Ecohydrology最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentrations on Vegetation Water Use Efficiency in China: A Modelling Study in an Endorheic River Basin","authors":"Xinbo Liu,&nbsp;Han Wang,&nbsp;Bowen Zhu","doi":"10.1002/eco.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increased CO₂ concentrations promote vegetation leaf growth and evapotranspiration (ET); however, they reduce stomatal conductance and reduce vegetation water consumption, a relationship that remains incompletely explored in the previous studies. Therefore, uncertainty remains regarding whether elevated CO₂ concentrations increase ET or reduce water consumption in vegetated areas. This study investigates the impacts of elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations on vegetation water use efficiency (WUE) in the ecologically fragile Heihe River Basin using the Community Land Model 5.0 (CLM5.0). From 2020 to 2099, under two carbon emission scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5), the simulations show that increased CO₂ concentrations promote vegetation gross primary productivity (GPP) but have a less significant effect on ET. WUE generally increases under both scenarios, with higher values under RCP8.5 (~2.41). By 2099, the difference in WUE between RCP8.5 and RCP4.5 is approximately 0.9. Forests exhibit the highest WUE, followed by cropland and grasslands. The study highlights that although elevated CO₂ concentrations enhance WUE, excessive CO₂ may lead to reduced water availability for crops, posing challenges for agricultural production. These findings provide insights into vegetation carbon sink potential under future carbon emission scenarios, emphasizing the need for balanced CO₂ concentrations to maintain optimal vegetation growth and water resource utilization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144606469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable Management and Biomass Dynamics of Prochilodus lineatus in a Mega-River Ecosystem Based on Ecohydrological Approach","authors":"Ana Pia Rabuffetti,&nbsp;Luis Alberto Espínola,&nbsp;Claudio Baigún,&nbsp;Nicolas Andres Garello,&nbsp;Carolina Viviana Minte-Vera,&nbsp;Elie Abrial,&nbsp;Martin Cesar Maria Blettler,&nbsp;Diego Corrêa Alves","doi":"10.1002/eco.70063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inland fisheries are vital for the livelihoods, nutrition and employment of millions of people. The small-scale fisheries in the Paraná River basin represent a complex and dynamic socio-ecological system. This study examines the sustainable management of <i>Prochilodus lineatus</i> (<i>sábalo</i>) fisheries in the middle and lower Paraná River basin, Argentina. By analysing both reported and unreported catches, we developed models to estimate maximum sustainable yield (MSY) under various scenarios. We identified that strong recruitment events in <i>sábalo</i> populations are primarily driven by specific hydrological conditions: summer flood pulses peaking (February–March) above 5.4 m, lasting over 45 days, followed by a minimum water level exceeding 2.2 m in subsequent years. In contrast, recruitment failures are associated with prolonged droughts and low water connectivity. The highly variable nature of recruitment and stock productivity suggests that a fixed MSY is unsuitable. Our findings also reveal that current export quotas do not adapt to these hydrological fluctuations. This research underscores the need for a dynamic, ecohydrological approach to fisheries management that incorporates both hydrological data and age structure information. This integrated long-term spatiotemporal assessment model could be used as a proxy of freshwater fisheries in large rivers of alluvial plain worldwide. Our results provide valuable insights for policymakers seeking to ensure the long-term sustainability of <i>sábalo</i> fisheries and the livelihoods of dependent communities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Spatiotemporal Variation of Water Quality and Phytoplankton Biomass in Subtropical Reservoir Using the Blue–Sky Multispectral Data","authors":"Tatenda Dalu,&nbsp;Faith F. Muthivhi,&nbsp;Farai Dondofema,&nbsp;Linton F. Munyai,&nbsp;Pule Mpopetsi,&nbsp;Timothy Dube,&nbsp;Naicheng Wu","doi":"10.1002/eco.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chlorophyll-<i>a</i> (chl-<i>a</i>) is an optically active compound used as a proxy for phytoplankton biomass to determine the trophic states of aquatic ecosystems. Blue–sky remote sensing technologies present low-cost and effective monitoring techniques for water quality on a large scale. This study was aimed at using readily available Landsat multispectral images to assess the spatial and temporal variation of phytoplankton biomass in Nandoni reservoir, Limpopo Province, and at examining the relationships that exist between the physicochemical variables and chl-<i>a</i> concentration. Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI images for June (dry) and December (wet), for the years 2008–2020, were used to derive the distribution of chl-<i>a</i> concentration. Using regression techniques, in situ measured chl-<i>a</i> showed a strong and perfectly linear relationship to the predicted Landsat chl-<i>a</i> in the Nandoni reservoir. There was a negative significant correlation between land use and land cover and water quality variables. Using permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) analysis, we uncovered significant differences for chl-<i>a</i> concentration in sites, seasons and zones. A significant positive correlation was observed between water temperature and chl-<i>a</i> concentration. In contrast, a strong negative significant correlation was observed for chl-<i>a</i> with salinity and total dissolved solids. chl-<i>a</i> concentration in the Nandoni reservoir was derived using Landsat remote sensing images, suggesting that the Landsat data is suitable for monitoring small reservoirs in a short timescale. The results of this study suggest that remote sensing techniques can be used to control the development of an early warning system for this study and other reservoirs. Furthermore, the results highlight the role of using analysis ready Landsat series data in monitoring phytoplankton biomass and chl-<i>a</i> abundance in freshwater systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of the Threats to Fish Habitat in the Lower Yellow River due to River Channel Transformation","authors":"Hao Zheng,&nbsp;Qianqian Wang,&nbsp;Xinyang Wu,&nbsp;William Bol Yaak Giet,&nbsp;Yanbing Qi,&nbsp;Lijian Ouyang,&nbsp;Yike Li,&nbsp;Kejian Sun,&nbsp;Weiwei Yao","doi":"10.1002/eco.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>River morphology plays a key role in shaping fish habitats. Changes in channel form can greatly affect habitat quality. This study examines how river morphology changes impact fish habitats in the Yellow River over time and space. The focus is on the Huayuankou and Jiahetan reaches, where the river has shifted from a braided to a meandering form. An ecological hydraulics model, combined with a fish habitat suitability model, was used to assess these effects under different flow conditions. The results show that this transformation has led to habitat fragmentation. Yellow River carp (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>) species have lost habitat diversity and connectivity. Crucian carp (<i>Carassius auratus</i>) species have gained shallower, slow-flow areas but face other challenges. Flow homogenization and water quality decline have reduced habitat quality. Ecological restoration has helped improve conditions, but complex habitats remain limited. This study underscores the need to consider river morphology when managing fish habitats. Future restoration strategies should enhance habitat suitability for both large and Crucian carp (<i>C. auratus</i>). Both hydrological and morphological factors should be addressed to support aquatic biodiversity in regulated rivers.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the Size Distribution of a Freshwater Fish After Lake Outlet Dam Removal: A Pilot Study","authors":"Johan Watz,&nbsp;Eva Bergman,&nbsp;Olle Calles,&nbsp;R. Lutz Eckstein,&nbsp;P. Anders Nilsson,&nbsp;Niclas Carlsson,&nbsp;Matiss Zagars,&nbsp;Miguel Gómez","doi":"10.1002/eco.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The size structure of populations is crucial for predator–prey dynamics and ecosystem function. Anthropogenic pressures such as habitat alteration may affect the demography of many species. We investigated the size structure of European perch (<i>Perca fluviatilis</i>) populations in lakes before and after dam removal by using the planned removals of multiple dams in the outlets of boreal lakes in central Sweden as a natural experiment. In five lakes from which we had obtained data both before and after dam removal, removal resulted in a reduced abundance of small perch and an increase in body size of large, piscivorous perch, but there was no major effect on perch biomass. In a second comparison of 22 lakes where we only had access to data from either before or after removal, the effects were not as evident. We suggest that a plausible mechanism explaining a potential effect on perch demography was alterations in the predator–prey dynamics caused by changes in refuge habitat area for small fish. Specifically, dam removal caused a reduction of aquatic plant coverage. Large piscivorous fish are known to play a crucial regulatory role in controlling lake ecosystem function. Thus, we suggest that lake outlet dam removal may induce processes leading to positive effects on fish populations and ecosystem state. Moreover, our study emphasises the importance of before versus after studies to evaluate restoration measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eco.70072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition, Assembly and Metabolic Function of Bacteria and Archaea in Sewer System of Zhengzhou, China","authors":"Yiming Yuan,&nbsp;Guangyi Zhang,&nbsp;Hongyuan Fang,&nbsp;Zezhuang Li,&nbsp;Siwei Peng,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Jiao,&nbsp;Fuming Wang","doi":"10.1002/eco.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urban sewer systems are significantly threatened by detrimental biological activity, necessitating a thorough investigation of the bacterial and archaeal communities involved in microbial-induced concrete corrosion. This study aimed to investigate this microbial composition and spatial distribution to benefit the protection of sewer pipes, particularly through trenchless technology. High-throughput sequencing analysis was conducted on nine samples collected from various locations. The sediment samples were dominated by fermentation bacteria and methanogenic archaea. Additionally, acidophilic bacteria and sulphur-oxidizing bacteria were found to be abundant in the upper part, serving as corrosion degree indicators. The analysis indicated that deterministic processes primarily governed bacterial communities, while stochastic processes predominated in archaeal communities. Furthermore, sewer environmental variables, such as pH and hydrogen sulphide, were identified as effective predictors of both archaeal and bacterial communities. The sewer system was primarily driven by fermentation, acetate-to-methane conversion and assimilatory sulphate reduction. These findings illuminated the spatial distribution of bacteria and archaea in the sewer system, highlighted key metabolic pathways, and provided valuable insights for management and policy-making to mitigate microbial-induced concrete corrosion.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144581932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Spring Ecosystems as Climate Refugia in a Semi-Arid Environment","authors":"Grace Peven,&nbsp;Jan U. H. Eitel,&nbsp;Timothy E. Link,&nbsp;Eli W. Estey,&nbsp;Mary Engels","doi":"10.1002/eco.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wet and cool microenvironments often serve as climate refugia in semiarid regions. However, springs—locations where groundwater reaches the Earth's surface—remain underexplored as climate refugia. This study investigated the potential of spring ecosystems as climate refugia in a semiarid mountainous region of central Idaho, USA. Using high-resolution PlanetScope imagery (2017–2024), we derived seasonal phenophases from a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series to assess ecological stability at 40 springs and surrounding non-spring areas. We fit a linear mixed-effects model with phenophase as the dependent variable, spring and water year as random effects and climatic water balance (CWB), snow disappearance date (SDD), heat load index (HLI), topographic wetness index (TWI) and their interactions with site type (spring or non-spring) as predictors. We found that springs exhibited significantly lower interannual variability in end of growing season (EOS) timing (24 days less than non-springs). Higher annual CWB, reflecting greater precipitation relative to potential evapotranspiration, corresponded with later EOS timing for both springs and non-springs, but springs were less sensitive to annual CWB as shown by lower effect sizes. Springs phenology showed weak associations with TWI and HLI, underscoring their independence from topographically driven refugia. Our findings highlight springs as climate refugia due to their buffering of water limitations that stabilise late season phenology. Under climate change, water deficits will become more severe, making climate refugia like springs increasingly important. Future research should examine spring recharge processes and incorporate additional snowpack variables to monitor stability across a range of climate conditions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanization Rate, Copper Concentration and pH Affect Hydrae Communities' Presence and Abundance","authors":"Adrien Frantz,&nbsp;Julia Razzolini,&nbsp;Anouk Pellerin,&nbsp;Emmanuel Aubry","doi":"10.1002/eco.70067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70067","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global change affects all ecosystems worldwide, particularly aquatic communities. Yet, the separate and combined effects of environmental parameters linked to global change remain poorly understood, probably because their effects depend on the precise environmental factors, on their interaction, and on the taxa. Here, we investigated the presence and abundance of 3 Hydra species (<i>Hydra oligactis</i>, <i>Hydra vulgaris</i> and <i>Hydra viridissima</i>) in relation to pH, copper concentration, water and air temperatures, waterbody surface and the proportion of impervious surface around each of 49 sites from 20 ponds sampled in the Parisian region. Not surprisingly, many environmental parameters were correlated. We further expected Hydra presence and/or abundance to vary according to some environmental parameters. In particular, due to the hormetic effect of copper (i.e., beneficial at low and toxic at high concentrations) and to the complex relations between pH, temperature and metal toxicity, we expected an interactive effect of these factors on Hydra presence and/or abundance. Though we did not detect any such interactive effect, Hydra presence decreased with increasing pH and with the proportion of impervious surface, while Hydra abundance increased with increasing copper concentrations, suggesting that these concentrations may fall in the lower range of beneficial effects. Our correlative work underlines the need for extensive studies on the ecological and evolutionary consequences of environmental changes in aquatic ecosystems at the levels of individual, populations and communities in the wild.</p>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eco.70067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Extreme Droughts on Fish Assemblages in a Large South American Floodplain River","authors":"Luis A. Espínola,&nbsp;Nadson R. Simōes,&nbsp;Ana P. Rabuffetti,&nbsp;Félix I. Contreras,&nbsp;Griselda I. Saucedo,&nbsp;Elie Abrial,&nbsp;Nicolas Garelo,&nbsp;Leonardo Stachiotti,&nbsp;Claudio R. M. Baigún,&nbsp;Martín C. M. Blettler,&nbsp;Luciano N. Santos","doi":"10.1002/eco.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increasing anthropogenic pressures and climate change have significantly altered the hydrological dynamics of freshwater ecosystems, particularly in Latin America. The Paraná River in the La Plata Basin has experienced prolonged droughts, leading to reduced hydrological connectivity and habitat loss, which have severely impacted fish assemblages and reproduction of several species. This study analysed changes in fish assemblage structure during a prolonged hydrological drought (2021–2022) compared with regular hydrological pulse periods (2010 and 2016) in the middle Paraná River floodplain. The results show that prolonged droughts have disrupted typical temporal dynamics, restructured the fish assemblage and particularly affected the abundance and dominance of large migratory species, which account for many key ecosystem services and are the major target of local fisheries, with only sedentary and short-distance migratory species remaining dominant. Because climate models predict more frequent and severe droughts in the future, our study shows that prolonged hydrological droughts are transforming river-floodplain systems by reducing the frequency and intensity of pulse and flow pulses. This decline in hydrological variability leads to a reduced availability and diversity of habitats for fish nurseries, negatively impacting reproductive success and even affecting migratory signals essential for reproduction. As a result, species abundance and community composition are being significantly reshaped. An ecohydrological approach is recommended for sustainable water management, integrating adaptive strategies to mitigate the impacts of abnormal hydrological events, monitor ichthyofauna and maintain ecosystem services such as fisheries.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144514517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Angled Vegetation in Modifying Hydrodynamic Properties Around Dike","authors":"Fakhar Muhammad Abbas,&nbsp; Amina,&nbsp;Ghufran Ahmed Pasha,&nbsp;Sohail Iqbal,&nbsp;Naveed Anjum,&nbsp;Muhammad Shahid,&nbsp;Mujahid Iqbal,&nbsp;Kashif Mehmood,&nbsp;Muhammad Jamal Butt,&nbsp;Rizwan Haider","doi":"10.1002/eco.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The position of vegetation patches has a considerable impact on river flow structure and geomorphology. The influence of vegetation patch orientation in the form of an angled position along the side by the dike wall, notably on the subsequent flow characteristics and turbulence, was computationally investigated in the present research work. Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations were adopted for turbulence modelling, and tetrahedral meshing was adopted for measuring the accurate flow phenomenon around the vegetation patch by using 3D commercial software ANSYS FLUENT. Six different angles of vegetation patch were tested (<i>θ</i> = 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, 120° and 150°) along the dike wall. Initially, the results of numerical model were validated using previously published data. This paper presents the results in the form of different profiles and contour plots depicting the mean streamwise velocity, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), eddy viscosity and Reynolds stresses at specific critical locations and sections simulated by the model. The results showed that the current numerical model can successfully replicate the flow characteristics. The mean streamwise velocity profiles and contour plots revealed that the largest velocity was generated by vegetation patches orientated at 60°, 90° and 120° along the dike because of maximum flow resistance, which should be avoided. The velocities on the downstream side of the vegetation patch were significantly reduced across all orientations. The Reynolds stress profiles (<i>u</i>‘<i>u’</i>, <i>v</i>‘<i>v’</i> and <i>w</i>‘<i>w’</i>) indicated that the stresses were lower near the bed and tended to become constant along the flow depth, whereas the TKE was larger inside the vegetation patches during all orientations because of turbulent flow. All angles of the vegetation patch changed the flow patterns, resulting in the formation of recirculation zones and secondary currents around the patch, which was represented in eddy viscosity contours. This study's results show that the flow dynamics in open channels are significantly affected by the orientation of the plant patch.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144492705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}