Cognitive Systems Research最新文献_第10页

Vector database management systems: Fundamental concepts, use-cases, and current challenges 矢量数据库管理系统：基本概念、使用案例和当前挑战

IF 3.9 3区心理学

Cognitive Systems Research Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2024.101216

Toni Taipalus

引用次数: 0

Auditory event-related potential differentiates girls with Rett syndrome from their typically-developing peers with high accuracy: Machine learning study 听觉事件相关电位能准确区分患有雷特综合征的女孩和发育正常的同龄人：机器学习研究

IF 3.9 3区心理学

Cognitive Systems Research Pub Date : 2024-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2024.101214

Maxim Sharaev , Maxim Nekrashevich , Daria Kostanian , Victoria Voinova , Olga Sysoeva

{"title":"Auditory event-related potential differentiates girls with Rett syndrome from their typically-developing peers with high accuracy: Machine learning study","authors":"Maxim Sharaev , Maxim Nekrashevich , Daria Kostanian , Victoria Voinova , Olga Sysoeva","doi":"10.1016/j.cogsys.2024.101214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsys.2024.101214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rett Syndrome (RTT) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutation in the <em>MECP2</em> gene. No cures are still available, but several clinical trials are ongoing. Here we examine neurophysiological correlates of auditory processing for ability to differentiate patients with RTT from typically developing (TD) peers applying standard machine learning (ML) methods and pipelines. Capitalized on the available event-related potential (ERP) data recorded in response to tone presented at different rates (stimulus onset asynchrony 900, 1800 and 3600 ms) from 24 patients with RTT and 27 their TD peer. We considered the most common ML models that are widely used for classification tasks. These include both linear models (logistic regression, support-vector machine with linear kernel) and tree-based nonlinear models (random forest, gradient boosting). Based on these methods we were able to differentiate RTT from TD children with high accuracy (with up to 0.94 ROC-AUC score), which was evidently higher at the fastest presentation rate. Importance analysis and perturbation importance pointed out that the most important feature for classification is P2-N2 peak-to-peak amplitude, consistently across the approaches and blocks with different presentation rate. The results suggest the unique pattern of ERP characteristics for RTT and points to features of importance. The results might be relevant for establishing outcome measures for clinical trials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55242,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Systems Research","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 101214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139738798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The mode of computing 计算模式

IF 3.9 3区心理学

Cognitive Systems Research Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101204

Luis A. Pineda

{"title":"The mode of computing","authors":"Luis A. Pineda","doi":"10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The Turing Machine is the paradigmatic case of computing machines, but there are others such as analogical, connectionist, quantum and diverse forms of unconventional computing, each based on a particular intuition of the phenomenon of computing. This variety can be captured in terms of system levels, re-interpreting and generalizing Newell’s hierarchy, which includes the knowledge level at the top and the symbol level immediately below it. In this re-interpretation the knowledge level consists of human knowledge and the symbol level is generalized into a new level that here is called </span><em>The Mode of Computing</em><span>. Mental processes performed by natural brains are often thought of informally as computing processes and that the brain is alike to computing machinery<span>. However, if natural computing does exist it should be characterized on its own. A proposal to such an effect is that natural computing appeared when interpretations were first made by biological entities, so natural computing and interpreting are two aspects of the same phenomenon, or that consciousness and experience are the manifestations of computing/interpreting. By analogy with computing machinery, there must be a system level at the top of the neural circuitry and directly below the knowledge level that is named here </span></span><em>The mode of Natural Computing</em>. If it turns out that such putative object does not exist the proposition that the mind is a computing process should be dropped; but characterizing it would come with solving the hard problem of consciousness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55242,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Systems Research","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 101204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139103957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extended X: Extending the reach of active externalism 扩展 X：扩大积极外部主义的影响范围

IF 3.9 3区心理学

Cognitive Systems Research Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101202

Paul R. Smart

引用次数: 0

Modelling conversational agent with empathy mechanism 具有移情机制的对话代理建模

IF 3.9 3区心理学

Cognitive Systems Research Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101206

Xuyao Dai , Zhen Liu , Tingting Liu , Guokun Zuo , Jialin Xu , Changcheng Shi , Yuanyi Wang

引用次数: 0

Suppression of negative tweets using reinforcement learning systems 利用强化学习系统抑制负面推文

IF 3.9 3区心理学

Cognitive Systems Research Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101207

Kazuteru Miyazaki , Hitomi Miyazaki

引用次数: 0

A formal understanding of computational empathy in interactive agents 从形式上理解交互式代理中的计算共鸣

IF 3.9 3区心理学

Cognitive Systems Research Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101203

Andreas Brännström , Joel Wester , Juan Carlos Nieves

{"title":"A formal understanding of computational empathy in interactive agents","authors":"Andreas Brännström , Joel Wester , Juan Carlos Nieves","doi":"10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interactive software agents, such as chatbots<span>, are progressively being used in the area of health and well-being. In such applications, where agents engage with users in interpersonal conversations for, e.g., coaching, comfort or behavior-change interventions, there is an increased need for understanding agents’ empathic capabilities. In the current state-of-the-art, there are no tools to do that. In order to understand empathic capabilities in interactive software agents, we need a precise notion of empathy. The literature discusses a variety of definitions of empathy, but there is no consensus of a formal definition. Based on a systematic literature review and a qualitative analysis of recent approaches to empathy in interactive agents for health and well-being, a formal definition—an ontology—of empathy is developed. We present the potential of the formal definition in a controlled user-study by applying it as a tool for assessing empathy in two state-of-the-art health and well-being chatbots; Replika and Wysa. Our findings suggest that our definition captures necessary conditions for assessing empathy in interactive agents, and how it can uncover and explain trends in changing perceptions of empathy over time. The definition, implemented in Web Ontology Language (OWL), may serve as an automated tool, enabling systems to recognize empathy in interactions—be it an interactive agent evaluating its own empathic performance or an intelligent system assessing the empathic capability of its interlocutors.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55242,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Systems Research","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 101203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Explanatory models in neuroscience, Part 2: Functional intelligibility and the contravariance principle 神经科学中的解释模型，第 2 部分：功能可理解性和差异原则

IF 3.9 3区心理学

Cognitive Systems Research Pub Date : 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101200

Rosa Cao , Daniel Yamins

{"title":"Explanatory models in neuroscience, Part 2: Functional intelligibility and the contravariance principle","authors":"Rosa Cao , Daniel Yamins","doi":"10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Computational modeling plays an increasingly important role in neuroscience, highlighting the philosophical question of how computational models explain. In the particular case of neural network models, concerns have been raised about their intelligibility, and how these models relate (if at all) to what is found in the brain. We claim that what makes a system intelligible is an understanding of the dependencies between its behavior and the factors that are responsible for that behavior. In biology, many of these dependencies are naturally “top-down”, as ethological imperatives interact with evolutionary and developmental constraints under natural selection to produce systems with capabilities and behaviors appropriate to their evolutionary needs. We describe how the optimization techniques used to construct neural network models capture some key aspects of these dependencies, and thus help explain <em>why</em> brain systems are as they are — because when a challenging ecologically-relevant goal is shared by a neural network and the brain, it places constraints on the possible mechanisms exhibited in both kinds of systems. The presence and strength of these constraints explain why some outcomes are more likely than others. By combining two familiar modes of explanation — one based on bottom-up mechanistic description (whose relation to neural network models we address in a companion paper) and the other based on top-down constraints, these models have the potential to illuminate brain function.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55242,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Systems Research","volume":"85 ","pages":"Article 101200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The embeddings world and Artificial General Intelligence 嵌入式世界与人工智能

IF 3.9 3区心理学

Cognitive Systems Research Pub Date : 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101201

Mostafa Haghir Chehreghani

{"title":"The embeddings world and Artificial General Intelligence","authors":"Mostafa Haghir Chehreghani","doi":"10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>From early days, a key and controversial question inside the artificial intelligence community was whether </span>Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is achievable. AGI is the ability of machines and computer programs to achieve human-level intelligence and do all tasks that a human being can. While there exist a number of systems in the literature claiming they realize AGI, several other researchers argue that it is impossible to achieve it.</p><p><span>In this paper, we take a different view to the problem. First, we discuss that in order to realize AGI, along with building intelligent machines and programs, an intelligent world should also be constructed which is on the one hand, an accurate approximation of our world and on the other hand, a significant part of reasoning of intelligent machines is already embedded in this world. Then we discuss that AGI is not a product or algorithm, rather it is a continuous process which will become more and more mature over time (like human civilization and wisdom). Then, we argue that pre-trained embeddings play a key role in building this intelligent world and as a result, realizing AGI. We discuss how pre-trained embeddings facilitate achieving several characteristics of human-level intelligence, such as embodiment, </span>common sense knowledge, unconscious knowledge and continuality of learning, by machines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55242,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Systems Research","volume":"84 ","pages":"Article 101201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139022529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The place of language in multimodal communication in humans and other primates 语言在人类和其他灵长类动物多模态交流中的地位

IF 3.9 3区心理学

Cognitive Systems Research Pub Date : 2023-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogsys.2023.101205

Michael Sharwood Smith

引用次数: 0