Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics最新文献

{"title":"Genomic Prediction Using Imputed Whole-Genome Sequence Data in Australian Angus Cattle","authors":"Nantapong Kamprasert,&nbsp;Hassan Aliloo,&nbsp;Julius H. J. van der Werf,&nbsp;Christian J. Duff,&nbsp;Samuel A. Clark","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12912","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbg.12912","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whole-genome sequence (WGS) data was used to estimate genomic breeding values for growth and carcass traits in Australian Angus cattle. The study aimed to compare the accuracy and bias of genomic predictions with three marker densities, including 50K, high-density (HD) and WGS. The dataset used in this study consisted of animals born between 2013 and 2022. Body weight traits included birthweight, weight at 400 days and weight at 600 days of age. The carcass traits were carcass weight, carcass intramuscular fat and carcass marbling score. The accuracy and bias of prediction were assessed using the cross-validation. Further, for the growth traits, animals in the validation group were subdivided into two subgroups, which were moderately or highly related to the reference. Genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) was used to compare genomic predictions with the three marker densities. The prediction accuracies were generally similar across the marker densities, ranging between 0.61 and 0.68 for the body weight traits and between 0.40 and 0.52 for the carcass traits. However, the accuracies marginally decreased as the marker density increased for all the traits studied. A similar lack of difference was found when considering the accuracy by the relatedness subgroups. The results indicated that no meaningful difference in prediction accuracy was estimated when comparing the three marker densities due to the population structure. In conclusion, there was no substantial improvement in genomic prediction when using the WGS in this study.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":"142 4","pages":"381-391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Characterisation of Feeding Patterns in Lactating Holstein Cows and Their Association With Feed Efficiency Traits","authors":"Ligia Cavani,&nbsp;Kristen L. Parker Gaddis,&nbsp;Ransom L. Baldwin,&nbsp;José E. P. Santos,&nbsp;James E. Koltes,&nbsp;Robert J. Tempelman,&nbsp;Michael J. VandeHaar,&nbsp;Heather M. White,&nbsp;Francisco Peñagaricano,&nbsp;Kent A. Weigel","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12911","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbg.12911","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Feeding behaviour traits, such as number, duration or intake per feeder visit, have been associated with feed efficiency in dairy cattle. Those traits, however, do not fully capture cows' feeding patterns throughout the day. The goal of this study was to propose a new phenotype for characterising within-day feeding patterns and estimate its heritability and genetic correlations with dry matter intake (DMI), secreted milk energy, metabolic body weight and residual feed intake. Feeding patterns were evaluated using 4.8 million bunk visits from 1684 midlactation Holstein cows collected from 2009 to 2023 with an Insentec system. Feed efficiency traits were available from 6099 lactating Holstein cows at six research stations across the United States. Daily bunk visits were ordered, with Time 0 designated as the time of first feed delivery. Intake proportions were calculated by visit for each cow by dividing feed intake per visit by the total intake of the cow for that day. Feeding patterns were characterised by the area under the curve of cumulative feed intake proportions for each cow throughout the day. The feeding pattern phenotype per cow was defined as the average of areas under the curve across days, whereas consistency of feeding pattern was calculated as the natural logarithm of variance of daily area under the curve values. Estimates of heritability and genetic correlations were performed using Bayesian inference with an animal model, considering lactation, days in milk and cohort (trial–treatment) as fixed effects and animal as a random effect. Heritability estimates for average area under the curve and variance of daily area under the curve were 0.35 ± 0.05 and 0.16 ± 0.05, respectively. The genetic correlation between average area under the curve and secreted milk energy was −0.30 ± 0.14. Genetic correlations between average area under the curve and DMI, metabolic body weight and residual feed intake were not statistically significant. Variance of daily area under the curve was genetically correlated with DMI (0.47 ± 0.15), secreted milk energy (0.40 ± 0.17) and metabolic body weight (0.28 ± 0.13). The genetic correlation between variance of daily area under the curve and residual feed intake was not significant. Overall, we provided a reliable method to truly characterise feeding patterns in midlactation dairy cows. Feeding pattern and its consistency were heritable, indicating that a significant proportion of phenotypic variation is explained by additive genetic effects. Genetic correlation estimates indicate that cows with more consistent daily feeding patterns have lower DMI, lower secreted milk energy and lower metabolic body weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":"142 4","pages":"373-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbg.12911","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methods of Calculating Prediction Error Variance and Prediction Accuracy for Restricted Best Linear Unbiased Prediction of Breeding Values","authors":"Masahiro Satoh","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12910","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbg.12910","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Prediction error variance (PEV) and prediction accuracy (PA) of breeding values (BVs) are essential for formulating breeding plans and predicting response to selection. However, restricted best linear unbiased prediction method (RBLUP method) carries many unknowns: in particular, the formulas for calculating PEV and PA are not clear. New findings were obtained using the RBLUP method. The uniqueness of RBLUP of BVs was proven. The formulas of PEV and PA for the RBLUP of BVs were derived from restricted mixed model equations. A method was also devised for easily calculating the PEV and PA for the RBLUP of BVs. Finally, the relationship between the RBLUP and ordinary BLUP of BVs was derived. It has become easier to calculate the PEV and PA for the RBLUP of BVs. This method is particularly effective for calculating the PEV and PA when applying the RBLUP method to achieve relative desired changes in all traits. This has also made it possible to predict the response to selection using the RBLUP method.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":"142 4","pages":"363-372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbg.12910","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian Evaluation of Growth Rates and Kleiber's Ratios in Harnali Sheep: Dissecting Maternal and Additive Genetic Contributions","authors":"Spandan Shashwat Dash,&nbsp;Yogesh C. Bangar,&nbsp;Ankit Magotra,&nbsp;C. S. Patil","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12909","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbg.12909","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the genetic basis of growth and metabolic traits in sheep is crucial for improving production efficiency and sustainability. The current study aimed to estimate the genetic influences, both direct and maternal, on growth rate and Kleiber's ratio traits in Harnali sheep using pedigree data under Bayesian inference. The data pertained to 2404 animals spanned over 24 years (1998–2021). Fixed factors such as birth period, lamb sex and dam's weight at lambing were considered. The traits studied included average daily gains (ADGs) categorised into ADG1 (birth to weaning age), ADG2 (weaning to 6 months of age) and ADG3 (6–12 months of age), as well as corresponding Kleiber's ratios (KR1, KR2 and KR3). Six single-trait animal models were employed to estimate covariance components and heritabilities, integrating direct additive and maternal effects alongside significant fixed factors using THRGIBBS1F90 and POSTGIBBSF90 programmes. Direct heritability estimates were obtained for ADG1 (0.11 ± 0.05), ADG2 (0.06 ± 0.03), ADG3 (0.03 ± 0.03), KR1 (0.07 ± 0.03), KR2 (0.06 ± 0.03) and KR3 (0.05 ± 0.03). Maternal genetic effects have contributed significant particularly to pre-weaning traits. The study identified an antagonistic relationship between direct additive and maternal genetic effects. Positive genetic and phenotypic correlations emphasised the intricate relationship between growth and metabolic efficiency in Harnali sheep. The current study offers critical insights into the genetic basis of growth and metabolic traits in Harnali sheep, ultimately contributing to more efficient and sustainable sheep production systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":"142 3","pages":"342-353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are SNPs Linked to Somatic Cell Score Suitable Markers for the Susceptibility to Specific Mastitis Pathogens in Holstein Cows?","authors":"U. Müller,&nbsp;E. M. Strucken,&nbsp;J. Gao,&nbsp;S. Rahmatalla,&nbsp;P. Korkuć,&nbsp;M. Reissmann,&nbsp;G. A. Brockmann","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12904","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbg.12904","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mastitis in cattle is often caused by microorganism infections in the udder. The three most common pathogens are esculin-positive streptococci (<i>SC+</i>), coagulase-negative staphylococci (<i>CNS</i>), and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>). In a previous study, 10 SNPs were associated with somatic cell score and mastitis in diverse Holstein populations. We tested these SNPs for their effects on individual pathogen presence. Milk and pathogen samples of 3076 Holstein cows were collected from four farms. Samples were excluded if multiple pathogens were present at the same time. Records of the same pathogen within 14 days of each other were counted as one infection. This resulted in 1129 pathogen-positive samples. Cases and controls were in ratios of 20:80 for <i>SC+</i>, 8:92 for <i>CNS</i>, and 11:89 for <i>E. coli</i>. The lasso, backward, and forward methods were used to narrow down SNPs associated with pathogen presence. The suitability of the SNPs to separate the samples into cases or controls for each pathogen was indicated using ROC curves. The Cochran-Armitage (CAT) and the Jonckheere-Terpstra (JTT) tests evaluated the influence of the SNPs on pathogen presence. Finally, a generalised linear mixed model (GLMM) including fixed environmental effects and a random sire effect was fitted to the binary trait of pathogen presence to test for association. In total, six out of the 10 investigated SNPs showed associations with pathogen presence based on the forward method: Two SNPs each for <i>SC+</i> (rs41588957, rs41257403) and <i>CNS</i> (rs109934030, rs109441194), and three for <i>E. coli</i> (rs109934030, rs41634110, rs41636878). The CAT and GTT tests linked four SNPs (rs41588957, rs41634110, rs109441194, rs41636878) to pathogen presence, two of which were confirmed with the GLMM (rs41634110, rs109441194), with effects on <i>CNS</i> and <i>E. coli</i>. The SNPs linked to <i>CNS</i> and those linked to <i>E. coli</i> explained 13.2% and 13.8% of the variance, compared to 19% and 18.4%, respectively, of the full model with all 10 SNPs. Half of the SNP genotypes previously linked to lower SCS also decreased the probability for pathogen presence and might therefore be targets not just for lower SCS but for a better pathogen resistance.</p><p>\u0000 <b>Trial Registration:</b> Not applicable, no new data were collected for this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":"142 3","pages":"354-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbg.12904","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of the Prenatal Maternal Health Status on Calf Disease Prevalences and Respective Genetic Parameter Estimates in German Holstein Cattle","authors":"Laura Aufmhof,&nbsp;Tong Yin,&nbsp;Katharina May,&nbsp;Sven König","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12906","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbg.12906","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The aim of the present study was to infer phenotypic responses and genetic parameters of the F1 calf diseases diarrhoea (DIAR) and pneumonia (PNEU) in dependency of the prenatal maternal health status (PMHS) of the dam and of the herd-calving year. The PMHS considered diagnoses for the cow disease mastitis (MAST) and claw disorders (CD) during gestation of F0 dams. Furthermore, 305-d milk production traits of F1 offspring from either healthy or diseased dam groups were compared. The study comprised 20,045 female calves (F1 = generation 1) and their corresponding dams (F0 = parental generation 0), kept in 41 large-scale herds. All F1 calves were from their dams' 2nd parity, implying that all dam (maternal) diseases were recorded during the first lactation and dry period of the dams. The F1 calves were phenotyped for DIAR up to 30 days post-partum, and for PNEU up to 180 days of age. At least one entry for the respective disease implied a score = 1 = sick, otherwise, a score = 0 = healthy, was assigned. Production records of the 10,129 F1 cows comprised 305-d records in first lactation for milk yield (MY), protein yield (PY) and fat yield (FY). Linear and generalised linear mixed models were applied to infer phenotypic responses of F1 traits in dependency of the PMHS for CD and MAST. A diagnosis for MAST or CD in F0 cows during gestation was significantly (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; ≤ 0.05) associated with an increased prevalence for DIAR and PNEU, with pairwise differences of least-squares-means between calves from healthy and diseased cow groups up to 3.61%. The effects of PMHS on 305-d production traits in offspring were non-significant (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). In bivariate genetic analyses, DIAR and PNEU were defined as different traits according to the PMHS, i.e., DIAR-MAST&lt;sub&gt;healthy&lt;/sub&gt; and DIAR-MAST&lt;sub&gt;diseased&lt;/sub&gt;, DIAR-CD&lt;sub&gt;healthy&lt;/sub&gt; and DIAR-CD&lt;sub&gt;diseased&lt;/sub&gt;, PNEU-MAST&lt;sub&gt;healthy&lt;/sub&gt; and PNEU-MAST&lt;sub&gt;diseased&lt;/sub&gt;, and PNEU-CD&lt;sub&gt;healthy&lt;/sub&gt; and PNEU-CD&lt;sub&gt;diseased&lt;/sub&gt;. The direct heritabilities for DIAR and PNEU were quite similar in the healthy and respective diseased dam group. Slightly larger direct heritabilities in the diseased dam groups were due to increased genetic variances. Maternal heritabilities were quite stable and smaller than the direct heritabilities. In random regression models, genetic parameters for DIAR and PNEU were estimated along the continuous herd-calving-year prevalence scale, considering a prevalence for MAST and CD (based on the 20,045 dam records plus 16,193 herd contemporary records) in the range from 0% to 30%. Direct heritabilities for PNEU were quite stable along the herd-calving-year gradient for MAST and CD. For DIAR, we observed stronger estimate fluctuations, especially increasing direct heritabilities in dependency of the herd-calving-year prevalence for MAST from 0.13 (at a MAST prevalence of 0%) to 0.30 (at a MAST prevalence of 30%). Consequently, obvious genotype x herd-calving-year PM","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":"142 3","pages":"308-321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbg.12906","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic Prediction and Genome-Wide Association Studies for Productivity, Conformation and Heat Tolerance Traits in Tropical Smallholder Dairy Cows","authors":"Nguyen N. Bang,&nbsp;Ben J. Hayes,&nbsp;Russell E. Lyons,&nbsp;Imtiaz A. S. Randhawa,&nbsp;John B. Gaughan,&nbsp;Nguyen X. Trach,&nbsp;David M. McNeill","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12907","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbg.12907","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genomic selection (GS) and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have not been investigated in Vietnamese dairy cattle, even for basic milk production traits, largely due to the scarcity of individual phenotype recording in smallholder dairy farms (SDFs). This study aimed to estimate heritability (<i>h</i>\u0000 ²) and test the applicability of GS and GWAS for milk production, body conformation and novel heat tolerance traits using single test day phenotypic data. Thirty-two SDFs located in either the north (a lowland vs. a highland) or the south (a lowland vs. a highland) of Vietnam were each visited for an afternoon and the next morning to collect phenotype data of all lactating cows (<i>n</i> = 345). Tail hair from each cow was sampled for subsequent genotyping with a 50K SNP chip at that same visit. Milk production traits (single-test day) were milk yield (MILK, kg/cow/day), energy corrected milk yield adjusted for body weight (ECMbw, kg/100 kg BW/day), fat (mFA, %), protein (mPR, %) and dry matter (mDM, %). Conformation traits were body weight (BW, kg) and body condition score (BCS, 1 = thin to 5 = obese). Heat tolerance traits were panting score (PS, 0 = normal to 4.5 = extremely heat-stressed) and infrared temperatures (IRTs, °C) at 11 areas on the external body surface of the cow (inner vulval lip, outer vulval surface, inner tail base surface, ocular area, muzzle, armpit area, paralumbar fossa area, fore udder, rear udder, forehoof and hind hoof), assessed by an Infrared Camera. Univariate linear mixed models and a 10-fold cross-validation approach were applied for GS. Univariate single SNP mixed linear models were applied for the GWAS. Estimated <i>h</i>\u0000 ² (using the genotype information to build relationships among animals) were moderate (0.20–0.37) for ECMbw, mFA, mPR, mRE, BW, BCS and IRT at rear udder; low (0.08–0.19) for PS and other IRTs; and very low (≤ 0.07) for MILK, ECM and mDM. Accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) was low (≤ 0.12) for MILK, ECM, mDM and IRT at hind hoof; and moderate to high (0.32–0.46) for all other traits. The most significant regions on chromosomes (BTA) associated with milk production traits were 0.47–1.18 Mb on BTA14. Moderate to high <i>h</i>\u0000 ² and moderate accuracies of GEBVs for mFA, mPR, ECMbw, BCS, BW, PS and IRTs at rear udder and outer vulval surface suggested that GS using single test day phenotypic data could be applied for these traits. However, a greater sample size is required to decrease the bias of GEBVs by GS and increase the power of detecting significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) by GWAS.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":"142 3","pages":"322-341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Based Phenotyping for Genetic Selection of Carcass Traits in Oreochromis niloticus: Integrating Imaging Technology Into Aquaculture Breeding","authors":"Cícero Eduardo de Rezende,&nbsp;Caio Augusto Perazza,&nbsp;Danielle Cristina Pereira Marçal,&nbsp;Diana Carla Oliveira Fernandes,&nbsp;Rafael Vilhena Reis Neto,&nbsp;Rilke Tadeu Fonseca de Freitas,&nbsp;Alexandre Wagner Silva Hilsdorf","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12905","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbg.12905","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent years have witnessed a remarkable global surge in fish production, with Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) emerging as a prominent contributor owing to its high demand as a nutritious food source. However, unlike terrestrial species, maintaining genealogical control and collecting phenotypic data in fish farming poses significant challenges, necessitating advancements to support genetic improvement programmes. While conventional methods, such as body measurements using rulers and photographs are prevalent in data collection, the potential of ultrasound—a less invasive and efficient tool for fish measurement—remains underexplored. This study assesses the viability of ultrasonography for genetically selecting carcass characteristics in Nile tilapia. The investigation encompasses data from 897 animals representing 53 full-sib tilapia families maintained in the genetic improvement programme at the Federal University of Lavras. To measure carcass traits, the animals were sedated with benzocaine and ultrasound images were obtained at three distinct points. Subsequently, the animals were euthanised through medullary sectioning for further carcass processing. After evisceration, filleting and skinning, all weights were meticulously recorded. (Co)variance components and genetic parameters of the measured traits were estimated using the Bayesian approach by Gibbs sampling implemented in MTGSAM (Multiple Trait Gibbs Sampling in Animal Models) software. Heritabilities estimated for the studied carcass traits were moderate, ranging from 0.23 to 0.33. Notably, phenotypes derived from ultrasound images demonstrated substantial genetic correlations with fillet yield (0.83–0.92). In conclusion, this study confirms that indirect selection based on ultrasound images is effective and holds promise for integration into tilapia breeding programmes aimed at enhancing carcass yield.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":"142 3","pages":"300-307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Perspectives on Feed Event, Meal and Feed Efficiency Traits in Bos taurus indicus Beef Cattle","authors":"Júlia de Paula Soares Valente,&nbsp;Lúcio Flávio Macedo Mota,&nbsp;Gustavo Roberto Dias Rodrigues,&nbsp;Matheus Deniz,&nbsp;Jessica Moraes Malheiros,&nbsp;Roberta Carrilho Canesin,&nbsp;Laila Talarico Dias,&nbsp;João Henrique Cardoso Costa,&nbsp;Maria Eugênia Zerlotti Mercadante","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12903","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbg.12903","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Electronic feeders record feeding behaviour as feed events by tracking the animal's in-out visits to the feeder. Another way to measure feeding behaviour is based on meals. However, the two approaches provide different outcomes. The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters (heritabilities and genetic and phenotypic correlations) for feed event and meal traits, and their genetic and phenotypic correlations with feed efficiency traits in Nellore cattle. The present study analysed six feed event traits (DMI_FE: dry matter intake per feed event, FED: feed event duration, TB_FE: time between feed events, FT_d: feeding time per day, FE_d: feed events per day, and FR: feeding rate), six meal traits (DMI_ME: DMI per meal, MED: meal duration, TB_ME: time between meals, MC: meal criterion, MT_d: meal time per day, and ME_d: meals per day), and three feed efficiency traits (ADG: average daily gain, DMI, and RFI: residual feed intake). The traits were measured in feed efficiency tests of Nellore cattle (age = 280 ± 41 days and body weight = 258 ± 47 kg at enrolment). The MC was calculated for each animal and ranged from 1.70 to 64.0 min, i.e., any pair of feed events separated by less than the MC value was considered part of the same meal. The heritabilities and correlations were estimated by fitting univariate and bivariate animal models, respectively, using single-step genomic BLUP. The highest heritabilities for feed event traits were 0.35 ± 0.06 (FED), 0.39 ± 0.06 (FT_d), and 0.50 ± 0.05 (FT_d), and for meal traits were 0.31 ± 0.06 (MED) and 0.45 ± 0.06 (MT_d). The genetic correlation between feed event traits and meal traits were weak. FR, FED, and FT_d had moderate genetic correlations with RFI (−0.56 ± 0.11, 0.44 ± 0.11, 0.60 ± 0.08, respectively). These results indicate that more efficient animals spent less time at the feeder per feed event and per day, and eat faster compared to less efficient animals. In conclusion, feed event and meal traits must be treated as distinct groups of traits since the genetic and phenotypic correlations were, in general, weak to moderate. Among feed event versus meal traits, feed event traits are more favourable to explain the genetic relationships of feeding behaviour with feed efficiency-related traits.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":"142 3","pages":"287-299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Autosomal Monosomy and Trisomy Estimated Using Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Genotype Intensity Chip Information in a Large Population of Juvenile Dairy and Beef Cattle","authors":"Cliona A. Ryan,&nbsp;Deirdre C. Purfield,&nbsp;Daragh Matthews,&nbsp;Claudia Rathje,&nbsp;Ainhoa Valldecabres,&nbsp;Donagh P. Berry","doi":"10.1111/jbg.12902","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbg.12902","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aneuploidy, a genetic condition characterised by the deletion (monosomy) or duplication (trisomy) of a chromosome, has been extensively studied in humans, particularly in the context of trisomy on chromosome 21, also known as Down syndrome. Research on autosomal aneuploidy in live-born cattle has been limited to case reports, resulting in a lack of prevalence estimates of aneuploidy in cattle. Furthermore, the viability or lethality of aneuploidy on specific autosomes in cattle has not been well documented. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of autosomal aneuploidy in a large population of new-born and juvenile beef and dairy cattle using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip genotype intensity data. Of the population of 779,138 cattle genotyped when younger than 15 months of age, 139 cattle (i.e., 0.017%) were diagnosed with one case of autosomal trisomy. Trisomy in only 10 different autosomes were detected (BTA 4, 6, 12, 15, 20, 24, 26, 27, 28 and 29) albeit the one case of trisomy detected on <i>Bos taurus</i> autosome (BTA) 4 was in an additional population of 341,927 cattle that were genotyped at &gt; 15 months of age and was therefore excluded from prevalence estimates to minimise bias. The prevalence of trisomy per chromosome was generally inversely related to the length of the chromosome. Although the number of affected individuals was few, there was no evidence of differences in prevalence by breed, inbreeding level or parental age. The parental origin of the detected cases of trisomy was maternal for 92% of the cases. No cases of monosomy were detected despite the large dataset, which included calves genotyped at birth, indicating the potential lethal nature of monosomy in cattle. Cytogenetic testing was used to verify three of the animals with detected autosomal trisomy who were still alive. Eighteen of the 139 animals identified with autosomal trisomy were recorded as being stillborn, resulting in a prevalence of autosomal aneuploidy in live-born cattle of 0.015%. Of the 121 live-born cattle with autosomal trisomy, a total of 68 died on farm at, on average (standard deviation), 6.8 (8.7) months of age. All animals with autosomal trisomy on BTA 6, 12, 15, 20 or 24 were either stillborn or died on farm within 15 days of birth. This study is the first report of trisomy on BTA 4, 6, 15, 20 and 27 in live-born cattle, as well as the first to document fertile cows with trisomy on BTA 4, 27 or 28. Given that genotype intensity SNP data from SNP-chips are readily available, identifying animals affected with autosomal aneuploidy as well as quantifying and monitoring the incidence can be easily undertaken.</p>","PeriodicalId":54885,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics","volume":"142 3","pages":"277-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbg.12902","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}