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Beyond Data: Recognizing the Democratic Potential of Citizen Science 超越数据：认识公民科学的民主潜力
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2023.3344904
Magdalena Roszczyńska-Kurasińska;Anna Domaradzka;Michael O’Grady;Baptiste Bedessem;Niccolò Tempini;Mateusz Trochymiak;Nina Wróblewska
{"title":"Beyond Data: Recognizing the Democratic Potential of Citizen Science","authors":"Magdalena Roszczyńska-Kurasińska;Anna Domaradzka;Michael O’Grady;Baptiste Bedessem;Niccolò Tempini;Mateusz Trochymiak;Nina Wróblewska","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2023.3344904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2023.3344904","url":null,"abstract":"Until Recently, The citizen science approach to knowledge production had been confined to scientific research, applied to a limited range of questions on which scientists and citizens could collaborate and trust each other. More recently, this approach has gained increasing attention from various quarters outside the traditional remit of professionalized science, which include local governments, civil society organizations (CSOs), professional networks, and cooperatives. These entities recognize citizen science as a practical method that harnesses the collective resources of a community to address pressing local concerns and promote a robust participatory democracy. Emerging initiatives include citizen observatories, data cooperatives, and collaboration platforms. Despite the growing popularity, managing citizen science initiatives (involving numerous participants over an extended period of time) poses considerable challenges. Leaders of citizen science initiatives grapple with difficulties that appear formidable to overcome. At present, the democratic potential of citizen science necessitates further development and scrutiny from social and political actors. Critics frequently underscore a disparity between the democratic ideals associated with citizen science and its current practical implementation. This article outlines the primary benefits and challenges associated with the democratization of citizen science. It builds from the empirical research of the ISEED project\u0000<xref>1</xref>\u0000 as well as the theoretical contribution of the Right to the Smart City project\u0000<xref>2</xref>\u0000 and formulates 10 key recommendations to citizen science project leaders.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IEEE WIE IEEE WIE
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2023.3344901
{"title":"IEEE WIE","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2023.3344901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2023.3344901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10410135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Listeners: A History of Wiretapping in the United States—Bruce Hochman (Cambridge, MA, USA: Harvard Univ. Press, 2022, 366 pp.) 窃听者：美国窃听史--布鲁斯-霍克曼》（美国马萨诸塞州剑桥：哈佛大学出版社，2022 年，366 页）
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2023.3342859
Charles Robinson
{"title":"The Listeners: A History of Wiretapping in the United States—Bruce Hochman (Cambridge, MA, USA: Harvard Univ. Press, 2022, 366 pp.)","authors":"Charles Robinson","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2023.3342859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2023.3342859","url":null,"abstract":"It is 1864. Union and Confederate soldiers, often less than 300 yards apart, are tapping the copper telegraph lines of their opposition. Soon, disinformation campaigns and coded keying were developed. So begins the history of wiretapping in The Listeners, by Bruce Hochman, professor of English and director of American studies at Georgetown University. His 282 pages of text and 56 pages of scholarly notes brings us into the early 1990s when the explosion of fiber optics, spy satellites, pen registers that recorded all numbers dialed from a given phone, and internet data mining all supplemented, but never replaced, the “Wire Tap.” The breadth and intensity of the conflict over wiretapping is documented in this volume through detailed examinations of major Supreme Court decisions, which now are resulting in the near completion of the U.S. Surveillance State.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10410136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Human Centricity in the Relationship Between Explainability and Trust in AI 人工智能中可解释性与信任关系中的人类中心论
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2023.3340238
Zahra Atf;Peter R. Lewis
{"title":"Human Centricity in the Relationship Between Explainability and Trust in AI","authors":"Zahra Atf;Peter R. Lewis","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2023.3340238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2023.3340238","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now applied in various contexts, from casual uses like entertainment and smart homes to critical decisions such as determining medical priorities, drug recommendations, humanitarian aid planning, satellite schedules, privacy, and detecting malicious software. There has been significant research into the societal impacts of algorithmic decision-making. For instance, studies on consumer preferences in user-centered explainable AI (XAI) found that AI is becoming an integral part of our daily experiences, with its influence expected to surge \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000. Researchers have also shed light on racial prejudices in algorithm-based bail decisions, probed the possibility of biases in AI-driven recruitment systems, and detected gender bias in online ads \u0000<xref>[2]</xref>\u0000.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10410142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Call for Papers: ISTAS 2024 征集论文：ISTAS 2024
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2023.3344895
{"title":"Call for Papers: ISTAS 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2023.3344895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2023.3344895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10410101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sensory Futures: Deafness and Cochlear Implant Infrastructure in India—Michele Ilana Friedner (Minneapolis, MN, USA: Univ. Minnesota Press, 2022, 288 pp.) 感官的未来：印度的耳聋和人工耳蜗植入基础设施--米歇尔-伊莲娜-弗里德纳（美国明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯：明尼苏达大学出版社，2022 年，288 页。）
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2023.3329897
Michelle Charette
{"title":"Sensory Futures: Deafness and Cochlear Implant Infrastructure in India—Michele Ilana Friedner (Minneapolis, MN, USA: Univ. Minnesota Press, 2022, 288 pp.)","authors":"Michelle Charette","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2023.3329897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2023.3329897","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments using electricity to stimulate hearing date back as far as 1748, when the portraitist and electricity researcher Benjamin Wilson electricized a covered vial through a wire that ran from one side of a woman’s temple to the opposite end of her head, bringing about an explosion and small warmth from ear to ear. An experiment from the 1930s made use of a living cat as a microphone, wherein an attempt was made to stimulate the cat’s auditory nerve \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000. If the electrical contact was successful, a listener could hear sounds spoken into the cat’s ear through a connected telephone receiver.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10410095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Technology in America: A History of Individuals and Ideas—Carroll Pursell, Ed. (Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2018, 3rd ed., 360 pp.) 美国的技术：个人与思想史--卡罗尔-普塞尔编》（美国马萨诸塞州剑桥市：麻省理工学院出版社，2018年，第3版，360页）。
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2023.3329896
A. David Wunsch
{"title":"Technology in America: A History of Individuals and Ideas—Carroll Pursell, Ed. (Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2018, 3rd ed., 360 pp.)","authors":"A. David Wunsch","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2023.3329896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2023.3329896","url":null,"abstract":"Reading the 26 essays of this well-regarded book now in its third edition was such a pleasurable experience that I wanted to teach a course in which I might assign it to my students. The text would be of particular interest to engineering students—it is about their profession—as well as of interest to people in the field of the history of technology. The main strength of the work is its sometimes novel choice of topics. Its occasional weakness is the failure of some important subjects to appear. Historians of technology will recognize some familiar names in the list of essayists. Merritt Roe Smith writes about Eli Whitney’s role in the American system of manufacturing and demolishes the notion that Whitney pioneered manufacturing with interchangeable parts. Thomas Parke Hughes writes on Thomas Edison, and Ruth Schwartz Cowan on Ellen Swallow Richards, in 1870, the first woman to graduate from MIT and the driving force behind the establishment of the discipline of home economics.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10410137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding the Role of Technology in Society 了解技术在社会中的作用
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2023.3344903
{"title":"Understanding the Role of Technology in Society","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2023.3344903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2023.3344903","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10410099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IEEE Foundation 电气和电子工程师学会基金会
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2024.3352212
{"title":"IEEE Foundation","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2024.3352212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2024.3352212","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10410134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139504390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Data for Societal Good: A Contextual Approach 社会公益数据：一种情境方法
IF 2.2 4区 工程技术
IEEE Technology and Society Magazine Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1109/MTS.2023.3306528
Frederick Kaefer;Guillermina Mora;Ravi Nath
{"title":"Data for Societal Good: A Contextual Approach","authors":"Frederick Kaefer;Guillermina Mora;Ravi Nath","doi":"10.1109/MTS.2023.3306528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MTS.2023.3306528","url":null,"abstract":"The history of technological innovations is replete with examples of both positive and negative societal impacts. An often-cited example is that of textile workers (referred to as Luddites) who rebelled against the machines that threatened their livelihoods as their artisans’ skilled labor was being replaced with less skilled machine workers \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000. On the other hand, a positive impact of that technology was that the machine workers could do the work with higher efficiency. It is generally the case that for successful innovations, the positives outweigh the negatives resulting in a net positive to societies. This pattern continues to repeat itself in this information age.","PeriodicalId":55016,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Technology and Society Magazine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50323973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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