration research and clinical practice: A systematic review","authors":"Cheng Yi Loo MBChB,&nbsp;Eva K. Fenwick PhD,&nbsp;Ryan E. K. Man PhD,&nbsp;Ecosse L. Lamoureux PhD,&nbsp;Anna C. S. Tan MBBS, PhD","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14466","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14466","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify the utilisation, type, and psychometric properties of patient-centered outcome measures (PCOMs) associated with the performance-based assessment of visual function (VF) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in clinical care and research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic literature search identified studies, available in English, that used PCOMs to assess VF in patients with any AMD severity, published from January 2015 to November 2023. Two researchers screened studies for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) 2018 and assessed the psychometric properties of the PCOMs with the guidance of Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 514 studies shortlisted in the literature, 31 were eligible with the majority (77.4%) fulfilling all the MMAT criteria, indicating good quality. The most used PCOM was reading (14/31 = 45.1%), with 5 of the 14 studies (35.7%) showing that the increasing severity and/or progression of AMD were associated with a worsening reading ability. AMD also negatively affected mobility and physical activity levels (7/31 = 22.6%), and visual search and exploration (4/31 = 12.9%). Based on the COSMIN checklist, apart from reading and physical activity measured with the accelerometer, the other PCOMs had ‘inadequate’ psychometric properties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Limited published studies include PCOMs as an assessment of VF in AMD patients. Apart from reading, there is a lack of robust validation data to support the widespread use of other PCOMs. Hence, well-designed, robustly validated, and simple to use PCOMs are required for more widespread implementation in AMD clinical care and research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"53 2","pages":"161-174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of obesity and metabolic syndrome with incident primary open angle glaucoma in the UK Biobank","authors":"Carmelo Z. Macri MBBS, MPhil,&nbsp;Christopher X. Wong MBBS, PhD,&nbsp;Samuel J. Tu MBBS(Hons),&nbsp;David F. Sun MBBS,&nbsp;Robert Casson FRANZCO, DPhil,&nbsp;Kuldev Singh MD, MPH,&nbsp;Sophia Wang MD, MS,&nbsp;Michelle T. Sun MBBS, PhD","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14467","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14467","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We sought to investigate the association between obesity, metabolic syndrome, and metabolic health with incident primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 103 249 UK Biobank participants without previously diagnosed glaucoma or glaucoma-related procedures at enrolment. The primary outcome was POAG identified from diagnostic coding via linked hospital inpatient and primary care data. We used multivariable Cox regression to evaluate the association of body mass index (BMI), and the interaction with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and a novel definition of metabolic health status with incident POAG. BMI was modelled as a time-varying coefficient. Multivariable analysis was adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, intraocular pressure, spherical equivalent, polygenic risk score and stratified by the presence of primary care data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 471 events of incident POAG over 464 117 580 person-years and a mean follow-up of 12.6 years [Correction added on 18 December 2024, after first online publication: in the “Results” section of the Abstract, the events of incident POAG have been corrected from 647 to 471]. At baseline (time = 0), each one unit increase in BMI was associated with a 9% lower hazard of incident glaucoma (HR 0.91, CI 0.86–0.97, <i>p</i> = 0.0066). Further, compared to a normal BMI range of 18.5–24 kg/m², a BMI ≥30 kg/m² was associated with a 65% relative hazard reduction (HR 0.35, CI 0.16–0.80, <i>p</i> = 0.012). There was no significant interaction between BMI and metabolic syndrome or metabolic health (all <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effect of BMI on the risk of incident POAG varied with time. Higher BMI was associated with a decreased risk of incident POAG in this large prospective cohort. There was no significant association with systemic metabolic health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"53 2","pages":"133-139"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eye diseases in chronic kidney disease: A nationwide longitudinal case–control study in Sweden","authors":"Pablo Ballester Dolz MD,&nbsp;Karin Ålander MSc,&nbsp;Petra Smedberg MSc,&nbsp;Per Vihlborg PhD,&nbsp;Ing-liss Bryngelsson MSc,&nbsp;Jessica Westerlund PhD,&nbsp;Karim Makdoumi PhD","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14464","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14464","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health issue that is becoming more prevalent globally, increasing financial cost on healthcare systems. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of eye diseases in patients diagnosed with CKD in Sweden and to evaluate which eye diseases are most likely to develop.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A longitudinal population-based retrospective case–control study was conducted including all individuals diagnosed with chronic kidney disease during the time period 2001–2019. A total of 19 455 cases and 38 890 controls were included. For each case, two controls were matched with the same sex, age, and county of residence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CKD patients had a significantly higher risk of contracting any eye disease compared to individuals without kidney disease HR 1.73 (CI 1.67–1.79), with an elevated risk for all blocks of diagnoses except for glaucoma HR 0.95 (CI 0.85–1.06). However, this condition developed earlier in cases than in controls. Subanalyses showed an increased risk for chronic eye disease patients to develop cataract HR 1.70 (CI 1.63–1.78), other retinal disorders HR 1.86 (CI 1.72–2.02), and retinal vascular occlusions HR 2.08 (CI 1.73–2.51). In general, diagnosis of an eye disease occurred earlier in cases than controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results from this study suggest that CKD patients have an increased risk to develop eye disease. Ocular disease seems to develop considerably earlier in CKD, even without staging the severity of the disease, with particularly high risk of developing retinal diseases and cataracts. Screening for eye disease in CKD should be considered.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"53 2","pages":"209-217"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ceo.14464","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is it time to consider how we approach bilateral same-day cataract surgery?","authors":"Michael Lawless FRANZCO","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14436","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14436","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In this issue of CEO, Ng et al.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; explore ophthalmologists' attitudes to performing immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) with a survey of ophthalmologists in Singapore. The study also looks at ophthalmologist's appetite for ISBCS around the world, from a low of 13.9% performing this type of surgery in the United Kingdom to a high of 86% among Kaiser Permanente ophthalmologists in an HMO model in the United States. In Singapore, 27.6% practise ISBCS, and the most commonly cited reason being convenience for patients and faster rehabilitation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Well, why not?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Dr Michael Goggin&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; in an editorial on the same subject in 2015 concluded ‘when we are at a point where complication rates are as low as can be achieved, when we have access, for instance to a routinely commercially available prophylactic intracameral antibiotic, when surgeons learn that they can trust their biometers and IOL power formulas, then perhaps we may be persuaded to move to ISBCS’.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Is it reasonable for us, nearly a decade later, to consider whether that time has arrived?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The most recent data from Australia is a snapshot of current practice from a survey by Sutton and Hodge.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The feedback on this survey was provided by 194 RANZCO Fellows. Only 4.1% of ophthalmologists offered ISBCS, and of those who did perform it, 69% offered it in 5%–10% of their patients. It would appear to be the lowest rate of ISBCS in the world!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The current RANCZO guidelines&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; question the quality of evidence regarding ISBCS and leaves the decision with the surgeon and the patient without giving specific advice.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are essentially three arguments against ISBCS. The first is the risk of bilateral simultaneous postoperative endophthalmitis, and the second is the risk of bilateral simultaneous toxic anterior segment syndrome. The third is possible inaccurate intraocular lens selection in the first eye, implying that lens selection in the second eye can be improved with knowledge of the result from the first eye. This could involve the power of the IOL (spherical and/or toric error) or the type of IOL, for example, is the patient going to tolerate a presbyopia correcting IOL with complex optics such as a trifocal or EDOF in the first eye before deciding whether to implant a similar or different IOL in the second eye. I argued that the IOL power issue could no longer be taken seriously in a chapter written in a textbook on ISBCS.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; If this was a serious argument, the time between surgeries would be a minimum of 6 weeks to be truly certain of the refractive result in the first eye. Even surgeons who are opposed to ISBCS do not argue for this time interval between surgeries. With modern formulae, tear film optimisation, and better surgical techniques for toric intraocular lens orientation, the delay on accuracy grounds, for the majority of routin","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"52 8","pages":"795-796"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ceo.14436","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuing Professional Development","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14458","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14458","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"52 8","pages":"897-899"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bringing Mohammad to the mountain: New strategies for intravitreal therapy service delivery","authors":"Fred K. Chen PhD, FRANZCO,&nbsp;Rachael C. Heath Jeffery MPH, MChD,&nbsp;Adrian T. Fung MMed, FRANZCO","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14457","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14457","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents is a well-established therapeutic option for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD),&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; diabetic macular oedema (DMO)&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The number of Medicare claims for intravitreal injections (item#42738) has increased from 181 140 to 621 001 per annum from 2012 to 2022; the equivalent of 8–24 injections per 1000 population-year.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; This is increase is due to, in part, the expanding indications and improved patient access. With the rapidly growing demand, advances in treatments and models of care are essential to provide sufficient service delivery to patients requiring intravitreal therapy (IVT). Broadly, the considerations of an IVT service can be divided into pharmacologic agents, treatment regimens, drug delivery, staffing, treatment setup and complications management.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Newer pharmacological agents show promise for increased durability. Faricimab (Vabysmo) allows treatment intervals of up to 16 weeks in around 60% of patients after 2 years of treatment for nAMD&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and DMO.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Aflibercept 8 mg (Eylea HD) allows for maintenance of 16 week treatment intervals in 70% of nAMD patients and 84% of DMO patients after 2 years of treatment, with 28% of nAMD patients even meeting criteria for 24 week intervals. A direct comparison between these two agents cannot be made, as true head-to-head studies are yet to be conducted and the treatment and extension criteria for their pivotal phase III studies differed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Monthly administration is not feasible nor necessary in all patients. Compared with fixed dosing, a treat-and-extend (T&amp;E) regimen has been shown to reduce the treatment burden without compromising efficacy in patients requiring anti-VEGF agents for nAMD.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; There is less consensus for treatment regimens in treating DMO, although a recent systematic review supports the use of T&amp;E in this disease too.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The port delivery system (PDS) allows at least a six monthly refill-exchange,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; but has a higher rate of endophthalmitis than intravitreal injections at around 2%,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and does not necessarily reduce visit burden as the device itself requires surveillance for local complications. Intraocular gene therapy (intravitreal, subretinal or suprachoroidal) holds the promise of lifelong treatment,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; but this has been associated with up to a 21%–45% rate of vector-related uveitis.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Worldwide, the vast majority of intravitreal injections are still performed by ophthalmologists. Variances in this model are seen in some centres in the UK and Singapore, where nurses can administer intravitreal injections under ophthalmology supervision. Virtual AMD cl","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"52 8","pages":"797-799"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ceo.14457","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of and chorioretinal circulation during repeated low-level red-light therapy for myopic children","authors":"Zhaoxin Jiang MD, PhD,&nbsp;Shuyu Chen MD,&nbsp;Renchun Wang MD,&nbsp;Jin Ma MD, PhD","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14462","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14462","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the safety of repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy in children, and the dynamic evolution of choroidal and retinal blood flow.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a single-centre, randomised, single-blind, parallel-group clinical trial. Seventy myopic children were randomly assigned to either the intervention group [receiving RLRL therapy plus single-vision spectacle (SVS)] or the control group (wearing SVS). Participants underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations following their first irradiation, 9 months continuous RLRL therapy and stop of treatment. Quantitative analyses of choroidal and retinal microcirculation were analysed via optical coherence tomography angiography.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 9 months of treatment, while the RLRL treatment demonstrated significantly less increases in refractive error and axial length compared with the SVS treatment (<i>p</i>s &lt; 0.05), no abnormalities in fundus structure or visual function (mfERG, VEP and microperimetry) were detected (<i>p</i>s &gt; 0.05). A single red-light exposure did not exert a significant influence on choroidal thickness (<i>p</i>s &gt; 0.05). Upon continuous treatment, the RLRL group achieved peak values in these circulations at 9 months (<i>p</i>s &lt; 0.05). Following cessation of exposure, all circulations exhibited a declining trend, reaching similar levels in both groups (<i>p</i>s &gt; 0.05). As the frequency of red-light exposures intensified, there was a consistent surge in these circulations (<i>p</i>s &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nine months of continuous RLRL exposure does not cause toxic side effects on retinal or optic nerve functions, and there is a time-dependent cumulative response in choroidal and retinal circulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"53 2","pages":"119-132"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unnecessary duplication of human leukocyte antigen testing for uveitis in an Australian tertiary hospital","authors":"Mark B. Beecher,&nbsp;Carmelo Macri MBBS, MPhil,&nbsp;Pravin Hissaria MD, FRACP,&nbsp;Weng Onn Chan MPhil, FRANZCO","doi":"10.1111/ceo.14459","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ceo.14459","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55253,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology","volume":"53 1","pages":"103-104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}