Flora最新文献

{"title":"The interactive effect of phenolics and microorganisms on Sphagnum spore viability and germination","authors":"Bei-Bei Fan ,&nbsp;Azim Mallik ,&nbsp;Si-Nan Wang ,&nbsp;Jia-Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian-Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Zhao-Jun Bu","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Allelopathic interactions with microorganisms likely govern plant community assembly, yet their effects on spore germination of <em>Sphagnum</em>, a critical carbon-sequestering genus, remains unknown. Using a hummock sphagnum, <em>S. fuscum</em> and a hollow sphagnum, <em>S. squarrosum</em>, we tested the effects of three phenolic compounds and their mixture common in peatland water on spore germination with and without microorganisms. Both individual and mixture of phenolic compounds increased <em>Sphagnum</em> spore viability. In presence of microorganisms, the viability of <em>S. fuscum</em> spores reduced from 44 to 36 % when cultivated in ultrapure water but it was increased from 52 to 63 % in peat water. Phenolic compounds had inhibitory effect on microbial biomass with stronger effect in peat water (mixture of phenolics) than in individual phenolic compounds. The two <em>Sphagnum</em> species showed different response to allelopathy and microorganisms. While both species showed bet-hedging strategy, the hummock species maintained low and hollow species maintained high germinability. We conclude that <em>Sphagnum</em>-derived phenolics can maintain spore viability by inhibiting microorganisms. We suggest that the inhibitory effect of allelochemicals on microorganisms can be an important mechanism for maintaining viable spore bank in peatlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"331 ","pages":"Article 152823"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144895602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amazonian trees functional adjustments to long term experimental drought are limited and species dependent","authors":"Vanessa Negrão-Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Paulo Bittencourt ,&nbsp;Pablo Sanchez-Martinez ,&nbsp;Lucy Rowland ,&nbsp;Lion R. Martius ,&nbsp;Patrick Meir ,&nbsp;Manolo T. Quintilhan ,&nbsp;José Roberto V. Aragão ,&nbsp;Victor Brigatto ,&nbsp;Vinicius D. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Peter Groenendijk ,&nbsp;Arlete A. Soares ,&nbsp;Antônio Carlos da Costa ,&nbsp;João Athaydes Silva Junior ,&nbsp;Leandro Valle Ferreira ,&nbsp;Grazielle Sales Teodoro","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152821","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152821","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water availability influences the distribution and functioning of tropical forests, yet there is uncertainty about how species will respond to future drier conditions. The longest throughfall exclusion experiment (TFE) in tropical forest, eSecaFlor, which run for 22 years, showed long term soil water reduction resulted in a new eco-hydrological state with minimal drought stress due to reduced biomass, requiring the re-evaluation of species functional adjustments under this new state. In this study, we investigated whether Eastern Amazon tree species in the eSecaFlor TFE adjust their functional traits in response to long-term soil water deficit and whether these adjustments differ across species. We selected 9 species that occur in the control and TFE plots and we measured functional traits related to leaf water status (predawn and midday water potential), leaf and wood economics (specific leaf area and wood density) and xylem anatomical traits related to hydraulic efficiency (vessel diameter and number, and hydraulic specific conductivity). We found that species did not adjust most of their traits in response to the TFE. However, we found species-specific adjustments in predawn water potential and wood density, but those adjustments were not unidirectional, with some species increasing and others decreasing their trait values. Because of limited adjustments, there was no shift in tree functional space caused by the TFE. Our study highlights the need to further study what mechanisms controls species-dependent drought responses and how the Amazon forest species community may be affected given drought responses of species is not uniform.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"331 ","pages":"Article 152821"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenological seasonality and contribution of inter- and intraspecific variation to relationships with morpho-biochemical traits in seasonal Atlantic forests","authors":"Jonatha de Sousa Reis ,&nbsp;José Luiz Alves Silva ,&nbsp;Douglas Rodrigues Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Gustavo Viana de Freitas ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Lima do Couto-Santos ,&nbsp;Ligia Silveira Funch ,&nbsp;Angela Pierre Vitória","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152819","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152819","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seasonality and trait variability influence leaf phenology's duration, intensity, onset, and end. Focusing on species instead of intraspecific variability may oversimplify forest dynamics and limit predictions of morphological-biochemical trait associations. Over two years, leaf flush, fall, and seven morpho-biochemical traits were quantified to explore functional traits related to leaf phenology and the contribution of inter- and intraspecific variability. The study involved 423 individuals of ten deciduous and 21 evergreen species in a seasonal evergreen and a semideciduous forest in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. In the seasonal semideciduous forest, deciduous species showed a seasonality of 0.74–1.02 in leaf flush and fall, compared to evergreens (0.23–0.66). Seasonality in leaf flush and fall was correlated in this forest, regardless of inter- and intraspecific variability. In contrast, leaf flush and fall did not differ between leaf habits in the seasonal evergreen forest. They were not correlated, which may indicate that drought resistance is a prevalent mechanism in this forest, resulting in longer leaf longevity and more continuous phenological patterns. Thickness, specific leaf area, and the carbon/nitrogen ratio were associated with leaf phenology and varied between forests and interspecific and intraspecific variations. Intraspecific variability contributed more to trait variance in the semideciduous forest, while interspecific variability and leaf habit were more influential in the seasonal evergreen forest. Our study highlights the importance of quantifying seasonality in leaf phenology for individuals, not only for species, for enhanced understanding of forest dynamics, particularly where seasonal abiotic factors impact community assembly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"331 ","pages":"Article 152819"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144827400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraspecific trait variability in four geographically widespread peatland plant species in Canada","authors":"Rachel A. Kendall ,&nbsp;Ellie M. Goud ,&nbsp;Scott J. Davidson ,&nbsp;Nicole Balliston ,&nbsp;Claire Estey ,&nbsp;Tasha-Leigh Gauthier ,&nbsp;Kimberly Kleinke ,&nbsp;Andrew Rutland ,&nbsp;Maria Strack","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152797","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152797","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant traits directly influence ecosystem carbon exchange through photosynthesis and respiration, and indirectly control nutrient cycling through structural and chemical characteristics. Efforts to understand the role of plant traits in peatland ecosystem functioning under natural and disturbed conditions have primarily focused on community and species means. However, within-species (‘intraspecific’) variability may contribute to plant and ecosystem responses to environmental change. We measured vascular plant traits that influence carbon and nutrient cycling: leaf size (LS), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), leaf thickness (L_th), and plant height. For non-vascular <em>Sphagnum</em> moss species, we focused on traits associated with the capacity to carry water and photosynthesize: fascicle density (FD), capitulum mass (M_cap), and length-specific stem mass (M_stem). Our objective was to determine the range and potential drivers of intraspecific trait variation (ITV) at a broad environmental scale. We selected geographically widespread species <em>Carex aquatilis, Rhododendron groenlandicum, Sphagnum fuscum</em>, and <em>S. magellanicum</em> complex and sampled plants from 17 sites within Canada, from Alberta to Quebec. All vascular traits varied between species with <em>C. aquatilis</em> being, on average, taller with thinner and larger leaves but similar structural investment (LDMC) relative to <em>R. groenlandicum</em>. Across all sites, <em>R. groenlandicum</em> had a larger range of variation for height and LS whereas <em>C. aquatilis</em> ranged more in LDMC. Between sites, <em>R. groenlandicum</em> varied more in height whereas <em>C. aquatilis</em> varied more in SLA. Moss traits varied between species, with <em>S. fuscum</em> being, on average, smaller with greater FD than <em>S. magellanicum</em> complex. Across all sites, <em>S. fuscum</em> and <em>S. magellanicum</em> complex had a similar range in trait variation, but contrasting responses in ITV to climate, geography, and vapour pressure deficit. Climatic differences among sites are indicated as potential drivers of ITV in these key plant traits, with implications for ecosystem carbon and nutrient cycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 152797"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpopulation variability in the leaf anatomy of Tillandsia loliacea Mart. ex. Schult. f. and Tillandsia streptocarpa Baker. (Bromeliaceae) in different areas of Caatinga","authors":"Lucas da Penha Xavier ,&nbsp;Emília Cristina Pereira de Arruda","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152782","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152782","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is expected to cause prolonged drought events in semiarid regions of the planet and morphoanatomical and physiological characteristics can be selected to promote the acclimatization of plants. Bromeliaceae scales are one of the key traits of these plants that allow them to occupy water-restricted environments, due to their ability to absorb water. However, it is not clear whether these structures undergo changes resulting from climatic changes, contributing to the persistence of the species in increasingly drier environments. With this in mind, this study aimed to investigate the possible anatomical changes in leaves and scales of <em>Tillandsia loliacea</em> and <em>T. streptocarpa</em> growing in areas with different rainfall regimes and the accumulation of substances in the scales. We tested the hypothesis that scale density, scale shield area, and mesophyll thickness increased as precipitation levels decreased. We used usual anatomy techniques to describe leaf tissues, analyzed the density and area of the scales, and performed histochemical tests. Analysis of variance and correlation tests were performed to compare the variables under different precipitation levels and investigate possible relationships between them. Our results showed that both species had a greater density of scales in the low precipitation site. In <em>T. streptocarpa</em>, scale shield area was larger in the high precipitation site, which could be a compensatory mechanism for the low density of scales in this site. Furthermore, only in this species, phenolic compounds were observed inside the stalks of some trichomes specifically in the low and intermediate precipitation sites. These characteristics observed in <em>T. streptocarpa</em> together with those shared with <em>T. loliacea</em> such as high density of scales, presence of a homogeneous mesophyll, and stomata below the epidermal line in the low precipitation site indicate that these species have attributes that may ensure their acclimatization in eventual low precipitation scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 152782"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144480541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secretory ducts in Anacardiaceae leaves: Their ecological role in plant-environment interactions across three amazonian savanna species","authors":"Marcos José Gomes Pessoa,&nbsp;Nicolly Bautz,&nbsp;Maura Da Cunha","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study contributes significantly to the anatomical and biological understanding of secretory ducts in the leaves of three Anacardiaceae species in Amazonian savannas. The lack of prior data in this context motivated us to investigate the structural and histochemical features of these ducts in <em>Anacardium occidentale</em> L., <em>Anacardium giganteum</em> W. Hancock ex Engl., and <em>Tapirira obtusa</em> (Benth.) J. D. Mitch., to advance our knowledge of their development and potential ecological functions. The aim was to interpret and discuss functional, ecological, and taxonomic features of these species. Samples of botanical material were processed using conventional techniques of light, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. The three species analyzed exhibit significant differences in the structure and distribution of the ducts, as well as in the physical characteristics of their secretions. These differences may potentially serve as diagnostic characters. Duct size and length increase through lateral coalescence and anastomosis. Phloem ducts primarily accumulate lipophilic substances, whereas the ducts located in the parenchyma surrounding the vascular tissues of the midvein, here termed the midvein parenchyma, specialize in the accumulation of hydrophilic substances. The epithelium and sheath can be uniseriate or multiseriate. Histochemical tests revealed that the metabolites protect leaves against desiccation, herbivore attacks, pathogens, physical injuries, solar radiation, and local seasonality. Epithelial cells are organelle-poor and serve as sites for synthesis and secretion accumulation. The secretion mechanism is eccrine, granulocrine, and holocrine. These novel insights represent a significant structural, functional, and ecological contribution to plants in tropical phytogeography formations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 152796"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Different benefit from clonal integration of stress signal between a stoloniferous alien invasive plantand its congeneric native one” [FLORA Volume 326, May 2025, 152724]","authors":"Jie Deng,&nbsp;Jiao Tian,&nbsp;Cheng-Gang Qiu,&nbsp;Xue-Mei Wang,&nbsp;Jie Jiang,&nbsp;Han-Jun Yang,&nbsp;Yi Dan,&nbsp;Chang-Fan Chen,&nbsp;Su-Juan Duan,&nbsp;Jin-Song Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152798","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 152798"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Components of water potential and concentrations of nutrient elements in the holoparasitic angiosperm Cynomorium coccineum L. and its host","authors":"Gamal M. Fahmy ,&nbsp;Roda F. Al-Thani","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on parasitic flowering plants in the Arabian Desert is limited due to many factors, such as extreme climatic and edaphic aridity, their low percentage among life forms, and a focus on population and community ecology of desert vegetation. During springtime in April 2022 in an inland desert in southwest Qatar, the perennial angiosperm holoparasite <em>Cynomorium coccineum</em> (Cynomoriaceae) was found infecting the roots of <em>Zygophyllum qatarense</em> (Zygophyllaceae), a common drought- and salt-tolerant succulent shrub. This study aims to identify physiological traits of <em>C. coccineum</em> that may have influenced the host and ascertain host responses during infection. The crown diameter of the host and the uninfected plants, biomass, water, and ash contents, and Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, C, and N concentrations were measured. The dye method was applied to determine water potential (Ψ_w), while osmotic potential (Ψ_s) was measured using an osmometer. Pressure potential (Ψ_p) was calculated by subtracting Ψ_s from Ψ_w. The parasite and host leaves had the lowest (most negative) Ψ_w and Ψ_s, while the roots showed the highest (least negative) values. The parasite had higher Ψ_p than the host roots. Na⁺ concentrations in the leaves of host and uninfected plants and the inflorescence of the parasite were higher than in the roots. Carbon and nitrogen concentrations and nutrient loads of the parasite were higher than in the host. In the tubers of the parasite, concentrations of elements decreased in the order K⁺ &gt; Na⁺ &gt; Ca²⁺, indicating discrimination against Ca²⁺ and selection for K⁺. <em>Zygophyllum qatarense</em>, a robust, high-mass, widely distributed succulent perennial, supplies the parasite with water and nutrients. Simultaneously, low Ψ_w and Ψ_s of the parasite enable it to withdraw sap from the host root. This study showed that <em>C. coccineum</em> has remarkable traits that allow it to selectively manipulate the most common stress-tolerant robust species, <em>Z. qatarense</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 152786"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144469941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stem base and root anatomy of four young legumes from the Cerrado: Implications for fire resilience","authors":"Thalissa Cagnin Pereira,&nbsp;Julia Oliveira Marrega,&nbsp;Maycon Anderson de Araujo,&nbsp;Aline Redondo Martins","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fabaceae is one of the most representative families of the Cerrado, a South American biome characterized by fire and drought. The anatomy of the species present in this biome is intrinsically related to their survival after a fire event, and is essential for understanding their ecological adaptations. This study aimed to describe the anatomical structure of the stem base and root of four native legume tree species (<em>Albizia niopoides, Erythrina crista-galli, Inga laurina</em>, and <em>Senegalia polyphylla</em>) at 6 and 18 months of age. For this purpose, the seedlings were grown in a greenhouse and then the stem base and root were fixed and dehydrated. Some samples were cut with a sliding microtome, and others were sectioned with a rotary microtome. The presence of starch was verified using Lugol's iodine. All species showed secondary growth even at 6 months, with periderm formation and species-specific cork development. Differences between ages included thickening and/or lignification of the cork and variations in the cambial zone activity. Buds were observed at the stem base of <em>A. niopoides</em> and <em>S. polyphylla</em>, suggesting early development of resprouting capacity. Anatomical differences were also noted in the arrangement of fibers, vessel elements, and parenchyma rays between species. Starch was detected mainly in the secondary xylem, varying in quantity and distribution between species and ages. These traits are linked to resilience under environmental stresses such as fire and drought. The findings contribute to understanding the anatomical plasticity and adaptive strategies of juvenile legumes in fire-prone Cerrado ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 152801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing leaf structure characters of taxa of Campomanesia Ruiz & Pav. (Myrtaceae) to use in the taxonomy of the genus","authors":"Daiane Aparecida Camargo Portella ,&nbsp;Marla Ibrahim Uehbe de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Káthia Socorro Mathias Mourão ,&nbsp;Marcela Thadeo","doi":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.flora.2025.152759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leaf structure studies focused on anatomy have helped resolve taxonomic problems in Myrtaceae, demonstrating they are a promising method to better understand poorly known groups. Taxonomically delimiting sterile specimens of <em>Campomanesia</em> is difficult, although this group has leaf structure characters that are little explored in the literature. The present study had the objectives of describing the leaf structure characters of <em>Campomanesia</em> and determining their potential to delaminate taxa. The leaf architecture varied among the species: secondary veins are excurrent or decurrent, with alternate to irregular arrangements; and tertiary veins are percurrent alternate, mixed, or opposite. Freely ending veinlets range from unbranched to highly branched (dendritic), offering potential characters to separate species based on venation complexity. The leaves are dorsiventral and hypostomatic, with a median vascular bundle forming a continuous arch with ends that turn upward or toward the center. This pattern suggests structural adaptations that may be conserved within clades and, thus, might be useful for taxonomic grouping. Petioles have vascular arches that are either invaginated or directed towards the center, and these variations, along with the continuity or discontinuity of the arch, provide additional anatomical markers for species delimitation. The lateral veins have sheath extensions, and aligned secretory cavities can occur in both epidermis surfaces or only in the abaxial surface. The distribution of secretory cavities has proven to be a useful trait for species differentiation in Myrtaceae, which is corroborated here for <em>Campomanesia</em>. These findings demonstrate that leaf structural features are consistent and diverse enough to serve as reliable characters for species delimitation within <em>Campomanesia</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55156,"journal":{"name":"Flora","volume":"330 ","pages":"Article 152759"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}