Ecohydrology最新文献

{"title":"Impact Assessment of River Evolution in the Yellow River Using Ecohydraulic Model","authors":"Yanbing Qi,&nbsp;Yike Li,&nbsp;Chenyang Cao,&nbsp;Qianqian Wang,&nbsp;Lijian Ouyang,&nbsp;Wenyi Zhang,&nbsp;Weiwei Yao","doi":"10.1002/eco.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The construction and operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir and the cascade reservoirs have significantly altered the flow and sediment dynamics in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, impacting riverbed evolution and fish habitat. However, few studies have assessed the impact of river shapes and river evolutions on fish habitat suitability in the Yellow River. In this study, we investigated the impact of the shape of river reach on fish habitat suitability level based on the model system incorporating hydrodynamics, sediment transport and fish habitat suitability parameters. The habitat and ecological situation regarding HSI, WUA and OSI were evaluated for both goldfish (<i>Carassius auratus</i>) and bronze gudgeon (<i>Coreius heterodon</i>) in braided river and meandering river reaches in the lower Yellow River. Additionally, long-term changes in riverbed physical conditions and fish habitat suitability were examined to better understand the effects of river reach and river evolution. Modelled results indicate that fish habitat suitability in both upstream braided and downstream meandering sections enhances with the increasing of flow discharge. Goldfish shows higher habitat suitability in the braided river, whereas bronze gudgeon is more suitable in the meandering river. Over time, however, significant riverbed deformation degrades fish habitat suitability. Habitat suitability decreases progressively, and after the 10th year, neither the upstream braided river nor the downstream meandering river remains suitable for goldfish or bronze gudgeon. Overall, coupling hydrodynamic models with fish habitat models improves our understanding of how river shape and long-term river evolution affect fish habitat suitability, providing valuable insights for future ecological management and conservation efforts.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience at the Cost of Productivity: Biological Soil Crusts Mediate Vegetation Spatial Self-Organization in Drylands","authors":"Daniel J. Kozar,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Rachata Muneepeerakul,&nbsp;Xiaoli Dong","doi":"10.1002/eco.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Water redistribution during rain events in drylands plays a critical role in the persistence and spatial pattern of vascular plants in these patchy ecosystems. Biological soil crusts (BSCs) form a membrane in the soil surface and mediate ecohydrological dynamics. However, little is known about their influence on dryland ecosystem state and spatial pattern under changing climate, which may alter total annual rainfall and intraannual rainfall regime. Building on existing models, we develop a model that considers BSC–vascular plant interactions and realistic ecohydrological dynamics under rainfall pulses. We find that the presence of BSCs often increases ecosystem resilience by promoting runoff to plants under high aridity. However, the benefit of BSCs comes at the cost of plant biomass under relatively wetter conditions; a threshold in BSC effect occurs when water losses from BSCs exceed the benefit by their surface water routing to plants. Increased resilience from BSCs, and their own persistence, can be promoted in finer soils and under rainfall regimes of less frequent events—projected for many drylands. Lastly, we find that BSCs alter feedbacks underlying plant spatial self-organization and hence their formed patterns. In high aridity, BSCs likely ameliorate competition between plants through large scale runoff promotion, reducing plant spatial pattern regularity. Our analysis highlights that BSCs significantly shape drylands' response to climate change and their positive effects on resilience may be stronger and more pervasive in a drier future, but such benefits come at a cost of ecosystem biomass and productivity when aridity is outside a critical range.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of the Seasonal Growth of Myricaria laxiflora on Flow Structure","authors":"Qiong Yang,&nbsp;Yantun Song,&nbsp;Xiwang Wen,&nbsp;Jiayi Li,&nbsp;Rong Hao,&nbsp;Chongfa Cai,&nbsp;Yifan Feng","doi":"10.1002/eco.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous studies on vegetation–flow interactions have underestimated the morpho-biomechanical complexity of riparian plants. By integrating mechanical testing and flume experiments, the study deciphered the morpho-mechanical adaptations of <i>Myricaria laxiflora</i> (a Three Gorges riparian shrub) across its dormant period, early growth period, and growth boom period, while analysing the flow structure responses in the wake area. Biomechanically, stem stiffness showed minimal variation between the dormant and early growth periods, but the bending modulus increased twelvefold during the growth boom period. Aquatic morphological changes were jointly determined by frontal area and mechanical properties: Under maximum flow rates, the greatest bending occurred during the early growth period, followed by the dormant period and then the growth boom period. From the dormant to growth boom periods, the vertical frontal area expansion zone shifted from regions distal to the bed to areas adjacent to the bed, causing a corresponding descent in velocity inflection points within downstream mean velocity profiles. During early growth and growth boom periods, the development of small leaves and lateral branches enhanced frontal area, but elevated flow rates triggered vegetation reconfiguration, thereby weakening overall flow resistance. Turbulence analysis revealed spatially expanded sweep dominance during the growth boom period, intensified ejections and vortices at shear boundary layers lateral to vegetation, amplified inward/outward interactions linked to lateral branch growth, small and dense leaf morphology promoting turbulence dissipation, flexible stems homogenising wake flow and stabilising vortical structures.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143879902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Null Model for Global Root Depth Distributions: Analytical Solution and Comparison to Data","authors":"Ciaran J. Harman,&nbsp;Dana A. Lapides","doi":"10.1002/eco.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To accurately predict earth system response to global change, we must be able to predict the responses of important properties of that system, such as the depths over which plant roots are distributed. In 2008, H. J. Schenk proposed a model for the depth distribution of plant roots based on a simple hydrological scheme and the assumptions that plants will take up the shallowest water available first and will distribute their roots in proportion to long-term mean uptake at each depth. Here, we derive an analytical solution to the Schenk model under an idealised climate (in which infiltration events are treated as a marked Poisson process), explore properties of the result and compare with data. The solution suggests that in very humid and arid climates, the soil wetting and drying cycles induced by root water uptake are generally confined to a characteristic depth below the surface. This depth depends on the typical magnitude of rainfall events (most strongly so in arid climates), the typical total transpiration demand between rainfall events (most strongly in humid climates) and the plant-available water holding capacity of the soil. Root water uptake (and thus predicted root density) in very humid and arid landscapes decreases exponentially with depth at a rate determined by this characteristic depth. However, in a mesic climate, soils may be wet or dry to greater depths below the near-surface, and the duration spent in each state increases with depth. Consequently, root water uptake and root density in mesic climates more closely resemble a power law distribution. When the aridity index is exactly 1, the characteristic depth diverges and the mean rooting depth approaches infinity. This suggests that the most skewed root depth distributions might occur in mesic environments. We compared this model to another analytical solution and a compiled database of root distributions (159 combined locations). For a larger comparison dataset, we also compared 99th percentile rooting depth to rooting depths modeled by two other frameworks and a database of observed rooting depths (1271 combined locations). Results demonstrate that the analytical formulation of the Schenk model performs well as a shallow bound on rooting depths and captures something of the nonexponential form of root distributions, and its error is similar to or less than that of other modeling frameworks. Errors may be partly explained by the deviation of real climate from the idealisations used to obtain an analytical solution (exponentially distributed infiltration events and no seasonality).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key Landscape Factors Influencing Stream Physical Habitats Across the Brazilian Neotropical Savanna","authors":"Heitor Carvalho Lacerda,&nbsp;Diego Rodrigues Macedo,&nbsp;Paulo Santos Pompeu,&nbsp;Luís Felipe Soares Cherem,&nbsp;Robert M. Hughes","doi":"10.1002/eco.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Improved management of small headwater streams in the Cerrado (Neotropical Savanna) biome in Brazil is necessary given the significant landscape transformations caused by anthropogenic activities in recent decades. Thus, we aimed to determine the relative influence of the leading natural landscape features and anthropogenic pressures on the physical habitat structure of 174 headwater stream sites distributed in five hydrological units across the Cerrado. We used multivariate statistical analysis at four different spatial extents to establish likely causal relationships between landscape explanatory variables and 14 stream physical habitat response variables. At the biome extent, natural landscape variables explained only 13% of the variation in the physical habitats, but anthropogenic variables explained no variation. On the other hand, within the hydrological units, natural landscape variables explained 17–31% of physical habitat variation, and anthropogenic activities explained 0–27%. Regarding the influence of spatial extent, catchment variables were most important at the biome extent and within hydrologic units, but riparian and local variables were also significant within hydrologic units. Overall, terrain and drainage features likely drove differences in stream physical habitat in the biome and hydrologic units. Although vegetation cover and anthropogenic activities at the catchment, riparian zone, and site were usually of secondary importance, they occurred in all hydrologic unit models. For conserving and rehabilitating Cerrado headwater streams, it is essential to consider spatial connectivity and processes from catchment to local levels and large hydrologic units as largely independent systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eco.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Evaluation of Ephemeroptera (Insecta) Fauna of Eastern Mediterranean Basin and Determination of Water Quality With Physicochemical Parameters and Benthic Metrics","authors":"Selda Öztürk,&nbsp;Erdoğan Çiçek,&nbsp;Mehmet Güvenç Negiz","doi":"10.1002/eco.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluates the Ephemeroptera fauna and water quality in the Eastern Mediterranean Basin using physicochemical variables and benthic metrics, offering an ecological water quality analysis. Fieldwork conducted during the spring, summer and autumn of 2019 across 20 localities revealed 965 individuals belonging to 17 species from seven families. Among these, only <i>Caenis macrura</i> had been previously reported for the basin, whereas all other species represent new records for the Eastern Mediterranean Basin, significantly contributing to regional biodiversity knowledge. The Shannon–Wiener index showed the highest and lowest species diversity at Stations 6 (1.55) and 9 (0.15), respectively. Cluster analysis revealed 100% similarity between Stations 1, 2, 8, 10 and 19, whereas Station 18 was distinctly different. ANOSIM analyses showed significant differences in species distribution between spring and summer–autumn but none between summer and autumn. MANOVA results indicated no significant differences in temperature between spring and autumn, whereas other seasonal combinations showed notable variations. Water quality index results classified Stations 1, 9, 11, 13, 18 and 20 as moderate; Stations 7 and 8 as low; and others as good or high.</p><p>This study emphasizes the importance of ecosystem-based approaches in conserving water resources. Sensitive benthic organisms like Ephemeroptera facilitate the integration of biological and physicochemical data, aiding sustainable watershed management. This study uniquely contributes to biodiversity knowledge by providing new species records and offers a model for similar studies in other basins.</p>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eco.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought and Vegetation Lag Effects Influence Lizard Abundance: A 10-Year Study of Perennial and Intermittent Urban River Areas","authors":"Heather L. Bateman,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. G. Clark,&nbsp;Fabio Suzart de Albuquerque","doi":"10.1002/eco.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Animals living in urban desert ecosystems are affected by temperature extremes and altered hydrological regimes. Cities can alter both the physical and biotic environment by increasing temperature and modifying vegetation of species habitat. This study explores the ecohydrological interactions among climate, vegetation and lizard abundance along perennial and intermittent river reaches in Phoenix, Maricopa County, AZ, USA, over a decade. We calculated lizard abundance from visual encounter surveys along the Salt River and analysed their relationship with bioclimatic variables and vegetation cover, using geospatial datasets to incorporate annual and lag-year effects. We focused on diurnal insectivorous lizards including <i>Aspidoscelis tigris</i> (tiger whiptail), <i>Uta stansburiana</i> (common side-blotched lizard) and <i>Urosaurus ornatus</i> (ornate tree lizard) and the insectivorous and saurophagous <i>Callisaurus draconoides</i> (zebra-tailed lizard). Some species were more numerous along perennial compared with intermittent reaches highlighting the importance of water availability. Our findings indicated a decline in lizard abundance and richness over the study period, with abundance positively correlating with precipitation. Lizard abundance for some species was related to lagged effects from vegetation cover, emphasizing the delayed response of biotic communities to ecosystem changes. This study provides one of the few assessments of multiyear changes in urban lizard communities in a desert city and underscores the importance of understanding ecohydrological patterns. Drought conditions with low precipitation could have negative impacts on urban lizard abundance, and maintaining perennial flows and vegetation cover can benefit urban desert wildlife.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Afforestation May Not Be the Primary Choice for Vegetation Restoration in Agricultural Pastoral Ecotone of the Loess Plateau, China","authors":"Xu Zhao,&nbsp;Jun Fan,&nbsp;Minghui Li","doi":"10.1002/eco.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The artificial forests have caused greater soil water pressure in the agricultural pastoral ecotone. Understanding vegetation changes, soil water status and their interrelationships is crucial for sustainable development. In this study, fractional vegetation cover (FVC) in Yulin area was calculated for 2000 and 2020, and 23 sites were selected for soil and vegetation field investigations. The results showed that FVC increased from 0.11 in 2000 to 0.25 in 2020, but the spatial distribution of vegetation was uneven. The average gravimetric soil water content (GSWC) of 0–400 cm soil profile ranged from 2.8 to 12.3%. As the depth increases, the GSWC gradually decreased and stabilized at around 5.0%. All 23 sites had dried soil layer (DSL), the average formation depth of dried soil layer (DSLFD) was 162 cm, the average thickness of dried soil layer (DSLT) was 216 cm, and the average gravimetric soil water content of dried soil layer (DSL-GSWC) was 5.2%. In addition, Person correlation analysis indicated that GSWC shows a significant negative correlation with leaf area index (LAI), FVC and height of tree (H), and the DSLFD shows a significant positive correlation with H, diameter at breast height (DBH) and crown width (CW). In terms of species comparison, the highest GSWC was found in grasslands at 8.0%, followed by forests at 6.9%, and finally shrubs at 4.6%. As the climate becomes increasingly arid, the risk of artificial forest ecosystems will increase, and afforestation in the agricultural pastoral ecotone in the past may be unscientific. Perhaps herbaceous plants are more suitable for vegetation restoration, and afforestation is only carried out in some areas.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mulching During Boreal Resource Development Alters Near-Surface Hydrophysical Properties and Triggers Episodic Methane Emissions in Peatland Soils","authors":"Nicole E. Balliston,&nbsp;Marissa A. Davies,&nbsp;Kayla J. Martin,&nbsp;Maria Strack","doi":"10.1002/eco.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Linear disturbances within boreal Canada (e.g. seismic lines) can significantly disrupt carbon cycling in northern peatlands, potentially transforming these significant carbon stocks from long-term carbon sinks into net carbon sources. Recent efforts have been made to quantify the impacts of linear disturbance on vegetation, soil composition and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, little is known about the specific interactions between disturbances to peat hydrophysical structure and composition and the resulting alterations to CO₂ and CH₄ dynamics. To this end, eight poor fen peat cores were collected on, and eight cores collected adjacent to a seismic line representing the top 10 cm of the peat profile. These cores reflected four degrees of disturbance, with four cores per treatment: complete mulch covering, partial mulch covering, mechanical roughing only and undisturbed. In controlled laboratory conditions, cores were subjected to two subsequent static water table conditions (3 and 8 cm below the core surface) for ~30 days each with GHG flux measurements occurring every 2–3 days. Cores were then subdivided into 5 cm segments and underwent hydrophysical (i.e., bulk density, porosity and water retention) and compositional (i.e., C:N and vegetational assemblage) analysis. Results show that peat composition and hydrophysical structure were both strong predictors of GHG emissions. Higher CO₂ emissions were related to peat with high bulk density, low total and effective porosity and low C:N ratios, which occurred at depth in the undisturbed cores and at the surface where mechanical mulching and mixing occurred. Increased CH₄ emissions occurred in a subset of disturbed cores characterized by a reduction in macropores and effective porosity near the surface; these emissions were episodic and occurred where trapped gas was released. Further field-scale research is needed to evaluate the interrelationships between the direct impacts of seismic line creation on hydrophysical structure and composition and the long-term changes in carbon cycling within disturbed systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eco.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riparian Vegetation Adapts to the Antiseasonal Water Fluctuations: Insights From Plant Functional Traits","authors":"Yuan Feng,&nbsp;Zihan Zhu,&nbsp;Ying Shao,&nbsp;Martina Roß-Nickoll,&nbsp;Zhongli Chen","doi":"10.1002/eco.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plant functional traits (PFTs) reflect plant responses to environmental changes, with different species exhibiting distinct trait combinations along environmental gradients, illustrating trade-offs in survival strategies. However, the patterns of functional traits in reservoir water-level fluctuation zones—where hydrological regimes are artificially regulated—remain poorly understood. This study hypothesized that (1) intracommunity functional traits vary along water-level gradients, (2) functional traits converge among species within the same water fluctuation zone and (3) trade-offs in functional traits are evident in morphology, shoots and roots. To test these hypotheses, we analysed plant community properties and measured intra- and interspecies trait variation across spatial and environmental gradients. Correlation analysis identified key drivers of ecological adaptation strategies. Results showed that water fluctuations were the primary factor shaping PFTs, with traits converging horizontally along longitudinal gradients but diverging along lateral gradients. Flooding stress induced niche differentiation in dominant plants, leading to distinct survival strategies: <i>Cynodon dactylon</i> exhibited a high conservation-stasis strategy, while <i>Xanthium sibiricum</i> adopted a fast investment-escape strategy, both maintaining high homeostasis. <i>Cyperus rotundus</i> displayed a conservation-stasis strategy in severely flooding zones but shifted to a fast investment-escape strategy in moderately flooded zones. This study demonstrates that plants employ diverse adaptive strategies under reservoir-induced hydrological conditions, providing insights for revegetation in water-level fluctuation zones as a nature-based solution.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55169,"journal":{"name":"Ecohydrology","volume":"18 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}