Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a最新文献

{"title":"INSURANCE OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES IN AN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE SOCIETY","authors":"Ben Kajwang","doi":"10.47672/ejt.1180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejt.1180","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study examined the insurance opportunities and challenges in an Artificial Intelligence society. \u0000Methodology: This study relied on a critical review of previous academic studies on Artificial Intelligence and the insurance industry between 2017 and 2022. This method was chosen since it is more reliable, economical, and efficient in terms of time and resources. In addition, the researcher opted to use recent studies since they provide more updated information on the AI technologies that have significant impact on the insurance industry. \u0000Findings: The results of the study revealed that the reviewed studies consisted of contextual and conceptual gaps. This is because some of the studies did not target insurance companies but other companies hence the findings may not be applicable to the insurance industry. In addition, most of these studies  discussed the insurance opportunities and benefits at in depth, but failed to discuss on the challenges that insurance firms face in an artificial intelligence society. \u0000Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The findings of this study will be relevant to the main players in the insurance industry. The management team of the insurance companies will have a better understanding of how the various AI technologies are adopted to the different insurance operations so as to improve business efficiency. The study has also been able to  outline the main challenge that the insurance sector experience in the adoption of AI, this will encourage the management to consider investing in training programmes so as to improve the skills of their employees. On the other hand, the policymakers will also benefit from this study when developing better legal frameworks that promote the adoption of AI. Further, the study will also be useful academically to researchers and scholars by expanding the body of information on insurance and artificial intelligence, which is still scarce. The reviewed studies' highlighted research gaps that can also inspire researchers and scholars to conduct additional research on artificial intelligence and insurance. In particular, the study's key research gap on the insurance challenge experienced in an artificial intelligence society. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":55090,"journal":{"name":"Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75313895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drone Equipment and Configuration for Crude Oil Spill Detection in Water","authors":"Tohnain Roland Fuchi, Louis Mokam, Timothée Kombé","doi":"10.47672/ejt.1127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejt.1127","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The objectives of this article was to outline the various equipment and configuration of drones which can be used to detect and support oil spill response in water. The study aimed at identify the type of sensors that can be mounted on drones for effective crude oil spill detection in water. \u0000Methodology: A systematic review of past articles on drones in disaster management was done. In this article, various parts of drone and configuration was tested. Sensors capable of detecting crude oil in the visible, infra-red, near infrared, laser fluoro-sensor were elaborated. \u0000Findings: A drone can properly be used for oil spill response operations. Appropriate sensors mounted on the drone can detect oil spill in water and can also access locations which are not readily accessible to large ships and other aerial patrol platform. The limitation of drones is the payload capability and its inability to operate well in windy weather. \u0000Recommendation: Since data collection with drone are faster, cheaper and easier during an oil spill response operations, it is highly recommended to mount the suitable sensor capable of detecting oil sheen even during nighttime operations.","PeriodicalId":55090,"journal":{"name":"Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79643745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Laboratory Results from New Methods of Measuring Proppant Conductivity to Model Hydraulic Fractures in Reservoir Simulation","authors":"Kofi Dabo, S. Schrader,  Richard Schrader, Sterling Richard","doi":"10.47672/ejt.1117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejt.1117","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Hydraulic fracturing processes are conducted to create new fractures in a rock to increase the size, extent, and connectivity of existing fractures. The American Petroleum Institute (API) developed two testing procedures for measuring conductivity of proppants in a laboratory setting, namely; the Short-Term Proppant Conductivity Testing Procedure and Long-Term Proppant Conductivity Testing Method.  However, these laboratory testing methods have produced inconsistent results, with a significant coefficient of variance of ±80% from one test to the other even with the use of the same proppants and procedures. Thus, this work seeks to use an improved laboratory variance from Montana Tech conductivity measurements to model hydraulic fractures in reservoir simulation to evaluate how it performs or compares with field performance. \u0000Methodology: Montana Tech researchers have developed new proppant conductivity testing methods to lower this variance. These testing procedures showed more consistent results with an average variance of ±7.6% and ±14.3% in ceramic and sand proppants respectively. These tests were all done at laboratory conditions and therefore this work used field production data obtained from the Willison Bakken Formation and an arbitrary high permeability value as a benchmark against the fracture models built using laboratory results from the new methods of measuring proppant conductivity testing by Montana Technological University. \u0000Findings: The conductivity values corresponding with 6,500 psi closure stress obtained for sand and ceramic were 2,133.5 md-ft and 4,870.3 md-ft respectively. The high permeability model recorded an incremental recovery increase of 42% over the unfractured model. Similarly, the laboratory sand and ceramic models had an incremental recovery increase of 12.9% and 33% respectively over the unfractured model. The dimensionless fracture conductivity for the laboratory sand, laboratory ceramic and high permeability models were 1,246, 2,844 and 233,577 respectively. Generally, laboratory conductivity overestimates field performance, however, this work did not show an improvement in modeling fractures using laboratory data as a result of the extremely low porosity and permeability values of the Bakken wells used for the study and the limitedness of the software package used. Simulation of low permeability reservoirs is still an area in development as traditional models often fail to produce results that match the physics. It is possible that as simulation methods for these types of reservoirs improve, the new laboratory data for fracture conductivity will prove beneficial in modeling. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy (recommendation): A sensitivity analysis should be performed in Petrel that starts with the laboratory fracture conductivity and ends with infinite fracture conductivity. This would help determine the effect of correctly measuring fracture conductivity. Again, a better technique","PeriodicalId":55090,"journal":{"name":"Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72784381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethical Climate: Analyzing the Moderation Effect on Cardinal Virtues and Employees’ Cyber Security Ethical Behavior Intention in Ugandan Commercial Banks.","authors":"Ruth Nakato, Mayoka G Kituyi, Fred Kaggwa","doi":"10.47672/ejt.1112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejt.1112","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Ethics is the last issue that organizations ponder about when planning cyber security strategies. Yet Ethical behaviors have a big impact on the interactions with software and technology. The lack of employees’ cyber security ethical behavior and a weak ethical climate have encouraged security violations in the banks. Employees organize over 90% cyber security breaches and even cooperate with external attackers to cause havoc.  This research aimed at understanding the moderation effect of Ethical Climate on the influence of the ethical virtues and cyber security ethical behavior in the central Ugandan commercial banks. \u0000Methodology: Ethical climate theory provided the conceptual framework for this study. The quantitative survey method utilizing an online questionnaire was used. Data was obtained from a sample of 240 commercial banks’ employees drawn from Centenary and ABSA banks’ branches in central Uganda. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was used to test for casual relations between the study’s constructs.  The data was analyzed and the hypothesis tested using Mod graphs. \u0000Findings: The results reveal that ethical climate effect on temperance, courage, prudence and justice was positive but insignificant. All the lines of the mod graphs were parallel meaning that the slope and the influence of cardinal virtues on cyber security ethical behavior intention is the same at all levels of the ethical climate. Inferring that Ethical climate does not moderate the influence of cardinal virtues and cyber security ethical behavior. Ethical Climate on the other hand had a positive and significant influence on cyber security ethical behavior. An increase in ethical climate positively influences an increase in cyber security ethical behavior. \u0000Contribution to theory and Practice: This research makes a theoretical contribution in promoting ethical climate as a theory that has a positive effect on employees’ cyber security ethical behavior.  The research further provides a significant understanding to Ugandan banks administrators, policy makers and cyber security policy implementation committees of the substantial positive influence of Ethical Climate on connection between Virtue ethics and employees’ cyber security ethical behavior. \u0000Recommendation: The study recommends that the banks need to establish strong ethical climate to allow employees to continue observing cyber security ethical conduct. When the ethical climate is   strong, employees experience a lesser amount of force to breach the banks’ cyber security.","PeriodicalId":55090,"journal":{"name":"Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88086802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards People Crowd Detection Using Wireless Sensor Networks","authors":"Aggrey Obbo, Pius Ariho, Evarist Nabaasa","doi":"10.47672/ejt.1071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejt.1071","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to examine and propose the use of wireless sensor networks for people crowd detection in resource constrained environments such as developing economies. \u0000Methodology: A systematic review was carried out on current technological trends and application of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in crowd detection.  For this study, focus was on WSN implementation in developing economies, where infrastructure is underdeveloped and people crowds are dynamic and spontaneous. Based on a requirement analysis and knowledge of the inherent challenges of WSNs, a WSN implementation for people crowd detection was proposed. \u0000Findings: Most studies in crowd detection using WSNs, have been in the area of non-people crowds. However issues critical to deployment of WSNs for people crowd detection in developing countries include: the uncontrollable nature of people crowds, under developed physical infrastructure and the inherent challenges of power, computational capacity and broadcast communication characterizing WSNs. Achieving people crowd detection using WSNs therefore, calls for special attention. \u0000Recommendation: To ensure effective people crowd detection, requires taking into consideration connectivity, scalability, performance, security, accuracy and resource utilization of WSNs.  ","PeriodicalId":55090,"journal":{"name":"Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85182281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishing the Influences of Cardinal Virtues on Employees’ Cyber Security Ethical Behavior in the Banking Sector in Uganda","authors":"Ruth Nakato, Mayoka G Kituyi, Fred Kaggwa","doi":"10.47672/ejt.896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47672/ejt.896","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Cyber security threats emanating from employees’ incorrect behavior have escalated in the banking sector. Yet formal policies and technical solutions have failed to solve the problem. Virtue ethics may be a method that can handle this concern. This research aimed at enhancing Cyber security by confirming through statistical analysis the applicability of cardinal virtues related to cyber security ethical behavior. \u0000Methodology: The quantitative survey method utilizing an online questionnaire was used. Confirmatory factor analysis determined causal patterns in the variables and assessed them for validity and reliability. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling was then used to test casual relations between the study’s constructs.   \u0000Findings: The results reveal that there is a positive but an insignificant effect of prudence Beta 0.094. p = 0.277 on cyber security ethical behavioral Intentions; there is a positive and significant influence of Temperance; Beta 0.255, p = .000; a positive and significant influence of courage; Beta 0.247, p = .001; on cyber security ethical behavior, that there is a positive and significant influence of Justice; Beta 0.452, p = .000; on cyber security ethical behavioral Intentions.  The results further showed that a positive change in ethical behavior intentions leads to a positive change in cyber security ethical behavior. \u0000Unique contribution to theory and practice: This research makes a theoretical contribution to Cyber security ethics by promoting virtue ethics as a framework for moral investigations into Cyber security. Results can be utilized to improve methods, instruments, and tools to assess the employees’ cyber security ethical behavior. Policy makers can develop virtue ethical based training programs with dedicated, continuous learning and teaching undertakings geared towards monitoring and enhancing the overall ethical behavior towards cyber security in the banks.  The results are a platform to the Government of Uganda through the Ministry of ICT in generating appropriate national policies related to Cyber security ethics as a strategy aimed at improving Cyber security in the banking sector.","PeriodicalId":55090,"journal":{"name":"Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81965208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermomechanical constitutive equations for glass and numerical simulation on automobile glass forming technology","authors":"Jianwei Li","doi":"10.13036/17533546.63.4.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13036/17533546.63.4.006","url":null,"abstract":"To establish a comprehensive numerical model for automotive glass forming, firstly, this paper conducts material tests of 3·2 SG glass to obtain detailed material properties. Through thermal expansion experiments, the thermal expansion coefficients including glassy and liquid states are obtained; then by using three-point bending stress relaxation and differential scanning calorimetry experiments, the stress relaxation and structural relaxation properties of the glass are obtained. Finally, a comparison analysis of the simulation and the actual spherical deviation for an actual automobile glass product is carried out. The result shows that the product simulation and the actual product spherical deviation correspond. The maximum value of the spherical deviation is within 0·94 mm between simulation and the actual product spherical deviation. The accuracy can meet the design requirements, and the established numerical model is reliable.","PeriodicalId":55090,"journal":{"name":"Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76336202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roman glass makes it's way to Castleford","authors":"Trevor A. Gledhill","doi":"10.13036/17533546.63.2.gledhill","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13036/17533546.63.2.gledhill","url":null,"abstract":"he archaeological digs carried out into Castleford’s past have revealed a great amount of glass fragments. More than 2400 pieces of vessel glass were found from a minimum of 238 vessels, more than 800 pieces of bottle glass from a minimum of 48 containers, more than 200 pieces of glass and frit beads, 46 gaming counters and 50 tesserie were found. From the catalogued finds by trenches the finds were: glass vessels 148 fort, 454 vicus and 26 from areas which covered both fort and vicus; and the glass objects were 74 fort, 223 vicus and 12 from both.","PeriodicalId":55090,"journal":{"name":"Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88286022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ravenscroft’s Enterprise and its impact on the development of English lead crystal glass","authors":"Michael-Sebastian Noble","doi":"10.13036/17533546.63.5.008n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13036/17533546.63.5.008n","url":null,"abstract":"The conventional view that George Ravenscroft’s patent of 1674 was granted for the invention of lead glass has been questioned in recent years, the wording in the patent entry book stating, quite simply, ‘A grant to George Ravenscroft Gent. of the sole use and benefit of his invention of Cristaline Glass resembling Rock Cristall, for drinking glasses, for the term and space of seven years, March 19th 1673/4.’ Undoubtedly lead glass emerged from this early enterprise, but this seems to be more the result of changes to the raw materials used rather than being part of the original concept.","PeriodicalId":55090,"journal":{"name":"Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72802554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rooswijk wreck, Goodwin Sands: Examination and analysis of 18th-century glass bottles","authors":"Kamil Prus","doi":"10.13036/17533546.63.3.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13036/17533546.63.3.003","url":null,"abstract":"The #Rooswijk1740 project is funded and led by the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands (Ministry of Education, Science and Culture), in collaboration with project partner Historic England and UK-contractor MSDS Marine. The oxide compositions of 17 glass bottles recovered from the Rooswijk, a Dutch East India Company (VOC) Indiaman lost in 1740 on the Goodwin Sands, were determined by micro-x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy paired with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) analysis, focusing on the origins of the bottles. Three of the bottle samples were identified as of probable English origin and part of the same batch. Most of the bottles are probably from continental Europe, with at least two likely to be Dutch, although their precise origins could not be identified conclusively.","PeriodicalId":55090,"journal":{"name":"Glass Technology-European Journal of Glass Science and Technology Part a","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78390505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}