Forest Pathology最新文献

{"title":"First report of leaf spot caused by Neopestalotiopsis and Calonectria species on Areca ipot seedlings in Luzon, Philippines","authors":"Romana Alyssa D. Mastrili,&nbsp;Jorge R. Ibarra Caballero,&nbsp;Pastor L. Malabrigo Jr,&nbsp;Jane E. Stewart,&nbsp;Jessa P. Ata","doi":"10.1111/efp.12883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Areca ipot</i>, a Philippine endemic species, is categorized as endangered primarily due to habitat loss. A severe outbreak of a new leaf spot disease was observed on <i>A. ipot</i> seedlings in a nursery. Morphological and molecular features of isolates from diseased samples were identified as <i>Neopestalotiopsis</i> sp. and <i>Calonectria</i> sp. The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed by fulfilling Koch's postulates. This is the first report of <i>Neopestalotiopsis</i> sp. and <i>Calonectria</i> sp. causing leaf spot on <i>A. ipot</i> in the Philippines.</p>","PeriodicalId":55153,"journal":{"name":"Forest Pathology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of Cryphonectria carpinicola on Carpinus betulus in Serbia","authors":"Ivan Milenković,&nbsp;Miloš Trifković,&nbsp;Dragan Karadžić,&nbsp;Dušan Jovanović,&nbsp;Zlatan Radulović,&nbsp;Marilia Horta Jung,&nbsp;Thomas Jung","doi":"10.1111/efp.12882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12882","url":null,"abstract":"<p>When monitoring the health status of various woody host plants in urban areas in Serbia, symptoms indicative of <i>Cryphonectria</i>-like infection were recorded on European hornbeam (<i>Carpinus betulus</i>) trees in the natural monument ‘Arboretum of the Faculty of Forestry in Belgrade’. One tree was affected by crown dieback while another one showed dieback of branches. Bark lesions were found on stems which contained numerous stromata with fruiting bodies and orange tendrils. Conidiomata were recorded solely in the infected tissue, producing hyaline, aseptate and bacilloid-shaped conidia with dimensions of 3.4 ± 0.46 × 1.2 ± 0.12 μm. In the isolation tests, all plated bark pieces were positive, and 25 isolates were obtained. Colonies on different agar media were white in the beginning, turning into orange-red colour during ageing. Optimum temperature for growth was 25°C and no growth was recorded at 30°C. A GenBank blast search and a phylogenetic analysis of ITS rDNA sequences of five representative isolates revealed their identity as <i>Cryphonectria carpinicola</i>. To our knowledge, this is the first report of <i>C. carpinicola</i> on hornbeam trees in Serbia, and implications of this finding are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":55153,"journal":{"name":"Forest Pathology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141967466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative analyses of distribution of the heart rot fungus Serpula himantioides in living Chamaecyparis pisifera using real-time polymerase chain reaction","authors":"Ryusei Haraguchi,&nbsp;Toshihide Hirao,&nbsp;Toshihiro Yamada","doi":"10.1111/efp.12881","DOIUrl":"10.1111/efp.12881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Serpula himantioides</i> is a widely distributed wood rot fungus that causes heart rot in various tree species. In Japan, heart rot associated with <i>S. himantioides</i> occurs in <i>Chamaecyparis pisifera</i>; however, its distribution within living trees and changes in its abundance as decay progresses remain unclear. In this study, we used a real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) assay to specifically detect and quantify <i>S. himantioides</i> in wood. This allowed us to determine the distribution of <i>S. himantioides</i> in living <i>C. pisifera</i> and to monitor changes in its abundance as decay progressed. In addition, the mode of decay progression was characterized using nonhierarchical clustering. <i>Serpula himantioides</i> was detected from both decayed and undecayed heartwood and at sites as high as 12 m in the trunk, suggesting that it was widely distributed in the heartwood. The clustering analysis grouped samples into three clusters corresponding to the incipient, intermediate and advanced stages of decay. The abundance of <i>S. himantioides</i> increased from the incipient stage to the intermediate stage of decay and decreased at the advanced stage. The results quantitatively showed that intermediate stage decay moved up the trunk and replaced the part corresponding to the incipient stage as decay progressed. These results will be useful for devising methods for the early detection of heart rot caused by <i>S. himantioides</i> and to understand the progress of decay caused by wood rot fungi in living trees.</p>","PeriodicalId":55153,"journal":{"name":"Forest Pathology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/efp.12881","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141845070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to A critical review on bacterial black spot of mango caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. Mangiferaetndicae: Current status and direction for future research","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/efp.12879","DOIUrl":"10.1111/efp.12879","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sossah, F., L, et al. (2024). A critical review on bacterial black spot of mango caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. Mangiferaetndicae: Current status and direction for future research. <i>Forest Pathology</i>. 2024;54:e12860</p><p>Name of author number 6 on the above titled article was wrongly spelt. It was supposed to be FRED KORMLA ABLORMETI.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":55153,"journal":{"name":"Forest Pathology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/efp.12879","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control and management of Phytophthora damage in forestry—A systematic mapping study","authors":"Noelia López-García,&nbsp;Carmen Romeralo,&nbsp;Jonas Rönnberg,&nbsp;Johanna Witzell","doi":"10.1111/efp.12878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12878","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plant pathogens in the genus <i>Phytophthora</i> are a severe threat to forest plantations, ecosystems and tree nurseries. Especially in forests and natural ecosystems, there is a lack of effective measures to control and manage these pathogens. In this study, we conducted a systematic mapping review to collate evidence regarding the control and management of forest <i>Phytophthora</i> in different production settings and ecosystems. The study aimed to reveal possible knowledge gaps, thus guiding future research priorities. We extracted information from nine databases, limiting the search to studies published during the time period from January 2010 to December 2022. The articles were shared between three reviewers who classified the reports using a set of inclusion/exclusion criteria. A total of 561 articles were included and mapped in a database using pre-defined coding, and critically appraised for relevance and reliability. The analysis showed that biological or bio-based measures were the most studied interventions, followed by genetics or breeding programmes, whereas chemical and silvicultural management approaches were less studied. Most of the studies were conducted in Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand. <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> has been the most studied species followed by <i>P. ramorum</i>. We discuss the current knowledge gaps in the implementation of existing research, likely due to a lack of holistic understanding of the processes over time and space, and suggest future research that is needed to manage <i>Phytophthora</i> in forest ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":55153,"journal":{"name":"Forest Pathology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/efp.12878","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of rubber tree clones to black crust","authors":"Gabriel Leonardi Antonio,&nbsp;Túlio Augusto Mattochek,&nbsp;Dhonata Marcos Perfeito,&nbsp;Erivaldo José Scaloppi Junior,&nbsp;Ivan Herman Fischer,&nbsp;Edson Luiz Furtado,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Firmino","doi":"10.1111/efp.12877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12877","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The occurrence of black crust, a disease previously considered secondary, has become a cause for concern due to early leaf fall in rubber trees (<i>Hevea brasiliensis</i>). This study aimed to identify sources of resistance to black crust in 21 clones of rubber trees in a clonal garden. To achieve this, the disease severity was evaluated through eight assessments conducted over a 2-year period. In each evaluation, 15 leaflets from three different parts of the plant (bottom, middle third and crown) were randomly collected, resulting in a total of 45 leaflets per plant. These leaflets were then taken to the laboratory, and the software Leaf Doctor was used to measure the percentage of leaf area exhibiting symptoms of black crust. The results were analysed using the Scott-Knott test at a 5% probability level. The clones with the highest infected leaf area observed during the evaluations were IAC300, IAC418, IAC503, PB311 and RRIM600. Clone IAC511 did not show any symptoms of the disease in any of the evaluations. Clones IAC301, IAC411, IAC501, IAC507 and IRCA111 exhibited low percentages of affected leaf areas. Additionally, this study revealed the progression of the disease over the evaluation period. The infection initially starts on the youngest leaves (crown) in March and subsequently intensifies in the middle third of the plant, corresponding to the youngest leaf previously infected in the crown. Furthermore, environmental data collected in the experimental area over the 2-year evaluation period indicated that the disease manifests with greater severity when the average temperatures fall below 25°C after periods of heavy rainfall, followed by dry periods with low relative humidity. The data presented in this study significantly contribute to the management of this disease in the field by identifying clones where the disease manifests with lower severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":55153,"journal":{"name":"Forest Pathology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141597154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The outbreak of teak leaf blight disease caused by Alternaria alternata in the semi-arid Bundelkhand region of India","authors":"Ashajyothi Mushineni,&nbsp;Venkatesh Yagavachintapalli Narayanaswamy,&nbsp;Akash Yadav,&nbsp;Balamurugan Alexander,&nbsp;Naresh Kumar,&nbsp;Kavi Sidharthan Venkidusamy,&nbsp;Arunkumar Handa,&nbsp;Arunachalam Ayyanadar,&nbsp;Kumar Aundy","doi":"10.1111/efp.12875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12875","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Tectona grandis</i> is a vital hardwood tree species with substantial industrial and economic importance. From 2020 to 2021, an unusual leaf blight disease was observed in <i>T. grandis</i> saplings planted in the Nursery of the Central Agroforestry Research Institute (CAFRI), Jhansi, India. Disease incidence was recorded as 50%–70% with 40%–82% severity over two consecutive years on over 1000 saplings. The leaf blight disease was extensive, leading to defoliation of young leaves and mortality of teak saplings in the nursery. The pathogen was identified as <i>Alternaria alternata</i> following standard laboratory procedures and sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA). The pathogenicity of two isolates, <i>A. alternata</i> TgAa1 and TgAa2, was proven under greenhouse conditions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the close association of TgAa1 and TgAa2 with other pathogenic <i>A. alternata</i> strains in the NCBI database. <i>A. alternata</i> is considered a severe foliar pathogen, known to cause leaf spot and leaf blight diseases in many annual and perennial plant species. Correct diagnosis and prevention are emphasized to contain the spread of teak leaf blight to other regions in India. This is the first report of <i>A. alternata</i> causing <i>Tectona grandis</i> leaf blight in the Bundelkhand region of India.</p>","PeriodicalId":55153,"journal":{"name":"Forest Pathology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized ascospore ejection method for the evaluation of resistance to Teratosphaeria nubilosa in Eucalyptus","authors":"Camila S. Freitas,&nbsp;Rosiane F. Almeida,&nbsp;Fernando M. Fernandes,&nbsp;Rafael F. Alfenas,&nbsp;Jorge L. Badel,&nbsp;Silvaldo F. Silveira,&nbsp;Acelino C. Alfenas","doi":"10.1111/efp.12873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12873","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Teratosphaeria nubilosa</i> is the predominant causal agent of Teratosphaeria leaf disease (TLD) in experimental plantations of <i>E. globulus</i> in Brazil. It exhibits slow vegetative growth and lack of sporulation in in vitro culture, making it difficult to obtain enough ascospores for mass inoculation. This study aimed to establish an inoculation method based on ascospore ejection from naturally infected leaves and use it to assess the response to <i>T. nubilosa</i> of eucalypt species and interspecific hybrids. First, the optimal temperature and incubation time for ascospores ejection from naturally infected <i>E. globulus</i> leaves were determined in vitro. Then, these optimal conditions were used to assess the response of eight eucalypt genotypes to <i>T. nubilosa</i> inoculation using ejected ascospores. The infected leaves were placed above (T1), above and under (T2) or under (T3) the plants to be inoculated. Significant differences in disease incidence, disease severity and plant defoliation were observed among genotypes and inoculation treatments. Plants exhibited higher incidence, more severe symptoms and more defoliation when exposed to T2. <i>E. globulus</i> and <i>E. globulus</i> × <i>E. nitens</i> clones were the most susceptible whereas an <i>E. benthamii</i> clone was immune. The sources of resistance identified in this work can be used in hybridization programmes with <i>E. globulus</i> to obtain interspecific hybrids expressing resistance to <i>T. nubilosa</i> and retaining the desirable traits for planting in temperate climates. The inoculation method optimized in this work could be used for small and medium-scale screening of <i>Eucalyptus</i> spp. resistant to TLD. However, periodic validation of the species and genotype of the fungus associated with the naturally infected leaves used for inoculation and confirmation of the resistant phenotype of the selected eucalypt clones or progenies through experimental replications over time must be conducted.</p>","PeriodicalId":55153,"journal":{"name":"Forest Pathology","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ganoderma butt rot of hazelnut (Corylus avellana) caused by Ganoderma adspersum in Türkiye","authors":"Muharrem Türkkan,&nbsp;Sibel Derviş,&nbsp;Özlem Özgümüş,&nbsp;Göksel Özer","doi":"10.1111/efp.12872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12872","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In September 2022, hazelnut trees in six orchards in the Çarşamba district of Samsun province, a major hazelnut production area in the Black Sea region of Türkiye, showed symptoms of leaf yellowing, shoot dieback, decline, basal stem rot and the presence of brown bracket-like sessile basidiocarps. Approximately 5%–10% of hazelnut trees were affected, highlighting the significant impact of the disease. A comprehensive morphological analysis was conducted to characterize fungal isolates obtained from symptomatic tissues as <i>G</i>. <i>adspersum</i>. This analysis incorporated features observed in basidiomata from declining trees and those reproduced after isolates were cultivated on wheat grain for spawn production and grown on an oak sawdust-based substrate. Confirmation of identification was achieved through the utilization of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) and small subunit (SSU) loci, along with sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. The <i>G</i>. <i>adspersum</i> isolates generally exhibited no significant growth differences at similar temperatures but demonstrated enhanced growth at 30°C, while growth was completely inhibited at 40°C. Incompatible reactions between isolates confirmed that distinct genotypes were present, highlighting genetic diversity within the species. In the pathogenicity trials, employing a single infested wheat grain per inoculation at the wounded site, hazelnut suckers exhibited distinct brown discolouration surrounding the inoculation site following a 2.5-month incubation period. Significantly, lesions exceeding 3 cm in length were observed, providing clear evidence of vigorous pathogenic activity by <i>G</i>. <i>adspersum</i>. This study is the first report of <i>G</i>. <i>adspersum</i> causing butt rot in hazelnuts, underscoring the significance of this finding for hazelnut cultivation and providing a foundation for future research and disease management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55153,"journal":{"name":"Forest Pathology","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/efp.12872","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungi associated with shoot dieback of Pinus mugo subsp. mugo in the Polish Tatra Mountains","authors":"Robert Jankowiak,&nbsp;Czesław Bartnik,&nbsp;Dominika Ledwich,&nbsp;Piotr Bilański,&nbsp;Stephen J. Taerum","doi":"10.1111/efp.12874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12874","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dieback of dwarf pine scrub (<i>Pinus mugo</i> subsp. <i>mugo</i>) shoots can limit the growth of this species in subalpine areas of the Carpathian Mountains. In July 2023, extensive shoot decline was observed in <i>P. mugo</i> patches in the West Tatra Mountains in southern Poland. Symptomatic shoots showed shoot tip dieback and red-brown needle discoloration. Internal symptoms included dark discoloration of the pith parenchyma and necrotic lesions in shoot periderms. In this study, we described the symptoms of <i>P. mugo</i> shoot dieback and surveyed the culturable fungi from asymptomatic and symptomatic <i>P. mugo</i> shoots, as well as the bases of needles growing from shoots. In addition, we conducted phylogenetic analyses to distinguish between potential cryptic species of <i>Sydowia polyspora</i>. The dwarf pine scrub shoots and needles were sampled from four patches in the Polish Tatra Mountains. In total, 128 distinct taxa were identified. <i>Ascomycota</i> was dominant, representing 96.6% of the isolates. Among the taxa identified, <i>Sydowia polyspora</i> crypt. sp. I, <i>Lachnellula calyciformis</i>, <i>Mollisia</i> sp. 8, <i>Tympanis</i> sp., <i>Epicoccum mezzettii</i>, <i>E. nigrum</i>, <i>Infundichalara</i> sp., <i>Lophium mytilinum</i>, <i>Cytospora</i> sp., <i>Soosiella</i> sp., <i>Cladosporium westerdijkiae</i> and <i>Hendersonia pinicola</i> were most frequently isolated. In most cases, tissue type and sample site significantly affected the abundance and composition of colonizing fungi. Only <i>S. polyspora</i> was found consistently in all sample types, suggesting that this fungus may be responsible for the shoot dieback of <i>P. mugo</i>. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that <i>S. polyspora</i> should be treated as a species complex containing at least four cryptic species (referred to as groups I–IV), that are highly host-specific to different conifer species. We also found several other well-known pathogens, namely <i>Allantophomopsis pseudotsugae</i>, <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, <i>Cytospora</i> sp., <i>Fusarium</i> sp., <i>Sirococcus conigenus</i> and <i>Tympanis</i> sp., which may cause considerable damage to <i>Pinus</i> spp. shoots. Among them, only <i>Cytospora</i> sp., and <i>Tympanis</i> sp. were found often. This is the first comprehensive survey of the fungi associated with extensive shoot dieback of <i>P. mugo</i> in the Carpathian Mountains, and this research led to the discovery of numerous new fungal species associated with <i>P. mugo</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":55153,"journal":{"name":"Forest Pathology","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141488861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}