Clinical Neuropathology最新文献

Isolated Rosai-Dorfman disease of the cerebellum: A rare presentation of a histiocytic disorder mimicking a posterior fossa neoplasm. 孤立的小脑Rosai-Dorfman病：一种罕见的组织细胞疾病，类似后窝肿瘤。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Clinical Neuropathology Pub Date : 2026-10-30 DOI: 10.5414/NP301739

Jennifer Garry, Temur Nasibov, Jeremy Sargent, Catherine Moran, Alan Beausang

{"title":"Isolated Rosai-Dorfman disease of the cerebellum: A rare presentation of a histiocytic disorder mimicking a posterior fossa neoplasm.","authors":"Jennifer Garry, Temur Nasibov, Jeremy Sargent, Catherine Moran, Alan Beausang","doi":"10.5414/NP301739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5414/NP301739","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a benign histiocytic proliferation, typically presenting with massive cervical lymphadenopathy. Isolated intracranial RDD is rare, and primary cerebellar involvement is exceedingly uncommon [1, 2].Case presentation: We report a case of a 42-year old gentleman presenting with a 2-month history of early morning vomiting, balance disturbance, vertigo, and occipital headache. MRI revealed a 35 mm solid mass in the right cerebellar hemisphere with avid peripheral enhancement with cystic change/necrosis centrally, radiologically suggestive of high-grade primary tumor or a solitary metastasis. Surgical excision was performed. Histology showed cerebellar tissue diffusely infiltrated by a densely cellular lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrate composed of abundant small lymphocytes and sheets of large histiocytic cells with round to oval nuclei, small nucleoli, and voluminous pale eosinophilic cytoplasm. Several histiocytic cells showed evidence of emperipolesis, whereby histiocytic cells are seen to engulf lymphocytes, occasional plasma cells, and red blood cells. The histiocytes were S100 positive, CD68 positive, and CD1a negative, consistent with RDD.Conclusion: Isolated cerebellar RDD is an exceptionally rare entity that can closely mimic neoplastic lesions radiologically. Awareness of this diagnosis and recognition of its characteristic immunophenotype are essential to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary adjuvant therapy [2, 3].","PeriodicalId":55251,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149302313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 0.7 4区医学

Clinical Neuropathology Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.5414/NP301759

Ayame Watanabe, Yukiko Hata, Naoki Nishida

{"title":"Bath-related sudden death in pregnancy associated with post-hemorrhagic epilepsy: An autopsy case report.","authors":"Ayame Watanabe, Yukiko Hata, Naoki Nishida","doi":"10.5414/NP301759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5414/NP301759","url":null,"abstract":"Sudden unexpected death is a rare but clinically important event in pregnant women with epilepsy. This case report describes a fatal bathtub drowning in a pregnant woman with epilepsy secondary to pregnancy-related intracerebral hemorrhage. A 31-year-old woman at 6 months' gestation was found submerged in a bathtub filled with 41 °C water, and resuscitation attempts were unsuccessful. At age 29 years, she experienced intracerebral hemorrhage requiring hematoma evacuation during delivery of her first child and subsequently developed poststroke epilepsy. She had three nocturnal generalized tonic-clonic seizures before death. Autopsy revealed increased lung weight and frothy fluid in the airways, consistent with drowning. Neuropathological examination revealed a previous right frontal white matter hemorrhage involving the cortical surface, considered a potential epileptogenic focus. Microscopic examination revealed significant hemosiderin deposition and associated chronic inflammatory changes in the affected area, which may be linked to epileptogenesis. Despite treatment with the maximum dose of levetiracetam (3,000 mg/day), the postmortem blood concentration was near the lower limit of the therapeutic range. This case highlights the structural basis of epilepsy following pregnancy-related intracerebral hemorrhage, the difficulty in preventing fatal seizure-related events in pregnant women, and the potential role of hyperthermia during bathing as a seizure trigger.","PeriodicalId":55251,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A rare case of ultrastructurally proven toxoplasmic myositis masquerading as necrotizing myopathy with emphasis on pathobiology. 一个罕见的超微结构证实的弓形浆性肌炎伪装成坏死性肌病的病例，强调病理生物学。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Clinical Neuropathology Pub Date : 2026-10-13 DOI: 10.5414/NP301761

Rangasamy Thiruvengadam Rajeswarie, Sarthak Mittal, Govindaraj Periyasamy, Udit Saraf, Gopikrishnan Unnikrishnan

{"title":"A rare case of ultrastructurally proven toxoplasmic myositis masquerading as necrotizing myopathy with emphasis on pathobiology.","authors":"Rangasamy Thiruvengadam Rajeswarie, Sarthak Mittal, Govindaraj Periyasamy, Udit Saraf, Gopikrishnan Unnikrishnan","doi":"10.5414/NP301761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5414/NP301761","url":null,"abstract":"Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic infection caused by the obligate protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. In an immunocompetent human host, the parasite forms bradyzoites (tissue cysts), mainly in skeletal muscle, eye, brain, or cardiac muscle, and remains latent. Once cysts are established, type 1 cytokine-based immunity controls the conversion to tachyzoites from bradyzoites. We propose that short-term immunosuppression can only cause a transient defect in this cycle of conversion control. The temporary lapse in conversion control releases few tachyzoites, and the host immunity in response gives rise to cytokines that can cause polymyositis. Myositis and the presence of a parasite in the muscle biopsy are very rare, even in immunosuppressed patients. We present a case of a young man with quadriplegia after immunosuppression for dengue-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. We report a rare case of toxoplasmic myositis in a patient masquerading as necrotizing myopathy, with emphasis on the possible pathomechanism of myositis and ultrastructure of toxoplasma. We recommend that toxoplasma myositis should be included among the differentials of sudden muscular weakness, especially in an immunocompromised host. Our case highlights the crucial role of muscle biopsy in the diagnosis of toxoplasmic myositis. For early diagnosis, a systematic search for toxoplasmosis should be formulated in case of polymyositis, especially in immunocompromised patients, as a quicker identification of the parasite is possible and treatment response is also better in the early, acute phase of toxoplasmic myositis.","PeriodicalId":55251,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intracranial metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma with SMARCA4/BRG1 deficiency: A case report of a young patient easily misdiagnosed as atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor. 伴有SMARCA4/BRG1缺陷的肝癌颅内转移：1例易误诊为不典型畸胎瘤/横纹肌样瘤的年轻患者

IF 0.7 4区医学

Clinical Neuropathology Pub Date : 2026-09-25 DOI: 10.5414/NP301767

Zhipeng Shen, Yingjie Zhang

{"title":"Intracranial metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma with SMARCA4/BRG1 deficiency: A case report of a young patient easily misdiagnosed as atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor.","authors":"Zhipeng Shen, Yingjie Zhang","doi":"10.5414/NP301767","DOIUrl":"10.5414/NP301767","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent histological subtype of primary liver cancer, accounting for 80 - 90% of all cases.SMARCA4/BRG1 (Brahma-related gene 1) has been reported as a tumor-promoting factor in HCC, with high expression being associated with advanced stage and poor prognosis. At present, SMARCA4/BRG1-deficient HCC is an extremely rare subtype, accounting for less than 1% of cases, and intracranial metastasis arising from this subtype has been scarcely documented. We report a rare case of a young patient presenting with intracerebral hemorrhage as the initial manifestation, for whom the initial pathological diagnosis was atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, but eventually diagnosed with brain metastasis from SMARCA4/BRG1 deficient HCC. This case reminds us that in adult patients presenting with intracranial tumors exhibiting SMARCA4/BRG1 deficiency, a high index of suspicion for brain metastasis from HCC is warranted. SMARCA4/BRG1 deficiency typically endows tumors with increased invasiveness and suggests that this deficient state may reshape metastatic tropism, thereby conferring the ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier. These observations may provide a foundation for future studies investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying metastasis in this subset of tumors.","PeriodicalId":55251,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149042231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MRI features and imaging-pathology correlation of oligodendroglioma with IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion. IDH突变及1p/19q编码少突胶质细胞瘤的MRI表现及影像学病理相关性

IF 0.7 4区医学

Clinical Neuropathology Pub Date : 2026-09-10 DOI: 10.5414/NP301760

Pengfei Dong, Daolian Zheng, Cong Huang, Feng Wen, Peng He, Yujun Wang, Ruimin Zeng

{"title":"MRI features and imaging-pathology correlation of oligodendroglioma with IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion.","authors":"Pengfei Dong, Daolian Zheng, Cong Huang, Feng Wen, Peng He, Yujun Wang, Ruimin Zeng","doi":"10.5414/NP301760","DOIUrl":"10.5414/NP301760","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To characterize routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestations of molecularly defined isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant, 1p/19q codeleted oligodendroglioma, to introduce two newly proposed intratumoral imaging signs, assess their diagnostic efficacy, and interpret their histologic basis via voxel-wise imaging-pathology matching.Materials and methods: 36 surgically validated oligodendrogliomas were retrospectively analyzed per the 2021 WHO CNS tumor criteria; MRI signals were correlated with histologic indices such as cellular density and myxoid microcystic change.Results: The cohort comprised 24 males and 12 females with a mean age of (30.9 ± 16.1) years. All supratentorial lesions were mostly cystic-solid, showing T1-hypointense solid parts, T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) slightly hyperintense parenchyma, T2-hyperintense cysts, and heterogeneous enhancement, predominantly WHO grade 2. No intergrade differences in baseline MRI/clinical features were found (p > 0.05). Cross-sectional prevalence: isolated ripple sign 16.7%, isolated finger-like cystic sign 8.3%, dual signs 5.6%, total positivity 30.6%. Separate κ values (0.81 and 0.83) revealed excellent inter-rater consistency; the two signs occurred independently (p > 0.05) with high specificity but low sensitivity. Histologically, the ripple sign stemmed from alternating hypercellular and microcystic grey-white matter bands, whereas finger-like cysts arose from tract-aligned fused microcysts.Conclusion: This glioma entity mostly presents as infiltrative supratentorial cystic-solid masses. The two novel signs serve as high-specificity auxiliary markers but lack sufficient sensitivity; large multi-center validation is warranted. Integrated MRI and pathological correlation elevate preoperative diagnostic accuracy.","PeriodicalId":55251,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148921884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human bornavirus encephalitis: Neuropathological insights from a rare but lethal disease. 人类病毒性脑炎：一种罕见但致命的疾病的神经病理学见解。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Clinical Neuropathology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.5414/NP301752

Nicola Jungbäck, Przemyslaw Grochowski, Patrick Adam, Anja Osterloh, Friederike Liesche-Starnecker

{"title":"Human bornavirus encephalitis: Neuropathological insights from a rare but lethal disease.","authors":"Nicola Jungbäck, Przemyslaw Grochowski, Patrick Adam, Anja Osterloh, Friederike Liesche-Starnecker","doi":"10.5414/NP301752","DOIUrl":"10.5414/NP301752","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This work aims at supporting structured neuropathological assessment and early case identification for human bornavirus encephalitis. It summarizes current neuropathological and immunopathogenic findings of infection with Borna disease virus 1 (BoDV-1) in humans, complemented by comparative data from animal dead-end hosts.Materials and methods: This narrative review is based on a targeted literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar. Of 114 identified records (PubMed: 62; Google Scholar: 52), 40 remained after duplicate removal. Following abstract and full-text screening, 16 studies, published between 1999 and 2025, were included.Results: BoDV-1 encephalitis displays a largely uniform histopathological pattern, typically presenting as lymphocytic, sclerosing panencephalomyelitis with astroglial and microglial activation, and detection of intranuclear inclusions. In animals olfactory and limbic structures are predominantly affected, whereas in humans, the disease frequently extends to additional regions, particularly the basal ganglia.Conclusion: In both human and animal dead-end hosts, BoDV-1 encephalitis shows a consistent histomorphological profile that allows reliable recognition based on characteristic neuropathological features and distribution. Definitive diagnosis requires specific detection of BoDV-1, most commonly facilitated by immunohistochemistry.","PeriodicalId":55251,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropathology","volume":" ","pages":"130-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148622748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human West Nile virus lineage 2 neuroinvasive infection as a cause of fatal Guillain-Barré syndrome. 人类西尼罗病毒系2神经侵入性感染是致死性格林-巴-罗综合征的病因。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Clinical Neuropathology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.5414/NP301754

Antonio Mastroianni, Sonia Greco, Concetta Castilletti

{"title":"Human West Nile virus lineage 2 neuroinvasive infection as a cause of fatal Guillain-Barré syndrome.","authors":"Antonio Mastroianni, Sonia Greco, Concetta Castilletti","doi":"10.5414/NP301754","DOIUrl":"10.5414/NP301754","url":null,"abstract":"Background: West Nile virus (WNV) is now endemic in Europe and continues to spread to several countries, with strains 1 and 2 primarily responsible for outbreaks. According to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Italy accounts for the majority of locally acquired cases and West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND).Case report: We present the first case described in Italy and Europe of WNND-related Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genome belonged to the WNV-2, sublineage 2a, clustering within sequences from genomes originating mainly from Hungarian 578/10 strain, a particularly virulent strain.Conclusion: The first case of GBS as a presentation of WNND in a European patient is reported, along with a review of all previously published cases of GBS related to WNND. The United States Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) documented 13% of WNV infections manifest as GBS, with a gradual and slow improvement, often with residual neurologic deficits of varying severity. Physicians should be aware that the presentation of a patient to an emergency department with GBS, during a certain epidemiological period of the year, should raise the clinical suspicion that the GBS may be related to a WNND.","PeriodicalId":55251,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropathology","volume":" ","pages":"148-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148406849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinicopathologic mismatch in young-onset parkinsonism: Multiple system atrophy masquerading as a neurotransmitter synthesis disorder. 年轻发病帕金森病的临床病理不匹配：伪装成神经递质合成障碍的多系统萎缩。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Clinical Neuropathology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.5414/NP301756

John Michael Newman, Jin Kyung Kim, Jeff Nirschl, Jacinda Sampson, Hannes Vogel

{"title":"Clinicopathologic mismatch in young-onset parkinsonism: Multiple system atrophy masquerading as a neurotransmitter synthesis disorder.","authors":"John Michael Newman, Jin Kyung Kim, Jeff Nirschl, Jacinda Sampson, Hannes Vogel","doi":"10.5414/NP301756","DOIUrl":"10.5414/NP301756","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive adult-onset synucleinopathy that remains difficult to diagnose clinically, particularly in younger patients and during early disease stages. Brainstem nuclei degeneration resulting in reduced monoamines in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis may further complicate diagnostic interpretation.Objectives: To describe a clinicopathologic case of early-onset MSA found to have decreased CSF monoamines suggestive of a primary neurotransmitter synthesis disorder.Materials and methods: Clinical records, neuroimaging findings, CSF neurotransmitter analysis, and postmortem neuropathologic examination were reviewed.Results: A 41-year-old woman developed rapidly progressive parkinsonism, dystonia, dysphagia, and speech impairment. Broad CSF analysis was significant for reduced homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and tetrahydrobiopterin, raising concern for a monoamine synthesis defect and prompting treatment for sepiapterin reductase deficiency (SRD). Despite directed therapy, neurologic decline continued. Postmortem examination demonstrated neuropathologic findings consistent with MSA, parkinsonian subtype (MSA-P). Early cortical and allocortical amyloid-β deposition corresponding to Thal phase 2 was also identified. No additional proteinopathies were present.Conclusion: Degeneration of dopaminergic and serotonergic nuclei in MSA can reduce CSF monoamine metabolite levels and mimic disorders of neurotransmitter biosynthesis despite correlation with tetrahydrobiopterin levels. This case highlights a potential diagnostic pitfall when interpreting CSF neurotransmitter studies in adults with parkinsonism.","PeriodicalId":55251,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropathology","volume":" ","pages":"155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical Neuropathology 4-2026. 临床神经病理学4-2026。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Clinical Neuropathology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.5414/NPP45129

Christian Mawrin

引用次数: 0

Medial accessory olivary nucleus asymmetry and its selective degeneration in Parkinson's disease: A human neuropathological study. 帕金森病内侧副橄榄核不对称及其选择性变性：一项人类神经病理学研究。

IF 0.7 4区医学

Clinical Neuropathology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.5414/NP301741

Tahreem Fatima, Shahzad Shams

{"title":"Medial accessory olivary nucleus asymmetry and its selective degeneration in Parkinson's disease: A human neuropathological study.","authors":"Tahreem Fatima, Shahzad Shams","doi":"10.5414/NP301741","DOIUrl":"10.5414/NP301741","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The medial accessory olivary nucleus (MAO), a distinct but inconsistently present subnucleus of the human inferior olivary complex, is poorly characterized despite its proposed role in cerebellar motor circuitry. We aimed to investigate its structural asymmetry, functional correlates, and pathological vulnerability in humans.Materials and methods: We performed high-resolution histological analysis (Nissl and immunohistochemistry) in 35 neurologically normal brains to quantify MAO volume and neuronal numerical density and relate these to handedness and lifetime manual dexterity. In a separate cohort of 20 Parkinson's disease (PD) brains (Braak stages 4 - 6), we compared MAO neuronal numerical density and α-synuclein pathology to age-matched controls.Results: The MAO was identifiable in 74% (26/35) of neurologically normal cases. A significant volumetric asymmetry was present (p < 0.01), with larger MAO volume contralateral to the dominant hand, and the asymmetry index correlated with lifetime manual dexterity scores (r = 0.54, p = 0.002). PD brains showed a 43% reduction in MAO neuronal numerical density versus controls (p < 0.001) and more severe α-synuclein pathology (median grade 3 vs. 0, p < 0.001).Conclusion: The MAO may be a neuroanatomically variable but functionally lateralized structure that appears linked to fine motor control and may exhibit selective vulnerability in PD.","PeriodicalId":55251,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropathology","volume":" ","pages":"137-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0