Ecohydrology最新文献

{"title":"Simplified Environmental Flow Metrics and Environmental Water Requirements for Mediterranean Seasonal Rivers","authors":"Douglas Green,&nbsp;Kumar Savadamuthu","doi":"10.1002/eco.2722","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eco.2722","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The flow regime of a river is well established as being one of the key drivers of riverine ecosystem type, diversity and condition. This is especially true of seasonal rivers that experience a cease to flow period over the dry months of the year. To effectively assess changes in the components of the flow regime, it is required that flow data be quantified into metrics for ease of assessment and to effectively relate changes to environmental outcomes. Previous methods have used large numbers of, often complex, flow metrics to assess the flow regime. These metrics are often highly internally correlated with each other, and their complicated nature makes communication difficult. We suggest that the high correlation and the targeted nature of ecological flow regime assessment means a smaller number of well selected metrics can be used more effectively that large suites of generic metrics. We report on a series of six flow metrics that cover the whole of the flow regime, are reported annually and are simple to assess and interpret. We further expand on the practical use of these metrics as environmental indicators in their application to the highly variable seasonal rivers of southern Australia by using a moving average approach rather than single years. This approach accounts for, and allows for, the interannual variability expected in these systems. Environmental water requirements are defined using upper and lower bounds of a moving average for each metric over an environmentally stable period. We argue that this approach represents a more representative and robust approach to the assessment of environmental water requirements that is simpler and easier to interpret and communicate that existing flow regime assessment methods.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142257913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Terraces and Rainfall on Water and Soil Loss in Pinus tabulaeformis Plantations in the Semiarid Loess Hilly Region of China","authors":"Yue Huang,&nbsp;Wei Wei,&nbsp;Shengnan Chen","doi":"10.1002/eco.2720","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eco.2720","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Loess Plateau is one of the most severely eroded areas in the world. A series of ecological measures (e.g., terracing, afforestation and reforestation) have been implemented to rehabilitate the environment. However, consecutive field observations are still inadequate regarding the benefits of eco-measures on erosion reductions. In this study, surface runoff and soil loss were monitored at the plots of <i>Pinus tabulaeformis</i> with two different terraces and natural slope, including fish scale pits with <i>Pinus tabulaeformis</i> (F–P.t), control slope (natural slope) with <i>Pinus tabulaeformis</i> (C–P.t) and zig terraces with <i>Pinus tabulaeformis</i> (Z–P.t) in the growing season of 2015–2021. Results showed that terraces played a key role in reducing water and soil loss compared to natural slopes. The zig terraces had the greatest runoff and soil loss reduction benefits (43.38% and 67.75%, respectively). Maximum runoff and sediment occurred under the rainfall with high intensity and short duration. Runoff depth was better explained by rainfall depth and rainfall duration compared to soil loss rate. Compared with the natural slope, the degree of explanation of multiple regression models for terrace plots dropped to 36.1%–41.2% for runoff depth and declined to 12.7%–19.5% for soil erosion rate. This study revealed that different terracing measures with afforestation can effectively contribute to soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau of China. The combination of zig terraces and <i>P. tabulaeformis</i> is recommended as it has the best potential for improving the micro-topography, storing rainfall and decreasing soil erosion. These results can help evaluate ecological restoration projects on the Loess Plateau and provide a scientific basis for the implementation of terracing projects in similar areas.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Use of the Penman–Monteith and Priestley–Taylor Algorithms for Modelling Peatland Evapotranspiration Using the Cold Regions Hydrological Model","authors":"Brandon Van Huizen,&nbsp;Richard M. Petrone,&nbsp;Xing Fang,&nbsp;John W. Pomeroy","doi":"10.1002/eco.2714","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eco.2714","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Methods used to quantify evapotranspiration (ET) from <i>Sphagnum</i>-dominated peatlands often assume that soil moisture is not a limiting factor; actual ET (AET) equals potential ET (PET). However, soil moisture can become limiting as peatlands dry, lowering AET below PET and necessitating the use of a surface resistance term in AET estimations. Quantifying and calculating surface resistance is a challenge for the non-vascular plant surfaces such as those dominated by <i>Sphagnum</i> moss. This paper explores and quantifies the ecohydrological processes that drive <i>Sphagnum</i> resistance to ET. It is hypothesized that a relationship exists between the <i>Sphagnum</i> moss resistance and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-ratio) for boreal peatlands, where the K-ratio is a proxy for the hydrophysical properties of the porous medium. An empirical relationship between <i>Sphagnum</i> moss resistance and the K-ratio was developed from data collected from a boreal peatland and implemented in the cold regions hydrological model. Empirically modelled resistance values (0–800 s m⁻¹) did not match well with estimates from inverting observations and the Penman–Monteith (PM) algorithm (0–5000 s m⁻¹). Difficulties in validating resistance values were possibly due to lack of moisture limiting conditions although this is seemingly contradicted by the alpha value being less than 1. Priestley–Taylor (PT) and PM algorithms in CRHM were used to estimate AET and compared with each other and with observations from an onsite eddy covariance (EC) system. The PT algorithm, using a site-specific alpha value (0.75) performed the best with a mean difference of 9.4% (±12.0%) when compared to EC measurements of AET. The PM algorithm consistently overestimated EC measurements with a mean difference of 68.4% (±50.0%), even with a moss resistance incorporated into its use. The performance of PM algorithm is impeded by the uncertainty in quantifying <i>Sphagnum</i> resistance. Reducing this uncertainty should be a focus of future studies, as it does not require the use of a site-specific alpha value.</p>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eco.2714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroinvertebrates but Not Diatoms Are Affected by Streamflow Alteration Below Hydropower Diversions","authors":"Daniel Spitale,&nbsp;Marco Fezzi,&nbsp;Nadia Zorzi,&nbsp;Elisabeth Slomp,&nbsp;Sandro Rigotti,&nbsp;Alex Borrini,&nbsp;Olena Bilous,&nbsp;Marco Cantonati","doi":"10.1002/eco.2712","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eco.2712","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>River regulation due to dams and other intake structures has impacted the hydrology, water quality and biology of rivers worldwide. The release of minimum flows still represents the strategy aimed at maintaining certain aspects of the original flow patterns. However, there remains a limited understanding of the consequences of artificially induced flows on water quality and aquatic life across various types of rivers. This study was conducted in Trentino (south-eastern Alps, Italy) in 60 perennial river reaches (400–2005 m a.s.l.), all located downstream of water abstractions for different hydropower plants. The main goal of this research was to compare the effect of different residual flows on macroinvertebrates and diatoms. The overall effect of discharge was low but still significant only for macroinvertebrates, whereas diatoms were affected mostly by the water chemistry. Both groups responded to the substrate composition and to the hydromorphology, which in turn resulted to be strongly correlated. The biotic indices, originally developed to respond to pollution, were unaffected by the flow reduction, raising concerns about the potential consequences that assessment based on this approach may have on the evaluation of ecological flow. This study emphasizes the importance of considering the broader ecological context in which flow alterations occur, particularly the interaction of hydromorphology and substrate, in understanding their impact on aquatic biota.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of non-migratory fish metacommunity from Neotropical floodplains: Local mechanisms, regional scale and hydrological dynamics","authors":"Patricia Almeida Sacramento,&nbsp;Nadson Ressyé Simões,&nbsp;Gustavo Henrique Zaia Alves,&nbsp;Sidineia Amadio,&nbsp;Andre Andrian Padial,&nbsp;Evanilde Benedito","doi":"10.1002/eco.2706","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eco.2706","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The spatial distribution of biological communities may be regulated by environmental and spatial processes, and the intensity of these processes depend on the species characteristics, spatial heterogeneity and spatial extent. We investigated the relationship between the non-migratory fish metacommunity with environmental and spatial variables using the variance partitioning procedure. We used data from lakes of four Neotropical floodplains: Amazon, Araguaia, Pantanal and Paraná. We hypothesised that the processes that drive the spatial distribution of non-migratory fish in floodplain systems depend on connectivity driven by flood pulse. We predict that spatial variables are less important to explaining the fish community structures during rainy periods when there is no dispersal limitation. In contrast, environmental variables influence these structures during rainy and dry periods. During dry periods, metacommunities depend on species' dispersal abilities, but during rainy and dry periods, spatial distribution depends on the environmental filters selected by each species. For most of the environmental variables, it was possible to observe more similarity in the rainy period. Our results showed different patterns of fish communities for the lakes of the four floodplains systems, which led us to reject our hypothesis. Non-migratory fish remain in their natal environment and perform only small lateral movements. In this scenario, we found a little influence from spatial variables in both periods and a great contribution of environmental variables for Amazon (16%) and Pantanal (32%) floodplains in structuring fishes' distribution in the rainy period.</p>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Street-side trees control pavement wetness in a moist-temperate region with cold winters","authors":"Glenn R. Matlack,&nbsp;Issam Khoury,&nbsp;Bhaven Naik","doi":"10.1002/eco.2704","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eco.2704","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Urban tree canopies intercept rain and snowfall, potentially extending the service life of asphalt pavement below them. However, the process of pavement wetting has not been quantified and controlling factors are poorly understood. In this study, we document four forms of pavement moisture and experimentally test the role of trees in regulating wetness. Study plots were established on asphalt pavement under and adjacent to broad-leaved street trees in a residential neighbourhood typical of cities in the Northeastern Unites States. Pavement wetting by rainfall, drying after experimental wetting, and accumulation and persistence of snow and ice were recorded. Pavement wetness under a tree canopy lagged 25 to 35 minutes behind pavement under an open sky, a delay that would prevent or reduce wetting in 28% of rain events in the study region. Pavement drying was 70% slower under a canopy than in open plots. Partially covered plots showed intermediate wetting and drying behaviour consistent with direct-beam solar exposure. Significantly less snow was observed under the leafless canopy than under the open sky, and snow melted faster under the canopy. Ice cover and persistence were unrelated to canopy openness but strongly influenced by traffic and drainage. Pavement microclimate did not differ significantly with tree size or canopy porosity. We conclude that street trees control pavement moisture within ranges that potentially affect pavement structure and longevity. Tree-scale arrangement appears to be more important than fine-scale canopy structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eco.2704","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant functional trait is a strong predictor of ecosystem productivity under altered precipitation in desert steppes","authors":"Lihua Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaotong Ren,&nbsp;Yafei Guo,&nbsp;Ruifeng Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Jiang,&nbsp;Xi Wei,&nbsp;Linqi Yang,&nbsp;Lifang Kang","doi":"10.1002/eco.2686","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eco.2686","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function has always been one of the hot issues in the field of ecology. With the acceleration of global warming, the precipitation pattern has become one of the main drivers of biodiversity loss, which has a profound impact on ecosystem functional services and stability. However, the studies on the effects and mechanisms of plant community diversity and ecosystem productivity under precipitation changes in desert steppe are still unclear. According to the change rate (−41.1% to 39.2%) of precipitation in the study area in recent 50 years, five precipitation gradients (i.e., −40%, −20%, CK, +20% and +40%) were set to simulate the possible future precipitation pattern changes. Aboveground biomass increased with the increase of precipitation. Compared with CK, the aboveground biomass increased by 22.81% with +40% and decreased by 80.71% with −40%, and the negative impact of precipitation decrease on aboveground biomass was more significant. Through multiple stepwise regression analyses, species diversity, functional diversity and phylogenetic diversity were identified as the best models of aboveground biomass. The results showed that the aboveground biomass changes could be explained by 51.3%, 81.6%, 32.6% and 60% respectively. Combined with plant community diversity, the final index model was obtained through multiple stepwise regression analyses, which could explain 88.3% of changes in aboveground biomass. In this model, The average coefficient of specific leaf area and leaf thickness had a very high significance level, and these two functional traits of dominant species had a greater explanatory power for ecosystem system function. There was a nonlinear correlation between precipitation and aboveground biomass, and drought had a more significant negative effect on aboveground biomass. Compared with species diversity and phylogenetic diversity, plant functional traits can better explain ecosystem productivity. Selection effects are the main maintenance mechanism of desert steppe community productivity under the background of precipitation change.</p>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"17 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Multiscale Thermal Infrared Imaging Help Validate and Monitor Water Stress in Alluvial Forests?","authors":"Julien Godfroy,&nbsp;Pauline Malherbe,&nbsp;Flavie Gerle,&nbsp;Baptiste Marteau,&nbsp;Pierre Lochin,&nbsp;Sara Puijalon,&nbsp;Jérôme Lejot,&nbsp;Antoine Vernay,&nbsp;Hervé Piégay","doi":"10.1002/eco.2710","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eco.2710","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alluvial forests are sensitive to drought induced by climate change and exacerbated by altered flow regimes. Our ability to detect and map their sensitivity to drought is crucial to evaluate the effects of climate change and adjust management practices. Therefore, we explore the potential of multiscale thermal infrared imagery (TIR) to diagnose their sensitivity to droughts. In summer 2022, we sampled leaves and phloem on <i>Populus nigra</i> trees from two sites with contrasted hydrological connectivity along the Ain River (France) to investigate the seasonality of water stress and act as ground truth for airborne TIR images. To map forest sensitivity to drought, we used TIR data from four airborne campaigns and Landsat archives over a larger spatial and temporal extent. Field data showed that stress conditions were reached for both sites but were higher in the site with lower groundwater connectivity, which was also the case for individual tree crown temperatures. At the forest plot scale, canopy temperature was linked to forest connectivity for two of four TIR campaigns, with higher values in the more degraded reaches. Landsat data were used to locate the areas of the riparian forest impacted by a historical drought event and monitor their recovery and proved useful to identify trends. TIR data showed promising results to help detect and map tree water stress in riparian environments. However, stress is not detected in all TIR campaigns, demonstrating that one-shot TIR acquisitions alone are not enough to diagnose stress and complementary in-field eco-physiological measurements are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eco.2710","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Linearity in Mean Annual Peak Flow Scaling With Upstream Basin Area: Insights From Percolation Theory","authors":"Behzad Ghanbarian","doi":"10.1002/eco.2709","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eco.2709","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Understanding how annual peak flow, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Q&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {Q}_p $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, relates to upstream basin area, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ A $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, and their scaling have been one of the challenges in surface hydrology. Although a power-law scaling relationship (i.e., &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Q&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;∝&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msup&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {Q}_ppropto {A}^{alpha } $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) has been widely applied in the literature, it is purely empirical, and due to its empiricism, the interpretation of its exponent, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ alpha $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;, and its variations from one basin to another is not clear. In the literature, different values of &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ alpha $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; have been reported for various datasets and drainage basins of different areas. Invoking concepts of percolation theory as well as self-affinity, we derived universal and non-universal scaling laws to theoretically link &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;Q&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ {Q}_p $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; to &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ A $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;. In the universal scaling, we related the exponent &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;α&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$$ alpha $$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; to the fractal dimensionality of percolation, &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eutrophication of Lakes: From Global Process to Regional Implication in the Kola Arctic Region","authors":"Tatiana I. Moiseenko,&nbsp;Maria M. Bazova","doi":"10.1002/eco.2713","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eco.2713","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eutrophication of water bodies is analysed as a global process. The volumes of globally increasing use of nitrogen and phosphorus are demonstrated, with the dispersion of these elements leading to increased nutrient contents in lakes and rivers. Results of original studies on remote lakes in the Arctic zone indicate that the content of nutrients in these lakes has increased over the past decades. Concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter in lake waters tend to increase in the absence of anthropogenic effects. Simultaneously, the silicon concentrations were found to decrease because of the consumption by diatoms. Low concentrations of bioavailable nutrients confirm that these nutrients are rapidly spent in the production processes of ecosystems. The calculated trophic state index (according to R. Carlson) indicates that the number of oligotrophic lakes in the forest tundra zone decreased by 50% by 2010–2018, and these lakes are absent from the northern taiga zone. Temperature increase and climate warming in the Arctic zone first caused the increase in the contents of nutrients in the lakes and their trophic states.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}