International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping最新文献

{"title":"Oxidation evolutions in different regions of 9Cr3W3Co martensitic steel welded joints exposed to oxygenated supercritical water at 650 °C","authors":"H.G. Han ,&nbsp;Y.M. Han ,&nbsp;Y.H. Lu ,&nbsp;Z.Z. Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The oxidation behaviors of 9Cr3W3Co steel welded joints exposed to supercritical water with dissolved oxygen of 300 ppb at 650 °C, 30 MPa for 50–1500 h were studied. The results showed that the grain boundary density of the weld metal was slightly greater than that of the equiaxed grain zone and significantly greater than that of the inter-critical zone and the base metal, but the fine grain band of the inter-critical zone had a larger percentage of the prior austenite grain boundaries. Different from the base metal and heat affected zone, the weld metal was virtually free of Cu. The higher grain boundary density promoted the growth of the internal oxide layer at the initial stage of oxidation, and accelerated the formation of continuous FeCr₂O₄ layer with the extension of oxidation time. Cu promoted the growth of outer layer of oxide film in heat affected zone and base metal, and delayed the formation of the continuous FeCr₂O₄ layer. Consequently, at the initial stage of oxidation, the oxide film formed in the equiaxed grain zone was the thickest. After long-time oxidation, the continuous FeCr₂O₄ layer was first formed in the weld metal, resulting in the thinnest oxide film of weld metal. In addition, the FeCr₂O₄ band formed along various boundaries led to the formation of wavy oxidation fronts in each sub region of the welded joint after long-time oxidation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105530"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Through-wall failure of a main steam bypass line socket weld and the flaw evaluation methodology","authors":"Yue Zou ,&nbsp;Brian Derreberry ,&nbsp;Mohammed Farooq","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A recent event of through-wall leakage occurred on a 1 inch Class 2 turbine driven Auxiliary Feedwater steam supply bypass line at Surry Nuclear Power Station. The cause of the leakage was identified as a very small defect in a socket weld near the fitting side weld toe. The as-found weld flaw in the affected socket weld was evaluated based on a degraded cross-section methodology to demonstrate the acceptability of this condition, which formed the basis to seek relief from the NRC and allowed the time needed to design and install a structural clamp per ASME Section XI to ensure long-term stability of the welded joint. Recognizing the limitation of the in-house methodology and the need for a common methodology for resolutions to similar events associated with socket weld failures from across the industry, a flaw evaluation methodology based on Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics, similar to the approach used in Code Case N-513 of ASME Section XI was proposed, along with new stress terms defined for socket welds. Finite Element models were developed for the bypass line socket weld to evaluate stresses in detail. Stress intensity factors were calculated for postulated semi-elliptical flaws along the shortest distance from the socket weld root to its surface, as an attempt to investigate the effects of the socket weld geometry on the weld strength. It is demonstrated that such an approach is feasible through the use of geometrical factors to account for the effects of the geometry on the stresses in the vicinity of the socket weld. The scope and applicability of the proposed flaw evaluation methodology for socket welds were also discussed, along with future work required to provide the bases for establishing the acceptance criteria and the parameters used in calculating the stress intensity factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105531"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture toughness characterization of X52 steel - experimental and XFEM-based investigation using small-scale SENT geometry","authors":"Enayat Najari ,&nbsp;Mohammad Kheirkhah Gilde ,&nbsp;Ali Imanpour ,&nbsp;Nader Yoosef-Ghodsi ,&nbsp;Samer Adeeb","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study characterizes the fracture toughness properties of an API X52 vintage pipeline steel through fracture testing and extended finite element simulation of Single-Edge Notched Tension (SENT) specimens. The aims are to enhance understanding of the steel's fracture toughness, evaluate the capability of XFEM in predicting the fracture behavior of SENT specimens, and calibrate the damage parameters of XFEM for the X52 steel under study, thereby improving the integrity assessment of vintage pipeline networks. In the experimental phase, three groups of SENT specimens with different initial notch length to specimen width ratios (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo>/</mo><mi>W</mi><mo>=</mo></mrow></math></span> 0.2, 0.3, and 0.5) were loaded until fracture. Each group of specimens consisted of three replicates to ensure reproducibility. Global displacements were measured using the load cell of the testing machine, while surface displacements, including Crack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) and Crack Mouth Opening Displacement (CMOD), were measured via the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique. To compare the tested steel's fracture toughness with that reported in other studies, the J-integral and CTOD resistance curves (R-curves) were generated using the multiple specimen technique. For this purpose, having accurate crack extension (<span><math><mrow><mo>Δ</mo><mi>a</mi></mrow></math></span>) values was critical. Hence, we devised a novel method to identify the crack tip and compared it with the crack tip observed in the images captured by the DIC system. The numerical phase involved calibrating the fracture parameters of XFEM models and comparing the Force-displacement and Force-COD outputs of the calibrated models with experimental results. It also included studying the stress triaxiality of specimens with different <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>0</mn></msub><mo>/</mo><mi>W</mi></mrow></math></span> values and concluded with a sensitivity analysis of mesh size and damage initiation and evolution parameters. The close agreement between XFEM predictions and experimental results confirms the reliability of XFEM in predicting the fracture behavior of SENT specimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation hardening and embrittlement of the base and weld metal of VVER-1000 reactor pressure vessels","authors":"S. Kotrechko ,&nbsp;O. Zatsarna ,&nbsp;G. Zimina ,&nbsp;T. Melnychenko ,&nbsp;V. Revka","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper the theoretical dependence of <span><math><mrow><mo>Δ</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> on <span><math><mrow><mo>Δ</mo><msub><mi>σ</mi><mi>Y</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> was derived and experimental data for these characteristics for the base metal and weld metal of the VVER-1000 reactor pressure vessel (RPV) were given. It is shown that in the general case, the shift in the reference temperature <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> due to neutron irradiation is not a unique function of radiation hardening. The <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> shift also depends on such mechanical characteristics as the thermal component of yield strength for the unirradiated RPV metal at the reference temperature <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> and the maximum values of this component in the initial and irradiated conditions. At the same time, the absolute value of the reference temperature <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> of the unirradiated metal has a decisive influence on the sensitivity of the metal to radiation hardening. Therefore, the relationship between these characteristics cannot be described by a linear function, as is considered today. An analytical dependence has been derived, which allows, in the first approximation, to describe the influence of radiation hardening on the shift of the reference temperature and, on this basis, to explain the reasons for the significant scatter of these data in the coordinates \" <span><math><mrow><mo>Δ</mo><msub><mi>T</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> - <span><math><mrow><mo>Δ</mo><msub><mi>σ</mi><mi>Y</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>\". Experimental data were obtained for the level of brittle strength <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> for the RPV metal investigated. According to these data, the value of <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> for the weld metal, to a first approximation, does not depend on the neutron fluence. A tendency to a slight decrease in <span><math><mrow><msub><mi>R</mi><mi>c</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> is observed for the irradiated base metal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An investigation on fatigue life assessment of alloy 718 at different load ratio and elevated temperatures","authors":"Ashutosh Kumar ,&nbsp;Qazi Junaid Ashraf ,&nbsp;G.A. Harmain","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alloy718 is a candidate material for high temperature applications subjected to cyclic loads. Owing to its remarkably high temperature, high strength, fatigue and corrosion resistance properties, it is a widely used structural material especially in demanding environments like gas turbine engine components, nuclear and thermal power plants etc. To investigate the influence of load ratio (0.1, 0.4, and 0.6) and temperatures (650K–800K) on the fatigue life and crack propagation characteristics of the alloy718, tests have been conducted on quarter compact tension (QCT) specimens as per ASTM-E647. FCG life has been observed to increase in an accelerated manner with decrease in temperature or increase in load ratio or both. A rapid increase in FCG life was noticed for tests conducted at load ratio <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.6</mn></mrow></math></span> irrespective of test temperature. This is further corroborated by fractographic studies, and can be attributed to increase in load ratio (<em>R</em>), which results in decreased stress intensity factor range (<em>ΔK</em>) for increasing <em>R</em> value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an experimental setup for testing X52 steel SENT specimens in electrolytic hydrogen to explore repurposing potential of pipelines","authors":"Flavio Catalano ,&nbsp;Marco Palombo ,&nbsp;Marco De Marco ,&nbsp;Michelangelo Mortello ,&nbsp;Filippo Alberto Recanzone ,&nbsp;Marcello Baricco ,&nbsp;Ivan Milano ,&nbsp;Paolo Piccardo ,&nbsp;Roberto Spotorno","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen is considered a key alternative to fossil fuels in the broader context of ecological transition. Repurposing natural gas pipelines for hydrogen transport is one of the challenges of this approach. However, hydrogen can diffuse into metallic lattices, leading to hydrogen embrittlement (HE). For this reason, typically ductile materials can experience unexpected brittle fractures, and it is therefore necessary to assess the HE propensity of the current pipeline network to ensure its fitness for hydrogen transport. This study examines the relationship between the microstructure of the circumferential weld joint in X52 pipeline steel and hydrogen concentration, introduced electrolytically. Base material, heat affected zone and fused zone were subjected to 1800, 3600, 7200 and 14400 s of continuous charging with a current density <em>J</em> = −10 mA/cm² in an acid solution. Results showed that the fusion zone absorbed the most hydrogen across all charging times, while the base material absorbed more hydrogen than the heat-affected zone due to the presence of non-metallic inclusions. Fracture toughness was assessed using single edge notch tension specimens (SENT) in air and electrolytic hydrogen. Results indicate that the base material is particularly vulnerable to hydrogen environments, exhibiting the greatest reduction in toughness when exposed to hydrogen compared to air.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HP40Nb reformer tube exposed to 950 °C – Machine learning informed microstructure evolution and multi-scale mechanical properties","authors":"Adnan Khan ,&nbsp;Vasanth C. Shunmugasamy ,&nbsp;Mousa Abuhelaiqa ,&nbsp;Wouter J. Hamer ,&nbsp;Nicholas J. Laycock ,&nbsp;Bilal Mansoor","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Austenitic stainless steel tubes extensively employed in energy sector, endure extreme service temperatures over long period of time and are susceptible to creep damage. This study investigates microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of HP40Nb (25Cr35Ni1Nb) steel exposed to 950 °C for up to 1600h, with specimens retrieved at 200h intervals. Advanced multi-scale characterization methods, including scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and micro- and nanoindentation were utilized to analyze transformation of precipitates and resulting impact on mechanical properties. Microstructural changes (precipitate evolution, transformation and coarsening) were quantified using Machine Learning based algorithm and correlated with the mechanical properties. The as-cast microstructure comprised two primary intergranular Cr- and Nb-rich carbides in austenitic matrix. Post 200h exposure at 950 °C, secondary intragranular Cr-rich pepper carbide was observed in the austenite matrix. Following this, segregation of Si around Cr-rich precipitates occurred resulting in dark phases. At 800h, Si migrated to NbC resulting in transformation of NbC to Ni-Nb Silicide phase (G-phase). Transformation of NbC to G-phase and coarsening of the primary Cr-rich carbides was observed towards end of study at 1600h. The microstructural changes resulted in microcracks owing to precipitate transformation, coarsening and thermal coefficient mismatch. It was identified that both Nb and Cr precipitates are susceptible to microcracks post 800h at 950 °C. The study offers improved understanding of microstructural changes occurring in austenitic stainless steels used as reformer tubes during exposure to elevated service temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of the influence of hydrogen blending ratio on the hydrogen embrittlement behavior of X42 pipeline steel","authors":"Huyue Wang ,&nbsp;Hongliang Ming ,&nbsp;Dongceng Hou ,&nbsp;Jianqiu Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Ke ,&nbsp;En-Hou Han","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the influence of hydrogen blending ratio on the hydrogen embrittlement behavior of X42 pipeline steel is explored through a series of mechanical tests and found that the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of X42 pipeline steel slightly increases with rising hydrogen blending ratios (5–20 %). It is noteworthy that the crack growth rate of compact tensile specimens shows little variation under different hydrogen blending ratios, so we reasonably inferred that the possible reason for the obvious change in the morphologies of tubular and sheet-shaped specimens after hydrogen-induced failure is due to the shortened duration of the crack initiation process caused by the rising hydrogen blending ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress intensity factor solution for pressurized vessel nozzle corner crack subjected to an arbitrary stress distribution using the influence coefficient method","authors":"Dasheng Wang ,&nbsp;Ting Jin ,&nbsp;Yanggang Duan ,&nbsp;Yuebing Li ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Pan Liu ,&nbsp;Xiao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105519","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nozzle of pressurized vessel in nuclear power plants exhibits geometrical discontinuities, complex and harsh loads, and stress concentration, leading to a high stress level and complex stress distribution in the nozzle corner, it is a crucial region for structural fracture mechanical evaluation. The aim of this study is to present an engineering calculation method for the stress intensity factor (SIF) of the nozzle corner cracks under arbitrary stress distribution. Firstly, based on the principle of the influence coefficient method (IFM) and the theory of linear elastic fracture mechanics, the calculation method of the influence coefficients in IFM is provided considering the stress distribution characteristics of the nozzle corner region. Subsequently, a large number of finite element models of nozzles with and without crack are analyzed, and then the influence coefficient tables covering a certain range of geometric and crack size are obtained and used for calculation the SIFs of the nozzle corner cracks. Finally, the applicability and conservativeness of the SIFs calculated by using the influence coefficient tables obtained in this paper are verified considering the actual service loads of the nuclear pressurized vessel. The influence coefficient tables established in the paper can be extended by using the influence coefficient calculation method, and then can be applied to the SIF calculation in a wider range of nozzles with nozzle corner cracks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity analysis of error in crack length measurement on Jmax","authors":"A.K. Bind ,&nbsp;Avinash Gopalan ,&nbsp;S. Sunil ,&nbsp;R.N. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijpvp.2025.105522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently it was reported that maximum load fracture toughness (<em>J</em>_<em>max</em>) of Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube (PT) material was practically unaffected by error in crack growth (<em>Δa</em>) measurement. To check the sensitivity of the <em>J</em>_<em>max</em> to error in <em>Δa</em> measurement, the <em>J</em>_<em>max</em> was calculated assuming no crack growth up to the maximum load (<em>P</em>_<em>max</em>) for Zr-2.5Nb and zircaloy-2 PT material as well as four different steels. For all six materials, for load up to the <em>P</em>_<em>max</em>, the <em>J</em> values calculated assuming no crack growth (<em>J</em>_<em>o</em>) were practically same as that calculated based on the measured <em>Δa</em> (<em>J</em>_<em>c</em>). Based on deformation theory of <em>J</em>, an analytic criterion was developed to check the sensitivity of the <em>J</em>_<em>max</em> to the error in <em>Δa</em>_<em>max</em>. An excellent correlation was established between <em>J</em>_<em>max</em> calculated using the measured <em>Δa</em>_<em>max</em> (<em>J</em>_{<em>cmax</em>}) and <em>J</em>_<em>max</em> calculated using assuming no crack growth (<em>J</em>_{<em>omax</em>}). These findings will be very useful to calculate <em>J</em>_<em>max</em> and/or and then <em>J</em>_<em>IC</em> using established relationship between <em>J</em>_<em>IC</em> and <em>J</em>_<em>max</em> without any crack growth measurement system during fracture test for wide range of materials with fracture toughness in the range of 15–1200 kJ/m² and crack extension up to 2.3 mm. This is very useful for the conditions where it is very difficult to measure the crack growth during fracture tests such as irradiated material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping","volume":"216 ","pages":"Article 105522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}