Towards People Crowd Detection Using Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine and propose the use of wireless sensor networks for people crowd detection in resource constrained environments such as developing economies. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out on current technological trends and application of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in crowd detection.  For this study, focus was on WSN implementation in developing economies, where infrastructure is underdeveloped and people crowds are dynamic and spontaneous. Based on a requirement analysis and knowledge of the inherent challenges of WSNs, a WSN implementation for people crowd detection was proposed. Findings: Most studies in crowd detection using WSNs, have been in the area of non-people crowds. However issues critical to deployment of WSNs for people crowd detection in developing countries include: the uncontrollable nature of people crowds, under developed physical infrastructure and the inherent challenges of power, computational capacity and broadcast communication characterizing WSNs. Achieving people crowd detection using WSNs therefore, calls for special attention. Recommendation: To ensure effective people crowd detection, requires taking into consideration connectivity, scalability, performance, security, accuracy and resource utilization of WSNs.